Use of a Pathomics Nomogram to Predict Postoperative Liver Metastasis in Patients with Stage III Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Approximately 25% of patients with stage III colorectal cancer experience liver metastasis after radical resection; however, there is currently a lack of methods to predict liver metastasis. This study aims to develop and validate a pathomics nomogram to predict liver metastasis in patients with stage III colorectal cancer.

Methods: A total of 318 enrolled patients were divided into three cohorts: a training cohort (n = 139), a validation cohort (n = 69), and an external cohort (n = 110).

Classification, Localization and Quantization of Eddy Current Detection Defects in CFRP Based on EDC-YOLO.

The accurate detection and quantification of defects is vital for the effectiveness of the eddy current nondestructive testing (ECNDT) of carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) materials. This study investigates the identification and measurement of three common CFRP defects-cracks, delamination, and low-velocity impact damage-by employing the You Only Look Once (YOLO) model and an improved Eddy Current YOLO (EDC-YOLO) model. YOLO's limitations in detecting multi-scale features are addressed through the integration of Transformer-based self-attention mechanisms and deformable convolutional sub-modules, with additional global feature extraction via CBAM.

Differences in the Virulence Between Local Populations of f. sp. in Southwest China.

The virulence analysis of f. sp. (), the cause of wheat stripe rust, is essential for predicting and managing the disease epidemic in Southwest China, where the wheat cultivation has significantly reduced in the past few decades due to the impact of this disease.

Evaluation of the invasiveness of pure ground-glass nodules based on dual-head ResNet technique.

Objective: To intelligently evaluate the invasiveness of pure ground-glass nodules with multiple classifications using deep learning.

Methods: pGGNs in 1136 patients were pathologically confirmed as lung precursor lesions [atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) and adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS)], minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA), or invasive adenocarcinoma (IAC). Four different models [EfficientNet-b0 2D, dual-head ResNet_3D, a 3D model combining three features (3D_3F), and a 3D model combining 19 features (3D_19F)] were constructed to evaluate the invasiveness of pGGNs using the EfficientNet and ResNet networks.

Predicting Lymphovascular Invasion in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks on Preoperative Chest CT.

Rationale And Objectives: Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) plays a significant role in precise treatments of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aims to build a non-invasive LVI prediction diagnosis model by combining preoperative CT images with deep learning technology.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective observational study included a series of consecutive patients who underwent surgical resection for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and received pathologically confirmed diagnoses.

Overexpression of NtEXPA7 promotes seedling growth and resistance to root-knot nematode in tobacco.

Root-knot nematode (RKN) is one of the most damaging plant pathogen in the world. They exhibit a wide host range and cause serious crop losses. The cell wall, encasing every plant cell, plays a crucial role in defending of RKN invasion.

Radiomics analysis of contrast-enhanced computerized tomography for differentiation of gastric schwannomas from gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

Purpose: To assess the performance of radiomics-based analysis of contrast-enhanced computerized tomography (CE-CT) images for distinguishing GS from gastric GIST.

Methods: Forty-nine patients with GS and two hundred fifty-three with GIST were enrolled in this retrospective study. CT features were evaluated by two associate chief radiologists.

Resistance to Planthoppers and Southern Rice Black-Streaked Dwarf Virus in Rice Germplasms.

The damage caused by the white-back planthopper (WBPH, ) and brown planthopper (BPH, ), as well as southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV), considerably decreases the grain yield of rice. Identification of rice germplasms with sufficient resistance to planthoppers and SRBSDV is essential to the breeding and deployment of resistant varieties and, hence, the control of the pests and disease. In this study, 318 rice accessions were evaluated for their reactions to the infestation of both BPH and WBPH at the seedling stage using the standard seed-box screening test method; insect quantification was further conducted at the end of the tillering and grain-filling stages in field trials.

Cutoff value of IC for drug sensitivity in patient-derived tumor organoids in colorectal cancer.

Patient-derived tumor organoids (PDTOs) have the potential to be used to predict the patient response to chemotherapy. However, the cutoff value of the half-maximal inhibition concentration (IC) for PDTO drug sensitivity has not been validated with clinical cohort data. We established PDTOs and performed a drug test in 277 samples from 242 CRC patients who received FOLFOX or XELOX chemotherapy.

Use of Carbon Nanoparticles to Improve the Efficiency of Harvesting Lymph Nodes in Rectal Cancer.

Background: The accurate determination of lymph node status in patients with rectal cancer requires harvesting a certain number of lymph nodes. This study investigated whether using carbon nanoparticles (CNs) could improve the efficiency of harvesting lymph nodes in rectal cancer patients.

Materials And Methods: Data from patients with rectal cancer treated with radical resection were collected from Nanfang Hospital between January 2014 and June 2021.

Wave Attenuation in Additively Manufactured Polymer Acoustic Black Hole Structures Considering the Viscoelastic Effect.

The acoustic black hole (ABH) is a feature commonly found in thin-walled structures that is characterized by a diminishing thickness and damping layer with an efficient wave energy dissipation effect, which has been extensively studied. The additive manufacture of polymer ABH structures has shown promise as a low-cost method to manufacture ABHs with complex geometries, exhibiting even more effective dissipation. However, the commonly used elastic model with viscous damping for both the damping layer and polymer ignores the viscoelastic changes that occur due to variations in frequency.

Activation of Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase 3 in Liver Regeneration Impedes the Progression of Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastasis Via Exosome-Bound Intercellular Transfer of Ceramides.

Background & Aims: The machinery that prevents colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM) in the context of liver regeneration (LR) remains elusive. Ceramide (CER) is a potent anti-cancer lipid involved in intercellular interaction. Here, we investigated the role of CER metabolism in mediating the interaction between hepatocytes and metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) cells to regulate CRLM in the context of LR.

Development and validation of a collagen signature to predict the prognosis of patients with stage II/III colorectal cancer.

The tumor, nodes and metastasis (TNM) classification system provides useful but incomplete prognostic information and lacks the assessment of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Collagen, the main component of the TME extracellular matrix, plays a nonnegligible role in tumor invasion and metastasis. In this cohort study, we aimed to develop and validate a TME collagen signature (CS) for prognostic prediction of stage II/III colorectal cancer (CRC) and to compare the prognostic values of "TNM stage + CS" with that of TNM stage alone.

Sex-specific bone and muscular morphological features in ischiofemoral impingement: A three-dimensional study.

The study aimed to investigate how hip bone and muscular morphology features differ between ischiofemoral impingement (IFI) patients and healthy subjects among males and females. Three-dimensional models were reconstructed based on magnetic resonance imaging images from IFI patients and healthy subjects of different sexes. Bone morphological parameters and the cross-sectional area of the hip abductors were measured.

Real-time distal margin selection using confocal laser endomicroscopy in transanal total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer.

Background: Transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) allows patients with ultralow rectal cancer to be treated with sphincter-saving surgery. However, accurate delineation of the distal resection margin (DRM), which is essential to achieve R0 resection for low rectal cancer in TaTME, is technically demanding.

Aim: To assess the feasibility of optical biopsy using probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) to select the DRM during TaTME for low rectal cancer.

Indocyanine green for radical lymph node dissection in patients with sigmoid and rectal cancer: randomized clinical trial.

Background: D3 lymph node dissection is recommended for patients with advanced sigmoid and rectal cancer in Japan. This trial aimed to investigate the feasibility of indocyanine green (ICG) as a tracer to increase the nodal harvest during D3 lymph node dissection in patients with sigmoid and rectal cancer.

Methods: This prospective randomized clinical trial was performed between May 2021 and April 2022.

Pantranscriptome combined with phenotypic quantification reveals germplasm kinship and regulation network of bract color variation in .

Bracts are the metamorphic non-flower organ in angiosperm plants. The variation of the color and shape of bracts was found to be neo-functionalized (i.e.

Laser-Generated Guided Waves for Damage Detection in Metal-Lined Composite-Overwrapped Pressure Vessels.

This paper characterizes laser-generated guided waves in a metal-lined composite-overwrapped pressure vessel (COPV) to assess typical damage, including interfacial debonding and low-velocity impact damage. First, an eigenfrequency approach that avoids additional coding is utilized to theoretically analyze the dispersion characteristics of a COPV. The theoretical results show that interfacial debonding significantly alters dispersion curves, and the wavenumber of the L(0, 1) mode is sensitive to impact damage.

Limited accumulation of high-frequency somatic mutations in a 1700-year-old Osmanthus fragrans tree.

Lifespan varies greatly between and within species. Mutation accumulation is considered an important factor explaining this life-history trait. However, direct assessment of somatic mutations in long-lived species is still rare.

Automated quality assessment of chest radiographs based on deep learning and linear regression cascade algorithms.

Objectives: Develop and evaluate the performance of deep learning and linear regression cascade algorithms for automated assessment of the image layout and position of chest radiographs.

Methods: This retrospective study used 10 quantitative indices to capture subjective perceptions of radiologists regarding image layout and position of chest radiographs, including the chest edges, field of view (FOV), clavicles, rotation, scapulae, and symmetry. An automated assessment system was developed using a training dataset consisting of 1025 adult posterior-anterior chest radiographs.

Salicylic Acid, Jasmonate, and Ethylene Contribute to Rice Defense Against White Tip Nematodes .

Plant hormones have a prominent place in the plant immune and defense mechanism. To gain more information about the plant hormone pathways involved in rice defense against nematodes, here, we studied the roles of three core hormones, namely, salicylic acid (SA), jasmonate (JA), and ethylene (ET) in rice defense to by using the susceptible variety, Nipponbare as well as the resistant variety Tetep. The data showed that Tetep exhibited pre- and post-invasion with suppression of nematode infection, development, and reproduction.

CT-based radiomic nomogram for predicting the severity of patients with COVID-19.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic now, and the severity of COVID-19 determines the management, treatment, and even prognosis. We aim to develop and validate a radiomics nomogram for identifying patients with severe COVID-19.

Methods: There were 156 and 104 patients with COVID-19 enrolled in primary and validation cohorts, respectively.