Serum HDL-C levels in children with epilepsy: a single-center retrospective study.

Purpose: This study aims to compare the difference in serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels between children with epilepsy and healthy children and to assess its potential influencing factors.

Methods: For comparison, we retrospectively collected data on 1,002 children with epilepsy who visited the Department of Neurology at the Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. Additionally, we included 127 healthy children who underwent routine health examinations at our hospital's Health Examination Center.

Unveiling the significance of AKAP79/150 in the nervous system disorders: An emerging opportunity for future therapies?

A-kinase anchoring protein 79/150 (AKAP79/150) is a crucial scaffolding protein that positions various proteins at specific synaptic sites to modulate excitatory synaptic intensity. As our understanding of AKAP79/150's biology deepens, along with its significant role in the pathophysiology of various human disorders, there is growing evidence that reveals new opportunities for therapeutic interventions. In this review, we examine the fundamental structure and primary functions of AKAP79/150, emphasizing its pathophysiological mechanisms in different nervous system disorders, particularly inflammatory pain, epilepsy, depression, and Alzheimer's disease.

Discovery and Validation of Potential Serum Biomarkers for Heart Failure by Untargeted Metabolomics.

Detection of biomarkers was extremely important for the early diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy optimization of diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in serum metabolites between patients with heart failure (HF) and healthy control (HC) and to diagnose HF qualitatively. In this study, serum samples from 83 patients with HF and 35 HCs were used as the research subjects for untargeted metabolomic analysis using ultraperformance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MS) technology.

Precision pharmacotherapy of atomoxetine in children with ADHD: how to ensure the right dose for the right person?

Non-stimulant atomoxetine is recognized in various current clinical guidelines as an important alternative to stimulants for the pharmacological treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. While its efficacy and tolerability for core symptoms are established, there is considerable inter-individual variability in response and exposure, highlighting the need for personalized dosing. In this review, we evaluated existing studies and summarized comprehensive evidence supporting the clinical implementation of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) and personalized dosing of atomoxetine, organized around a series of logically structured questions.

Structural, Elastic, Electronic, Dynamic, and Thermal Properties of SrAlO with an Orthorhombic Structure Under Pressure.

Its outstanding mechanical and thermodynamic characteristics make SrAlO a highly desirable ceramic material for high-temperature applications. However, the effects of elevated pressure on the structural and other properties of SrAlO are still poorly understood. This study encompassed structural, elastic, electronic, dynamic, and thermal characteristics.

Identifying a in PtoCP1 promoter for efficiently controlling constitutive gene expression in .

Gene expression is regulated by transcription factors binding to in promoters. However, efficient for genetic engineering are rarely reported. In this study, we identified an 11 bp in the PtoCP1 promoter that drives strong constitutive gene expression in .

genotype and sodium channel blockers in lacosamide-treated children with epilepsy: two major determinants of trough lacosamide concentration or clinical response.

Background: The widespread clinical use of lacosamide (LCM) has revealed significant individual differences in clinical response, with various reported influencing factors. However, it remains unclear how genetic factors related to the disposition and clinical response of LCM, as well as drug-drug interactions (DDIs), exert their influence on pediatric patients with epilepsy.

Objectives: To evaluate the impact of genetic variations and DDIs on plasma LCM concentrations and clinical response.

A small step toward precision dosing of caffeine in preterm infants: An external evaluation of published population pharmacokinetic models.

Background: Several population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) models of caffeine in preterm infants have been published, but the extrapolation of these models to facilitate model-informed precision dosing (MIPD) in clinical practice is uncertain. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate their predictive performance using an external, independent dataset.

Methods: Data used for external evaluation were based on an independent cohort of preterm infants.

Influence of Ca(PO) on the Surface Morphology and Properties of a CaO-AlO-SiO-FeO-Based High Temperature Phase Reconstructed Complex.

In this study, a glaze slurry was prepared with different contents of tricalcium phosphate. It was then applied to a fly ash microcrystalline ceramic billet and sintered at 1180 °C for 30 min to prepare the complex. The aim was to obtain a high value-added application of fly ash in order to reduce environmental pollution.

Development and application of a population pharmacokinetic model repository for caffeine dose tailoring in preterm infants.

Background: Considerable interindividual variability for the pharmacokinetics of caffeine in preterm infants has been demonstrated, emphasizing the importance of personalized dosing. This study aimed to develop and apply a repository of currently published population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) models of caffeine in preterm infants to facilitate model-informed precision dosing (MIPD).

Research Design And Methods: Literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases.

Lipidomics study of Liujunzi decoction in hyperlipidemia rats with spleen deficiency based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS.

Hyperlipidemia refers to the abnormal levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) in peripheral blood circulation. It is a predominant risk factor underlying cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, including coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis. Furthermore, it is also one of the most prevalent chronic diseases globally.

LC-MS/MS and EMIT measure the whole blood concentration of cyclosporine A: The two methods yield concordant results within the dynamic range of the latter, but the former shows broader application scenarios.

Cyclosporine A (CsA) is a widely used immunosuppressive drug with a narrow therapeutic index and large individual differences. Its therapeutic and toxic effects are closely related to blood drug concentrations, requiring routine therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). The current main methods for TDM of CsA are enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Cordycepin alleviates hepatic fibrosis in association with the inhibition of glutaminolysis to promote hepatic stellate cell senescence.

Cordycepin (CRD) is an active component derived from Cordyceps militaris, which possesses multiple biological activities and uses in liver disease. However, whether CRD improves liver fibrosis by regulating hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation has remained unknown. The study aims further to clarify the activities of CRD on liver fibrosis and elucidate the possible mechanism.

Individualized atomoxetine response and tolerability in children with ADHD receiving different dosage regimens: the need for CYP2D6 genotyping and therapeutic drug monitoring to dance together.

Integrating CYP2D6 genotyping and therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is crucial for guiding individualized atomoxetine therapy in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The aim of this retrospective study was (1) to investigate the link between the efficacy and tolerability of atomoxetine in children with ADHD and plasma atomoxetine concentrations based on their CYP2D6 genotypes; (2) to offer TDM reference range recommendations for atomoxetine based on the CYP2D6 genotypes of children receiving different dosage regimens. This retrospective study covered children and adolescents with ADHD between the ages of 6 and <18, who visited the psychological and behavioral clinic of Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from June 1, 2021, to January 31, 2023.

Effectiveness and safety of mono- and add-on perampanel in pediatric patients with epilepsy: Experience from a single-center retrospective study.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of perampanel (PER) monotherapy (MT) or add-on therapy (AT) in Chinese children with epilepsy, as well as to evaluate the data from routine therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of PER for these pediatric patients.

Methods: This retrospective and observational study was carried out on children with epilepsy (n = 340) from 2020 to 2022 at the Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. Outcome measures were the responder rate (50% or greater seizure reduction), long-term efficacy, and tolerability (number and types of adverse events) in MT and AT groups.

Pseudo-heterostructure and condensation of 1D moiré excitons in twisted phosphorene bilayers.

Heterostructures are not expected to form in a single homogeneous material. Here, we show that planar pseudo-heterostructures could emerge in a twisted bilayer of phosphorene (tbP), driving in-plane energy and charge transfer. The formation of moiré superlattices combined with electronic anisotropy in tbPs yields one-dimensional (1D) moiré excitons with long radiative and nonradiative lifetimes, large binding energies, and deep moiré potentials.

From "wet" matrices to "dry" blood spot sampling strategy: a versatile LC-MS/MS assay for simultaneous monitoring caffeine and its three primary metabolites in preterm infants.

Objectives: To update traditional "wet" matrices to dried blood spot (DBS) sampling, based on the liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) technique, and develop a method for simultaneous analyzing caffeine and its three primary metabolites (theobromine, paraxanthine, and theophylline), supporting routine therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) for preterm infants.

Methods: DBS samples were prepared by a two-step quantitative sampling method, i.e.

Successful LC-MS/MS assay development and validation for determination of valproic acid and its metabolites supporting proactive pharmacovigilance.

Valproic acid (VPA) is a well-documented contributor to liver injury, which is likely caused by the formation of its toxic metabolites. Monitoring VPA and its metabolites is very meaningful for the pharmacovigilance, but the availability of a powerful assay is a prerequisite. In this study, for the first time, a sensitive and specific LC-MS/MS method was developed and validated to simultaneously quantify the concentrations of VPA and its six pestering isomer metabolites (3-OH-VPA, 4-OH-VPA, 5-OH-VPA, 2-PGA, VPA-G, and 2-ene-VPA) in human plasma, using 5-OH-VPA-d7 and VPA-d6 as the internal standards (ISs).

Effects of Sodium Tripolyphosphate Addition on the Dispersion and Hydration of Pure Calcium Aluminate Cement.

In this paper, the effect of a sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) addition on the dispersion and hydration of pure calcium aluminate cement (PCAC) was investigated, and the corresponding mechanism of effect was studied. The effects of STPP on the dispersion, rheology, and hydration processes of PCAC and its adsorption capacity on the surface of cement particles were analysed by measuring the 𝜁-potential on the surface of cement particles, the changes in the concentrations of elemental P and Ca ions in a solution at different STPP additions. The experimental results show that STPP easily complexes with Ca ions to produce the complex [CaPO] adsorbed on the surface of cement particles, which changes the potential on the surface of cement particles and increases the electrostatic repulsive force between cement particles, thus improving the dispersion and rheology of cement.