Application of High-Frequency Ultrasound to Evaluate Forehead Filling Materials.

Background: In recent years, soft tissue materials have been applied as forehead fillers. Some filling materials need to be removed or refilled in a timely manner in certain situations; therefore, it is important to develop a method to identify the location and type of filling materials. This study summarizes the imaging findings of different filling materials under high-frequency ultrasound, providing a reference for clinical treatment.

Light-Activated BF·EtO-Promoted Generation of Singlet Oxygen and Cascade Reaction of Unsaturated Amides.

Herein, BF·EtO-promoted O-insertion/spirocyclization/fluorination/ring-expansion of unsaturated amides to synthesis of spiro[benzo[b]-[1,4]dioxepine-3,5'-oxazole] skeletons in the presence of natural light and O (Σ) was reported. Air was the oxygen source of the O-generation and O-insertion reaction under metal-free and mild conditions. BF·EtO played multiple roles, such as Lewis acid, activating reagent, and fluorine source in the reported cascade.

Localization of the Submandibular Glands Using High-Frequency Ultrasound.

Background: Injecting botulinum toxin (BTX) into the submandibular glands (SMGs) can treat drooling symptoms in neurological diseases and improve the aesthetics of SMG hypertrophy and ptotic SMGs.

Objectives: This study aimed to define the size and position of the SMGs by high-frequency ultrasound, and to perform statistical analysis to improve the safety and accuracy of BTX injection therapy.

Methods: Neck ultrasonography with high-frequency ultrasound was performed on 214 volunteers.

The Application of High-frequency Ultrasonic Imaging in Identifying Fillers in the Temporal Region.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the ultrasonic manifestations of diversified corium fillers in the temporal region and to provide clinicians with suggestions for diagnosis and treatment.

Methods: The facial ultrasound images of 116 patients, including 110 women and six men, 20-61years of age, were analyzed at the Chinese Academy Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College from November 2014 to November 2021.

Results: We identified 48 cases of polyacrylamide, 31 cases of fat, 27 cases of hyaluronic acid, seven cases of hydroxyapatite, two cases of silicone oil, and one case of prosthesis.

An Exploration of the Anatomy of the Forehead of Asians and Its Relationship With Forehead Lines Based on Ultrasound Imaging.

Background: A profound understanding of the various frontal tissues' morphology and their relationship with forehead lines can efficiently guide clinical treatment.

Objectives: The authors explored the relationship between frontal anatomy and frontal lines.

Methods: We measured the thickness and shape of tissues in different regions of the forehead of 241 Asians.

The Buried Guide Suture Method: A Novel Technique to Correct Traumatic Facial Dimples.

Facial dimpling, frequently occurring after blunt trauma, presents as soft-tissue depression, which is particularly apparent during facial expression. The displacement of subcutaneous tissue can be detected and measured by high-frequency ultrasound. Limited surgical methods have been applied in these closed-injury cases.

Surgical Correction of the Deformity After Orbicularis Oculi Muscle Rupture: A Case Report.

Facial contusion may be accompanied by inconspicuous structural damage of the underlying muscular tissue, leading to unnatural expressions. Surgery can be a choice to correct this dynamic deformity. This case report describes a rare case of orbicularis oculi muscle rupture following blunt injury.

Different Performances of BF, BCl, and BBr in Hypervalent Iodine-Catalyzed Halogenations.

Herein, hypervalent iodine-catalyzed halogenation of aryl-activated alkenes using BX (X = Cl, Br) as the halogen source and activating reagents was reported. Various halogenated 1,3-oxazine/2-oxazoline derivatives were obtained in good-to-high yields. Using BF resulted in different substitute sites from BBr and BCl of the products, indicating different reactive intermediates and reaction pathways.

High-Frequency Ultrasound Imaging Findings of Different Mental Injectable Soft Tissue Fillers.

Background: In recent years, the use of mental injectable soft tissue fillers is popular. However, some fillers are difficult to distinguish from pathological tissue, and some non-absorbable fillers need to be removed in time. Therefore, identification of different fillers is important.

Catalytic Synthesis of 5-Fluoro-2-oxazolines: Using BF·EtO as the Fluorine Source and Activating Reagent.

Hypervalent iodine catalyst-catalyzed nucleophilic fluorination of unsaturated amides using BF·EtO as the fluorine source and activating reagent was reported. Various 5-fluoro-2-oxazoline derivatives were synthesized in good to excellent yields (up to 95% isolated yield) within 10 min. The process was efficient and metal-free under mild conditions.

High-Frequency Ultrasound of Facial Filler Materials in the Nasolabial Groove.

Background: Various dermal fillers are often used for nasolabial groove filling. High-frequency ultrasonography might be a valuable tool for assessing facial filler materials.

Methods: The facial ultrasound images of plastic surgery hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from November 2014 to November 2021 were analyzed and judged.

Application of high-frequency ultrasound in detection and identification of nasal filling injection materials.

Objective: To access and determine the ultrasound images of different nasal filling injection materials.

Methods: From November 2014 to November 2021, facial ultrasound images of Plastic Surgery Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Science were analyzed and judged.

Results: A total of 337 cases were enrolled, including 203 cases of hyaluronic acid, 102 cases of polyacrylamide hydrogel, 16 cases of calcium hydroxyapatite-based fillers, 10 cases of silicone oil, and 6 cases of growth factor.

Visible-light-mediated catalyst-free synthesis of unnatural α-amino acids and peptide macrocycles.

The visible light induced, photocatalysts or photoabsorbing EDA complexes mediated cleavage of pyridinium C-N bond were reported in the past years. Here, we report an ionic compound promote homolytic cleavage of pyridinium C-N bond by exploiting the photonic energy from visible light. This finding is successfully applied in deaminative hydroalkylation of a series of alkenes including naturally occurring dehydroalanine, which provides an efficient way to prepare β-alkyl substituted unnatural amino acids under mild and photocatalyst-free conditions.

Visible-light promoted regioselective amination and alkylation of remote C(sp)-H bonds.

The C-N cross coupling reaction has always been a fundamental task in organic synthesis. However, the direct use of N-H group of aryl amines to generate N-centered radicals which would couple with alkyl radicals to construct C-N bonds is still rare. Here we report a visible light-promoted C-N radical cross coupling for regioselective amination of remote C(sp)-H bonds.

Cu-Catalyzed cyanoalkylation of electron-deficient alkenes with unactivated alkyl bromides.

We here report the photoinduced Cu-catalyzed cyanoalkylation of electron-deficient alkenes by using alkyl bromides as alkylation reagents. In the reactions, 1°, 2°, and 3° unactivated alkyl bromides with various sensitive functional groups were well tolerated with good yields. Notably, terminal and internal alkenes, as well as alkene-containing peptides, were all tolerated well.