A diet-wide association study for liver cancer risk: findings from a prospective cohort study in Chinese women.

Although dietary factors have been examined as potential risk factors for liver cancer, the evidence is still inconclusive. Using a diet-wide association analysis, our research evaluated the associations of 126 foods and nutrients on the risk of liver cancer in a Chinese population. We obtained the diet consumption of 72,680 women in the Shanghai Women's Health Study using baseline dietary questionnaires.

The roles of language and executive function in Mandarin-speaking children's theory of mind development.

Introduction: Research has indicated that language and executive function relate closely to first-order false belief reasoning, yet their roles in second-order false belief reasoning are under-explored, and their interplay in theory of mind development remains obscure.

Methods: This study assessed 160 Mandarin-speaking preschoolers' and early primary schoolers' language, executive function, and theory of mind abilities to examine the unique roles and interplay of language and executive function in first-order and second-order false belief reasoning.

Results: Results showed that language significantly uniquely predicted the children's first-order as well as second-order false belief reasoning when controlling for the effects of age and executive function.

Prosodic and Visual Cues Facilitate Irony Comprehension by Mandarin-Speaking Children With Cochlear Implants.

Purpose: This study investigated irony comprehension by Mandarin-speaking children with cochlear implants, focusing on how prosodic and visual cues contribute to their comprehension, and whether second-order Theory of Mind is required for using these cues.

Method: We tested 52 Mandarin-speaking children with cochlear implants (aged 3-7 years) and 52 age- and gender-matched children with normal hearing. All children completed a Theory of Mind test and a story comprehension test.

Residential mobility and liver cancer risk: findings from a prospective cohort study in Chinese women.

Background: Residential mobility is believed to influence the occurrence and development of cancer; however, the results are inconclusive. Furthermore, limited studies have been conducted on Asian populations. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between residential mobility and liver cancer risk among Chinese women.

Sex-specific impact of dietary patterns on liver cancer incidence: updated results from two population-based cohort studies in China.

Purpose: The associations between dietary patterns and liver cancer risk have received much attention, but evidence among the Chinese population is scarce. This study aims to update the results of two cohort studies and provide the sex-specific associations in the Chinese population.

Methods: This study was based on two cohorts from the Shanghai Men's Health Study (SMHS) and the Shanghai Women's Health Study (SWHS).

Prediagnostic plasma metabolite concentrations and liver cancer risk: a population-based study of Chinese men.

Background: Previous metabolic profiling of liver cancer has mostly used untargeted metabolomic approaches and was unable to quantitate the absolute concentrations of metabolites. In this study, we examined the association between the concentrations of 186 targeted metabolites and liver cancer risk using prediagnostic plasma samples collected up to 14 years prior to the clinical diagnosis of liver cancer.

Methods: We conducted a nested case-control study (n = 322 liver cancer cases, n = 322 matched controls) within the Shanghai Men's Health Study.

A diet-wide association study for liver cancer risk: findings from a prospective cohort study in Chinese men.

Dietary factors have been extensively investigated as possible risk factors for liver cancer, but the evidence is inconclusive. Our study systematically assessed the association between 142 foods and nutrients and liver cancer risk in a Chinese population using a diet-wide association study. Based on data from 59,844 men in the Shanghai Men's Health Study (SMHS), we assessed the diet intake by dietary questionnaires.

Sex-Specific Correlation Analysis of Branched-Chain Amino Acids in Dietary Intakes and Plasma among Chinese Adults.

Background: Previous findings about the influence of dietary intakes of the branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) on their plasma concentrations have been limited and inconsistent, and evidence from the Chinese population was lacking.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the diet-plasma BCAA correlations in Chinese male and female adults.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on a nested case-control study within 2 prospective population-based cohorts in Shanghai, China.

Cross-sectional relationships between general and central adiposity and plasma amino acids in Chinese adults.

Adiposity is an important determinant of blood metabolites, but little is known about the variations of blood amino acids according to general and central adiposity status among Chinese population. This study included 187 females and 322 males who were cancer-free subjects randomly selected from two cohorts in Shanghai, China. Participants' plasma concentrations of amino acids were measured by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry.

Cumulative consumption of tea is associated with lower risk of liver cancer: Updated results from the Shanghai Women's Health Study.

Prospective epidemiological studies have provided limited evidence for an association between tea consumption and liver cancer risk. Based on a population-based prospective cohort study in middle-aged Chinese women, we investigated the association between tea consumption and the risk of primary liver cancer. Detailed information on tea drinking habits and other potential confounders was obtained at the baseline interview.

Nitrogen removal performance and rapid start-up of anammox process in an electrolytic sequencing batch reactor (ESBR).

In this study, the electrolytic sequencing batch reactor (ESBR) with different current densities was constructed to investigate the nitrogen removal performance and rapid start-up of anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) process. The changes of total nitrogen removal rate (TNRR), specific anammox activity (SAA) and nitrogen concentration under different current densities were analyzed, and then the effect of the optimal current density on the start-up of anammox in ESBR was explored. The results showed that ammonium nitrogen removal efficiency (92.

Menstrual Factors, Reproductive History and Liver Cancer Risk: Findings from a Prospective Cohort Study in Chinese Women.

Background: Many studies suggested that menstrual and reproductive factors affected the gender disparity in liver carcinogenesis, but the results were inconsistent. Moreover, there are few studies in Asian populations. Therefore, our study was to explore the association of menstrual and reproductive factors on liver cancer risk in Chinese women.

Incidence, Mortality Features and Lifetime Risk Estimation of Digestive Tract Cancers in an Urban District of Shanghai, China.

Digestive tract cancers are the common cause of cancer deaths in both China and worldwide. This study aimed to describe the burden, recent trends and lifetime risks in the incidence and mortality of digestive tract cancers in an urban district of Shanghai, China. Our study extracted data on stomach, colon, rectum and liver cancers diagnosed in Changning District between 2010 and 2019 from the Shanghai Cancer Registry.

TIDD: tool-independent and data-dependent machine learning for peptide identification.

Background: In shotgun proteomics, database search engines have been developed to assign peptides to tandem mass (MS/MS) spectra and at the same time post-processing (or rescoring) approaches over the search results have been proposed to increase the number of confident peptide identifications. The most popular post-processing approaches such as Percolator and PeptideProphet have improved rates of peptide identifications by combining multiple scores from database search engines while applying machine learning techniques. Existing post-processing approaches, however, are limited when dealing with results from new search engines because their features for machine learning must be optimized specifically for each search engine.

Dietary glycemic index, glycemic load, and cause-specific mortality: two population-based prospective cohort studies.

Background: Epidemiological studies on the relationship between dietary glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL) and all-cause and cause-specific mortality yielded conflict results. We aimed to assess these associations in Chinese.

Methods: We conducted this study based on two prospective cohort studies in Shanghai.

Dose-response relationship between fat distribution and liver cancer incidence: A prospective cohort study in Chinese men.

Background: Based on a prospective cohort study in middle-aged Chinese men, the current study characterized the dose-response relationships between fat distribution measurements and the incidence of primary liver cancer.

Methods: Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by Cox regression models for the association between waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), a body shape index (ABSI), and body roundness index (BRI) with liver cancer incidence. Dose-response curves were characterized using a restricted cubic spline function.

Joint impact of BMI, physical activity and diet on type 2 diabetes: Findings from two population-based cohorts in China.

Aims: Limited epidemiological data on the combined impact of several lifestyle factors on type 2 diabetes (T2D) incidence was reported in Chinese population. This study aimed to examine how combinations of BMI, physical activity and diet relate to T2D incidence and estimate corresponding population attributable risk in the general population.

Methods: A total of 56,691 male and 70,849 female participants aged 40-74 years old in two population-based cohorts from the Shanghai Men's and Women's Health Studies were used for analysis.

Dietary fat intake and liver cancer risk: A prospective cohort study in Chinese women.

Objective: This study aimed to determine whether dietary fat intake increased liver cancer risk in Chinese women from a prospective population-based cohort.

Methods: A total of 72,704 Chinese women were followed up from the time of baseline recruitment (1996-2000) to the end of 2016. Dietary fat intake was calculated using a validated food frequency questionnaire.

Global pattern and trends of colorectal cancer survival: a systematic review of population-based registration data.

This review will describe the global patterns and trends of colorectal cancer survival, using data from the population-based studies or cancer registration. We performed a systematic search of China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and SEER and collected all population-based survival studies of colorectal cancer (up to June 2020). Estimates of observed and relative survival rates of colorectal cancer by sex, period, and country were extracted from original studies to describe the temporal patterns and trends from the late 1990s to the early 21st century.

Dose-Response Association between Adiposity and Liver Cancer Incidence: A Prospective Cohort Study among Non-Smoking and Non-Alcohol-Drinking Chinese Women.

Background: Based on a population with very low prevalence of smoking and alcohol drinking, we examined the associations between overall obesity and fat distribution in middle age, obesity in early adulthood, and adult weight gain with the risk of liver cancer incidence.

Methods: The associations between body mass index (BMI) at study enrollment and at age 20, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), adult weight gain, and annual average weight gain with the risk of liver cancer were estimated using Cox regression models. Multivariable-adjusted HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.

Population attributable risk of excess weight, abdominal obesity and physical inactivity for type 2 diabetes in Chinese men and women.

Background: Given the high prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the Chinese population, it is necessary to estimate the T2DM incident attributable to obesity and physical inactivity.

Methods: We analyzed the data from the Shanghai Men's and Women's Health Studies, including 56,691 men and 70,849 women aged 40-74. The hazard ratios (HRs) and the population attributable risks (PARs) were calculated by Cox regression model and model-based estimation.

Gender differences of relationship between serum lipid indices and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional survey in Chinese elderly adults.

Background: To investigate the gender differences of the relationships between clinical serum lipid indices and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Chinese elderly adults.

Methods: Between 2014 and 2016, participants selected from three communities in an urban district of Shanghai were measured for serum lipid indices of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG). Age and multivariate adjusted logistic regression models were utilized to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of serum lipid indices on T2DM prevalence.

Dietary fat intake and liver cancer incidence: A population-based cohort study in Chinese men.

To date, limited studies have focused on the association between dietary fat and liver cancer risk, especially in China. Our study aims to evaluate the association between dietary fat intake and liver cancer incidence risk in men. Dietary fat intake was obtained through a validated food frequency questionnaire in a Chinese prospective cohort.

Tea Drinking and Risk of Cancer Incidence: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies and Evidence Evaluation.

Here we provide a comprehensive meta-analysis to summarize and appraise the quality of the current evidence on the associations of tea drinking in relation to cancer risk. PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched up to June 2020. We reanalyzed the individual prospective studies focused on associations between tea drinking and cancer risk in humans.