Determinants of DNMT2/TRDMT1 preference for substrates tRNA and DNA during the evolution.

RNA methyltransferase DNMT2/TRDMT1 is the most conserved member of the DNMT family from bacteria to plants and mammals. In previous studies, we found some determinants for tRNA recognition of DNMT2/TRDMT1, but the preference mechanism of this enzyme for substrates tRNA and DNA remains to be explored. In the present study, CFT-containing target recognition domain (TRD) and target recognition extension domain (TRED) in DNMT2/TRDMT1 play a crucial role in the substrate DNA and RNA selection during the evolution.

Restricted tRNA methylation by intermolecular disulfide bonds in DNMT2/TRDMT1.

Reportedly, DNMT2/TRDMT1 mainly methylates tRNAs at C38 and prevents them from the cleavage under stress. It also plays an essential role in the survival and physiological homeostasis of organisms. Nevertheless, DNMT2/TRDMT1 exhibits much weaker tRNA methylation activity in vitro than other tRNA methyltransferases, TrmD and Trm5.

The role of E3 ubiquitin ligases and deubiquitinases in bladder cancer development and immunotherapy.

Bladder cancer is one of the common malignant urothelial tumors. Post-translational modification (PTMs), including ubiquitination, acetylation, methylation, and phosphorylation, have been revealed to participate in bladder cancer initiation and progression. Ubiquitination is the common PTM, which is conducted by E1 ubiquitin-activating enzyme, E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme and E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase.

GRIM-19 over-expression represses the proliferation and invasion of orthotopically implanted hepatocarcinoma tumors associated with downregulation of Stat3 signaling.

The retinoid-interferon-induced mortality-19 (GRIM-19) gene has been identified as a negative regulator associated with tumor development. The current study created a model of an orthotopically implanted hepatocarcinoma tumor to verify the inhibitory effect of GRIM-19 in vivo. After treatment with GRIM-19 carried by attenuated Salmonella, transplanted tumors were measured with an Imaging System.

UBA2 promotes proliferation of colorectal cancer.

Small ubiquitin‑like modifier proteins are involved in tumorigenesis; however, the potential effects and functions of the family member ubiquitin‑like modifier‑activating enzyme 2 (UBA2) on colorectal cancer are not clear. The present study aimed to examine the effects of UBA2 on the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. The mRNA and protein expression levels of UBA2 in patients with colorectal cancer were measured by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry, respectively.

Knockdown of Uba2 inhibits colorectal cancer cell invasion and migration through downregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Colorectal cancer is a serious threat to human health, and has a high mortality rate. There is currently no effective therapy for end-stage colorectal cancer. In recent years, molecular targeted therapy has received increasing attention for cancer treatment.

Establishment of human hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells with overexpressed human hepatocyte growth factor.

Objectives: Chronic liver disease has become a major health problem that causes serious damage to human health. Since the existing treatment effect was not ideal, we need to seek new treatment methods.

Materials And Methods: We utilized the gene recombination technology to obtain the human hair mesenchymal stem cells which overexpression of human hepatocyte growth factor (hHGF).

Pathological analysis of collision (double primary) cancer in the upper digestive tract concomitant with gastric stromal tumor: a case report.

Carcinoma of the esophagus and cardiac cancer are common malignancies, while multiple primary cancers in the esophagus and cardia is rarely encountered and easily misdiagnosed. Multiple primary cancers mean the same organs (tissues) or different organs (tissues) have two or more than two primary malignant tumors at the same time or in sequence in the same individual. The case below of two independent primary lesions is double primary carcinoma which meets the diagnosis standard of multiple primary cancers.

Autoserum: An Optimal Supplement for Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells of Liver-Injured Rats.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an attractive source for the clinical cell therapy of liver injury. Although the use of adult serum, platelet lysate, or cord blood serum solves some of the problems caused by fetal bovine serum (FBS), the allogeneic immune response, contamination, and donor-to-donor and donor-to-receptor differences still obstruct the application of MSCs. In this study, the influences of autoserum from liver-injured rats (LIRs) and allogeneic serum from healthy rats on the isolation and culture of bone marrow MSCs (BMSCs) were examined and compared to FBS.