Chirality-Induced Hydroxyapatite Manipulates Enantioselective Bone-Implant Interactions Toward Ameliorative Osteoporotic Osseointegration.

Inspired by the fundamental attribute of chirality in nature, chiral-engineered biomaterials now represent a groundbreaking frontier in biomedical fields. However, the integration of chirality within inorganic materials remains a critical challenge and developments of chirality-induced bionic bone implants are still in infancy. In this view, novel chiral hydroxyapatite (CHA) coated Ti alloys are successfully synthesized by a sophisticated chiral molecule-induced self-assembly method for the first time.

Modified Calcanization of Tibia for Hindfoot Defect Reconstruction: Method and Preliminary Results.

Objectives: To introduce our modified technique for calcanization of the tibia in managing massive bony loss of hindfoot and preliminary outcomes.

Methods: From January 2015 to December 2021, modified calcanization of the tibia were performed in 10 patients with unilateral loss of the calcaneus. Clinical outcomes were assessed based on the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society score and Symptom Checklist-90-Revised questionnaire.

Development and Validation of a Deep-Learning Model to Predict Total Hip Replacement on Radiographs: The Total Hip Replacement Prediction (THREP) Model.

Background: There are few methods for accurately assessing the risk of total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with osteoarthritis. A novel and reliable method that could play a substantial role in research and clinical routine should be investigated. The purpose of the present study was to develop a deep-learning model that can reliably predict the risk of THA with use of radiographic images and clinical symptom data.

Resection Outcomes of Posttraumatic Elbow Heterotopic Ossification: Multicenter Case Series at a Minimum 5-Year Follow-Up.

Background: Heterotopic ossification (HO), a common complication after elbow trauma, causes severe limb disability. Resection is usually performed for posttraumatic elbow HO (PTEHO) to regain mobility, and although heavily reported, there has been no long-term (minimum, 5-year) follow-up.

Methods: A total of 173 patients who underwent PTEHO resection were followed up for a minimum of 5 years in 4 hospitals between January of 2015 and August of 2016.

KLF2/PPARγ axis contributes to trauma-induced heterotopic ossification by regulating mitochondrial dysfunction.

Trauma-induced heterotopic ossification (HO) is a complex disorder after musculoskeletal injury and characterized by aberrant extraskeletal bone formation. Recent studies shed light on critical role of dysregulated osteogenic differentiation in aberrant bone formation. Krupel-like factor 2 (KLF2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) are master adapter proteins that link cellular responses to osteogenesis; however, their roles and relationships in HO remain elusive.

Association Between Tranexamic Acid Use and Heterotopic Ossification Prevalence After Elbow Trauma Surgery: A Propensity-Score-Matched Cohort Study.

Background: Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a common complication of elbow trauma that can affect limb mobility. Inflammation is an initiating factor for HO formation. Tranexamic acid (TXA) can reduce the inflammatory response after orthopaedic surgery.

lncRNA MEG3 Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation of Tendon Stem Cells Via the miR-129-5p/TCF4/β-Catenin Axis and thus Contributes to Trauma-Induced Heterotopic Ossification.

Background: Heterotopic ossification (HO) is one of the most intractable conditions following injury to the musculoskeletal system. In recent years, much attention has been paid to the role of lncRNA in musculoskeletal disorders, but its role in HO was still unclear. Therefore, this study attempted to determine the role of lncRNA MEG3 in the formation of post-traumatic HO and further explore the underlying mechanisms.

STING contributes to trauma-induced heterotopic ossification through NLRP3-dependent macrophage pyroptosis.

Trauma-induced heterotopic ossification (HO) is featured by aberrant bone formation at extra-skeletal site. STING is a master adaptor protein linking cellular damage to immune responses, while its role in HO remains elusive. A murine burn/tenotomy model was used to mimic trauma-induced HO in vivo.

[The second dorsal metacarpal artery flap relaying the dorsal island flap of the index finger for the repair of soft tissue defect of thumb].

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of the second dorsal metacarpal artery fascial vascular pedicle retrograde island flap relaying the dorsal island flap of the index finger in repairing skin and soft tissue defects of the thumb.

Methods: The clinical data of 8 patients with skin and soft tissue defects of thumb between October 2019 and January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 3 males and 5 females with an average age of 35 years (range, 18-52 years).

Outcomes of Eight-Plate Epiphysiodesis for Residual Clubfoot Deformities.

Objective: The outcome of congenital clubfoot treatment is still challenging if the feet deformities are not completely corrected. Here we explore a minimal invasive procedure with an eight-plate implant to correct the residual forefoot adduction deformity after treatment of neglected or relapsed clubfoot.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with residual forefoot adduction deformity after clubfoot treatment between January 2013 and June 2016.

Novel use of close-wedge osteotomy and monorail external fixator in the treatment of chronic Monteggia fracture.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of close-wedge osteotomy and monorail external fixator in the treatment of chronic Monteggia fracture.

Patients And Methods: Between January 2014 and December 2021, data of a total of 22 patients (14 males, 8 females; mean age: 15.6±5.

Severe spaghetti wrist injury: Should we expand the terminology from wrist to proximal forearm?

Objectives: This study aims to point out the key principles for the management of multicomponent soft tissue injuries of the wrist and forearm to discuss whether we should expand the term "spaghetti" from the wrist to forearm in such terrifying cases.

Patients And Methods: Data from a total of 50 patients (44 males, 6 females; mean age: 48.5±25.

Hinge positioning method of Ilizarov apparatus in correcting radial head luxation caused by multiple hereditary exostoses.

Objectives: In this study, we present a specified hinge positioning method to achieve satisfying and steerable lengthening and angulation to correct forearm multiple hereditary exostoses (MHE) combined with severe radiocapitellar joint dislocation using Ilizarov ring fixators.

Patients And Methods: Between January 2014 and December 2018, a total of 30 forearms of 23 patients (11 males, 12 females; mean age: 18.3±6.

Bilateral triceps tendon approach is flexible and efficient in the treatment of type C distal humerus fractures.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess and compare elbow range of motion, triceps extension strength and functional results of type C (AO/OTA) distal humerus fractures treated with bilateral triceps tendon (BTT) approach and olecranon osteotomy (OO). At the same time, we are also trying to know whether BTT approach can provide sufficient vision for comminuted intra-articular fractures of the distal humerus, and whether it is convenient to convert to the treatment to total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) or OO.

Methods: Patients treated with OO and BTT approaches for type C distal humerus fractures between July 2014 and December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed.

Oriented inner fabrication of bi-layer biomimetic tendon sheath for anti-adhesion and tendon healing.

Introduction: Synthetic fibrous membranes unveil a promising field in anti-adhesion of tendons. Meanwhile, oriented nanofiber structures have been widely studied and used in the application of biomedical engineering, particularly in repairing and strengthening effects.

Methods: In this study, a bi-layer poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) electrospun membrane was fabricated, in which the inner oriented fibrous layer was designed to promote tendon healing while outer random aligned layer was designed to prevent peritendinous adhesion.

A new pathologic classification for elbow stiffness based on our experience in 216 patients.

Background: Elbow stiffness commonly causes functional impairment and upper-limb disability. This study aimed to develop a new pathologic classification to further understand and standardize elbow arthrolysis from a new perspective, as well as to determine clinical outcomes.

Methods: Extension-flexion dysfunction was classified into 4 types: EF, tethers alone; EF, tethers with blocks; EF, articular malformation; and EF, bony ankylosis.

Bifocal osteosynthesis to treat radial shortening deformity with dislocation of the inferior radioulnar joint.

Background: Several methods have been reported to correct deformity and shortening of the distal radius. However, the results are not entirely satisfactory. The results of bifocal osteosynthesis were retrospectively analyzed in this study.

Integrated analysis of long non-coding RNAs and mRNAs associated with peritendinous fibrosis.

The dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is associated with the development of various diseases. However, little is known about the regulatory function of lncRNAs in peritendinous fibrosis. Therefore, the expression profiles of lncRNAs and mRNAs in normal tendon and fibrotic peritendinous tissues were analyzed in this study using RNA sequencing.

Rapamycin Protects Against Peritendinous Fibrosis Through Activation of Autophagy.

Dysregulation of autophagy plays a pivotal role in fibrosis in multiple organs. However, the role of autophagy in peritendinous fibrosis is not well understood. Here, we hypothesize that autophagy plays a protective role in preventing adhesion formation.

Metformin prevents peritendinous fibrosis by inhibiting transforming growth factor-β signaling.

Injury-induced peritendinous adhesion is a critical clinical problem that leads to tendon function impairment. Therefore, it is very urgent to explore potential approaches to attenuate peritendinous adhesion formation. Recently, several studies have demonstrated the biological effect of metformin in inhibiting multiple tissue fibrosis.

Humeral lengthening and proximal deformity correction with monorail external fixator in young adults.

Purpose: Several humeral lengthening or simultaneous deformity corrections through one osteotomy using various external fixators were reported, while literature regarding correction of shortening and proximal varus deformity is scarce. This retrospective clinical study evaluated the results of preforming an acute correction and delayed lengthening in young adults through two osteotomies using monorail external fixator.

Methods: We report seven patients with various pathologies who underwent humeral proximal deformity correction and lengthening between 2009 and 2015.

RelA/p65 inhibition prevents tendon adhesion by modulating inflammation, cell proliferation, and apoptosis.

Peritendinous tissue fibrosis which leads to poor tendon function is a worldwide clinical problem; however, its mechanism remains unclear. Transcription factor RelA/p65, an important subunit in the NF-κB complex, is known to have a critical role in many fibrotic diseases. Here, we show that RelA/p65 functions as a core fibrogenic regulator in tendon adhesion and that its inhibition exerts an anti-fibrogenic effect on peritendinous adhesion.

miR-203 inhibits the traumatic heterotopic ossification by targeting Runx2.

Emerging evidence has indicated that dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) have an important role in bone formation. However, the pathophysiological role of miRNAs in traumatic heterotopic ossification (HO) remains to be elucidated. Using gene expression profile analyses and subsequent confirmation with real-time PCR assays, we identified the decreased expression of miRNA-203 (miR-203) and increased expression of Runx2 as responses to the development of traumatic HO.

[ROLE OF Smad4 ON FIBROSIS OF TENDON DERIVED FIBROBLASTS INDUCED BY TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR β BY TARGETED REGULATION OF miRNA219-5P].

Objective: To investigate the effect of Smad4 on the fibrosis of tendon derived fibroblasts (TDFs) induced by transforming growth factor β(TGF-β) by targeted regulation of miRNA219-5P (miR219-5P).

Methods: The tendons donated by the volunteers were harvested to isolate and culture TDFs. The 3rd generation cells were used for experiment.