Effects of the once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist dulaglutide on ambulatory blood pressure and heart rate in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus, are associated with small reductions in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and increases in heart rate. However, findings based on clinic measurements do not adequately assess a drug's 24-hour pharmacodynamic profile. The effects of dulaglutide, a once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, on BP and heart rate were investigated using ambulatory BP monitoring.

Impact of race/ethnicity on efficacy and safety of two starter insulin regimens in patients with type 2 diabetes: a posthoc analysis of the DURABLE trial.

Objective: To explore the impact of race/ethnicity on efficacy and safety of twice-daily insulin lispro mix 75/25 (LM75/25; 75% lispro protamine suspension, 25% insulin lispro) and once daily insulin glargine (GL).

Design, Setting, Patients: More than 2,000 Patients with type 2 diabetes enrolled in the 24-week initiation phase of the DURABLE Trial.

Main Outcome Measures: Efficacy and safety variables at endpoint, including hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), self-monitored plasma glucose (SMPG), and hypoglycemia, in each racial/ethnic group were compared to Caucasians within treatment groups.

Efficacy and safety of insulin lispro in obese patients with type 2 diabetes: a retrospective metaanalysis of 7 randomized controlled trials.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of insulin lispro in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) who had a body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2 (obese) compared with patients with BMIs <30 kg/m2 (nonobese).

Methods: A retrospective analysis of predefined end-points from 7 randomized clinical trials of T2DM patients treated with insulin lispro was performed. The primary efficacy measure was to assess the noninferiority of insulin lispro in obese patients versus nonobese patients as measured by the change in hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) from baseline to Month 3 (n = 1,518), using a noninferiority margin of 0.

Durability of glycemic control with insulin lispro mix 75/25 versus insulin glargine for older patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background And Aims: Few studies have evaluated long-term durability of glycemic control in older patients. The aim of this study was to compare durability of glycemic control of twice-daily insulin lispro mix 75/25 (LM75/25; 75 % insulin lispro protamine suspension, 25 % insulin lispro) and once-daily insulin glargine (GL) added to oral antihyperglycemic medications in older patients (≥65 years of age).

Methods: Patients were participants in the maintenance phase of the DURABLE trial.

Efficacy and safety of insulin lispro in geriatric patients with type 2 diabetes: a retrospective analysis of seven randomized controlled clinical trials.

Background And Aims: Glycemic control in geriatric patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) remains clinically challenging. The objective of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy of insulin lispro in patients C65 years (geriatric) to those\65 years (non-geriatric), using a metaanalysis of randomized controlled clinical trials (RCT).

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of predefined endpoints from an integrated database of seven RCTs of T2DM patients treated with insulin lispro.

Ethnic differences in glycemic markers in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Objective: Recent studies have reported hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) differences across ethnic groups that could limit its use in clinical practice. The authors of the A1C-Derived Average Glucose study have advocated to report HbA1c in estimated average glucose (AG) equivalents. The aim of this study was to assess the relationships between HbA1c and the mean of three 7-point self-monitored blood glucose (BG) profiles, and to assess whether estimated AG is an accurate measure of glycemia in different ethnic groups.

Understanding heterogeneity in response to antidiabetes treatment: a post hoc analysis using SIDES, a subgroup identification algorithm.

Background: Treatment response in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) varies because of different genotypic and phenotypic characteristics. Results of clinical trials are based largely on aggregated estimates of treatment effect rather than individualized outcomes. This research assessed heterogeneity and differential treatment response using the subgroup identification based on differential effect search (SIDES) algorithm with data from a large multinational study.

Potential for use of 1,5-anhydroglucitol when initiating insulin therapy in people with type 2 diabetes and suboptimal control with oral antidiabetic drugs.

Endpoint HbA(1c) <7.0% was achieved by 80 (73.4%) lispro mix 25 (LM25)-treated patients and 67 (60.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of high-dose human regular U-500 insulin versus human regular U-100 insulin in healthy obese subjects.

Objective: Human regular U-500 (U-500R) insulin (500 units/mL) is increasingly being used clinically, yet its pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) have not been well studied. Therefore, we compared PK and PD of clinically relevant doses of U-500R with the same doses of human regular U-100 (U-100R) insulin (100 units/mL).

Research Design And Methods: This was a single-site, randomized, double-blind, crossover euglycemic clamp study.

Concomitant oral antihyperglycemic agent use and associated treatment outcomes after initiation of insulin therapy.

Objective: To compare outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes initiating insulin lispro mix 75/25 (75% insulin lispro protamine suspension and 25% lispro) or insulin glargine therapy, stratified by baseline oral antihyperglycemic agent (OHA) use.

Methods: We performed a post hoc analysis of 6-month data from the DURABLE clinical trial, which enrolled patients with hemoglobin A1c (A1C) levels >7.0% treated with 2 or more OHAs (metformin, sulfonylurea, and thiazolidinedione), and randomly assigned them to treatment with twice-daily insulin lispro 75/25 or once-daily glargine.

The DURAbility of Basal versus Lispro mix 75/25 insulin Efficacy (DURABLE) trial: comparing the durability of lispro mix 75/25 and glargine.

Objective: This study compared the durability of glycemic control of twice-daily insulin lispro mix 75/25 (LM75/25: 75% insulin lispro protamine suspension/25% lispro) and once-daily insulin glargine, added to oral antihyperglycemic drugs in type 2 diabetes patients.

Research Design And Methods: During the initiation phase, patients were randomized to LM75/25 or glargine. After 6 months, patients with A1C ≤ 7.

DURAbility of basal versus lispro mix 75/25 insulin efficacy (DURABLE) trial 24-week results: safety and efficacy of insulin lispro mix 75/25 versus insulin glargine added to oral antihyperglycemic drugs in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Objective: To compare the ability of two starter insulin regimens to achieve glycemic control in a large, ethnically diverse population with type 2 diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: During the initiation phase of the DURABLE trial, patients were randomized to a twice-daily lispro mix 75/25 (LM75/25; 75% lispro protamine suspension, 25% lispro) (n = 1,045) or daily glargine (GL) (n = 1,046) with continuation of prestudy oral antihyperglycemic drugs.

Results: Baseline A1C was similar (LM75/25: 9.