Characteristics of Soluble PD-L1 and PD-1 Expression and Their Correlations With Immune Status and Prognosis in Advanced Lung Cancer.

Purpose: Our study aims to evaluate the characteristics of serum soluble PD-1 (sPD-1) and soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) levels and their correlations with immune status and prognosis in advanced lung cancer patients.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with advanced lung cancer based on histology or cytology in Peking University People's Hospital from July 2020 to November 2021 were enrolled. Clinicopathological data were recorded and analyzed.

Paclitaxel liposome (Lipusu) based chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a multicenter, retrospective real-world study.

Background: Paclitaxel liposome (Lipusu) is known to be effective in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as first-line treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of paclitaxel liposome based chemotherapy plus PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor in patients with advanced NSCLC.

Methods: In this multicenter, retrospective, real-world study, patients with advanced NSCLC who were administered paclitaxel liposome based chemotherapy plus PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor in three centers (Peking University People's Hospital as the lead center) in China between 2016 and 2022 were included.

Metabolic landscape dysregulation in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis.

Background: Checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP) is a potentially fatal adverse event resulting from immunotherapy in patients with malignant tumors. However, the pathogenesis of CIP remains poorly understood.

Methods: We collected bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from cohorts of patients with CIP, new-onset lung cancer (LC), and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).

Prognostic Factors and Survival Benefits of Antitumor Treatments for Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients With Central Nervous System Metastasis With or Without Driver Genes: A Chinese Single-Center Cohort Study.

Background: The prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with central nervous system (CNS) metastasis is poor. The treatment for CNS metastasis could prolong the overall survival of NSCLC patients. We aimed to investigate the prognostic factors of Chinese NSCLC patients with CNS metastasis and the survival benefits of various treatments for CNS metastasis in NSCLC patients with or without driver genes.

Characterization of Somatic Mutations That Affect Neoantigens in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Purpose: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have recently emerged as an important option for treating patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Neoantigens are important biomarkers and potential immunotherapy targets that play important roles in the prognosis and treatment of patients with NSCLC. This study aimed to evaluate and characterize the relationships between somatic mutations and potential neoantigens in specimens from patients who underwent surgical treatment for NSCLC.

Prognostic impact of maximum standardized uptake value on F-FDG PET/CT imaging of the primary lung lesion on survival in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: A retrospective study.

Background: Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has been recognized for diagnosing and staging lung cancer, but the prognostic value of standardized uptake value (SUV) on F-FDG PET/CT imaging in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains controversial.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of patients with advanced NSCLC who had undergone F-FDG PET/CT before systemic treatment between June 2012 and June 2016. The relationship between the maximum SUV (SUVmax) of the pulmonary lesion and lesion size was evaluated via Spearman's correlation analysis.

[Clinical-radiological-pathological Characteristics of 297 Cases of Surgical Pathology Confirmed Benign Pulmonary Lesions in Which Malignancy Could Not Be Excluded in Preoperative Assessment: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis in a Single Chinese Hospital].

Background: Low dose computed tomography (LDCT) for lung cancer screening is widely employed in China as a result of increasing cancer screening awareness. Although some pulmonary lesions detected by LDCT are cancerous, most of the pulmonary nodules are benign. It is important to make effective preoperative differentiation of pulmonary lesions and to obviate the need for surgery in some patients with benign disease.

Clinicopathological characteristics of lung cancer in patients with systemic sclerosis.

Background And Objectives: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a connective tissue disorder (CTD) associated with an increased risk of malignancy including lung cancer (LC). Our objective was to provide a description of demographics and clinicopathological characteristics of LC patients with SSc.

Methods: Lung cancer patients with SSc admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2000 to August 2017 were reviewed.

MET Oncogene in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Mechanism of MET Dysregulation and Agents Targeting the HGF/c-Met Axis.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide and has a poor prognosis. Current treatments for advanced NSCLC included traditional chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. The efficacy of targeted therapy relies on oncogene addiction.

Patterns of response in metastatic NSCLC during PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitor therapy: Comparison of the RECIST 1.1 and iRECIST criteria.

Background: Immunotherapy plays an important role in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, radiological evaluation is challenging due to the potential inflammatory effects of immunotherapy, which can lead to atypical response patterns. Identifying these atypical responses is critical to making treatment decisions and prognostication.

Prospect of immunotherapy combined with anti-angiogenic agents in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

In the latest years, some drugs have been approved by European Medicines Agency (EMA) and/or the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), particularly for the treatment of those who have no targeted gene mutations or who have progressed on previously targeted therapy or platinum-containing dual-agent chemotherapy. In general, these drugs fall into two categories: anti-angiogenic agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Anti-angiogenic agents currently approved by the FDA and/or EMA for advanced NSCLC treatment include bevacizumab, nintedanib, and ramucirumab.

Elevated levels of pre-treatment lactate dehydrogenase are an unfavorable predictor factor in patients with EML4-ALK rearrangement non-small cell lung cancer treated with crizotinib.

Background: Targeted therapy is an important treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with specific genetic mutations, crizotinib can prolong survival in advanced NSCLC patients with echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4-anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EML4-ALK) rearrangement. We performed a retrospective analysis to investigate the association between the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with EML4-ALK rearrangement NSCLC receiving treatment with crizotinib.

Methods: Advanced (stage IIIb-IV) NSCLC patients with EML4-ALK rearrangement receiving treatment with crizotinib were enrolled between January 2007 and January 2016 at Peking Union Medical College and Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.

Impact of crizotinib on long-term survival of -positive advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: A Chinese multicenter cohort study.

Objective: Crizotinib has demonstrated promising efficacy in patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase ()-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in clinical trials. We conducted this retrospective multicenter study to assess the outcomes of crizotinib therapy in, to our knowledge, a large sample cohort of patients with -positive advanced NSCLC.

Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 484 unselected -positive NSCLC patients treated with crizotinib at 5 cancer centers in China from January 2013 to November 2017.

Efficacy of Crizotinib for Advanced ALK-Rearranged Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients with Brain Metastasis: A Multicenter, Retrospective Study in China.

Background: The efficacy of crizotinib for anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-rearranged non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with brain metastasis is controversial. Real-world research data are needed as further evidence.

Objective: We conducted a multicenter, retrospective study to explore how crizotinib affects the control of brain metastasis and the survival outcomes among Chinese patients.

Clinical features and outcomes of ALK rearranged non-small cell lung cancer with primary resistance to crizotinib.

Background: Crizotinib is associated with a favorable survival benefit in patients with ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, a subset of patients harboring ALK rearrangement shows a poor response.

Methods: We collected the clinical features and survival outcomes of 28 primary-resistant responders (PRR) with progression-free survival (PFS) of < 3 months on crizotinib and compared these with 78 long-term responders (LTR) that achieved > 24 months PFS (control).

Results: Primary resistance was observed in 6.

Immunotherapy combined with epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors in non-small-cell lung cancer treatment.

In recent years, targeted therapy and immunotherapy have played important roles in the treatment of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Drugs that target epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations (eg, gefitinib, erlotinib, icotinib, and osimertinib) are among the most commonly used targeted therapies. Afatinib is an irreversible second-generation EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), and the LUX-Lung 3 trial demonstrated the superiority of afatinib to cisplatin and pemetrexed in the frontline treatment of treatment-naïve patients with advanced EGFR mutation adenocarcinoma of the lung.

Clinicopathological features of lung cancer in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a connective tissue disorder (CTD) associated with an increased risk of malignancy including lung cancer (LC).

Methods: Clinicopathologic characteristics of LC patients with RA and without systemic CTD were compared to identify the potential differences. A further intra-group comparison was conducted in LC patients with RA according to smoking status to explore the effect of smoking on the clinicopathologic characteristics of LC patients with RA.

PI3K in cancer: its structure, activation modes and role in shaping tumor microenvironment.

The role of PI3K in cancer has been well established, and mutations of PIK3CA, the gene coding for catalytic subunit p110α of PI3K, are found in approximately 30% human cancers. The hyperactivated PI3K pathway plays a central role in the tumor cell activities such as proliferation, differentiation, chemotaxis, survival, trafficking and metabolism. Besides, PI3K pathway is involved in the regulation of angiogenesis and the host immune response against cancer.

[Mechanism of c-MET in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer and Its Treatment and Testing].

Hepatocyte growth factor/c-MET (HGF/c-MET) signaling pathway can be abnormal activated by many mechanisms such as c-MET mutation, amplification and the overexpression of HGF, and it plays an important role in the development of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as well as in the tolerance of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) in NSCLC. Therefore, c-MET is a new molecular target for the therapy of NSCLC since EGFR and ALK. At present, although the c-MET inhibitors have shown a potential prospect in some clinical trials, its assessment of safety and effectiveness in clinical applications, and the choice of testing methods and standards still need a further discussion.