Airway mucous cell metaplasia is a significant feature of many chronic airway diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis and asthma. However, the mechanisms underlying this process remain poorly understood. Here, we employed in vivo mouse genetic models to demonstrate that Hippo and p53 (encoded by Trp53) cooperate to modulate the differentiation of club cells into goblet cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe objective of our study was to use quantum dots for the purpose of seeing and detecting C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) inside the tissue of sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) and primary tumors. This endeavor aimed to enhance the accuracy of predicting the condition of non-sentinel lymph nodes and provide valuable insights for making informed treatment choices. We analyzed breast cancer patients who underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy followed by axillary lymph node removal due to one or two positive sentinel lymph nodes at the Second People's Hospital of Wuhu, China, between August 2018 and July 2022.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Pharm Sin B
November 2023
Autophagy is a cellular process in which proteins and organelles are engulfed in autophagosomal vesicles and transported to the lysosome/vacuole for degradation. Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) play a crucial role at many stages of autophagy, which present formidable but attainable targets for autophagy regulation. Moreover, selective regulation of PPIs tends to have a lower risk in causing undesired off-target effects in the context of a complicated biological network.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe aimed to investigate the role of combined apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) values in the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients. The present prospective research enrolled 156 MCI patients and 58 healthy elderly people who came to our hospital from January 2021 to February 2023. T1W, T2W, diffusion-weighted imaging, and arterial spin labeling sequences were performed on all subjects, and ADC values and rCBF values were measured at the workstation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Carcinosarcomas of the common bile duct (CBD) are an extremely rare finding in the clinical setting. Based on a review of 12 literatures, 3 cases had the imaging features of ossification. Carcinosarcomas are prone to distant metastasis, as they possess clinical features of both carcinoma and sarcoma, and generally have with a poor prognosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOne possible strategy for modulating autophagy is to disrupt the critical protein-protein interactions (PPIs) formed during this process. Our attention is on the autophagy-related 12 (ATG12)-autophagy-related 5 (ATG5)-autophagy-related 16-like 1 (ATG16L1) heterotrimer complex, which is responsible for ATG8 translocation from ATG3 to phosphatidylethanolamine. In this work, we discovered a compound with an ()-3-(2-furanylmethylene)-2-pyrrolidinone core moiety () that blocked the ATG5-ATG16L1 and ATG5-TECAIR interactions in the in vitro binding assay (IC = 1-2 μM) and also exhibited autophagy inhibition in cellular assays.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBRCA2 is crucial for repairing DNA double-strand breaks with high fidelity, and loss of BRCA2 increases the risks of developing breast and ovarian cancers. Herein, we show that BRCA2 is inactively mutated in 10% of gastric and 7% of colorectal adenocarcinomas, and that this inactivation is significantly correlated with microsatellite instability. Villin-driven Brca2 depletion promotes mouse gastrointestinal tumor formation when genome instability is increased.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is one of the most prominent deacetylases that can regulate acetylation levels in mitochondria, which are essential for eukaryotic life and inextricably linked to the metabolism of multiple organs. Hitherto, SIRT3 has been substantiated to be involved in almost all aspects of mitochondrial metabolism and homeostasis, protecting mitochondria from a variety of damage. Accumulating evidence has recently documented that SIRT3 is associated with many types of human diseases, including age-related diseases, cancer, heart disease and metabolic diseases, indicating that SIRT3 can be a potential therapeutic target.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAutophagy, defined as a scavenging process of protein aggregates and damaged organelles mediated by lysosomes, plays a significant role in the quality control of macromolecules and organelles. Since protein kinases are integral to the autophagy process, it is critically important to understand the role of kinases in autophagic regulation. At present, intervention of autophagic processes by small-molecule modulators targeting specific kinases has becoming a reasonable and prevalent strategy for treating several varieties of human disease, especially cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Emerging evidence has shown that miR-1275 plays a critical role in tumour metastasis and the progression of various types of cancer. In this study, we analysed the role and mechanism of miR-1275 in the progression and prognosis of gastric cancer (GC).
Methods: Target genes of miR-1275 were identified and verified by luciferase assay and Western blotting.
Background: Gamma glutamylcyclotransferase (GGCT) has been proved to be involved in various cancers, but the biological function of GGCT in gastric cancer is still largely unknown.
Methods: The expression level of GGCT was evaluated by informatics analyses based on the Oncomine database. GGCT gene was then effectively knocked down via lentivirus mediated short hairpin RNA (shRNA) system.
Aim: To investigate the difference in long-term outcomes between gastric cancer patients with and without a primary symptom of overt bleeding (OB).
Methods: Consecutive patients between January 1, 2007 and March 1, 2012 were identified retrospectively by reviewing a gastric cancer database at Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. A follow-up examination was performed on patients who underwent a radical gastrectomy.
Background: This study aimed to examine the clinical significance of fatty acid synthase (FASN) expression in gastric cancer (GC), and investigate any prognostic role.
Materials And Methods: FASN expression was assessed in gastric cancers by immunohistochemistry using 60 paraffin-embedded tissue specimens, and clinical data were collected by retrospective chart review. Moreover, FASN mRNA expression in 15 fresh resected specimens was evaluated by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
Microarray studies revealed down-regulation of PCDH9 mRNA level in lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer compared with the primary tumors. The expression of PCDH9 protein and its clinicopathological relevance were assessed on tissue microarrays of 1072 cases of gastric cancer. Its prognostic value was further evaluated on a small cohort of 175 gastric cancers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) has been proven to play critical roles in inflammation as well as in cancer. Some studies have shown that the anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive and anti-arthritic effects of celecoxib are mainly attributed to the inhibition of COX-2 expression. The present study aimed to investigate the function of COX-2 in human gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide. CD86 (B7-2) is a costimulatory molecule on antigen-presenting cells and plays critical roles in tumor immunity. It has been reported that polymorphisms in CD86 gene can be involved in the development of various cancers.
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