Mechanistic Study of Novel Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV Inhibitory Peptides from Goat's Milk Based on Peptidomics and In Silico Analysis.

Two novel dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitory peptides (YPF and LLLP) were discovered from goat milk protein by peptidomics, in silico analysis, and in vitro assessment. A total of 698 peptides (<23 AA) were successfully identified by LC-MS/MS from goat milk hydrolysates (hydrolyzed by papaian plus proteinase K). Then, 105 potential DPP-IV inhibitory peptides were screened using PeptideRanker, the ToxinPred tool, Libdock, iDPPIV-SCM, and sequence characteristics.

Insights into the Protein Differentiation Mechanism between Jinhua Fatty Ham and Lean Ham through Label-Free Proteomics.

Jinhua lean ham (LH), a dry-cured ham made from the defatted hind legs of pigs, has become increasingly popular among consumers with health concerns. However, the influence of fat removal on the quality of Jinhua ham is still not fully understood. Therefore, a label-free proteomics strategy was used to explore the protein differential profile between Jinhua fatty ham (FH) and lean ham (LH).

Identification, characterization, and insights into the mechanism of novel dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitory peptides from yak hemoglobin by in silico exploration, molecular docking, and in vitro assessment.

Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitory peptides were screened and identified from yak hemoglobin for the first time by in silico analysis, molecular docking, and in vitro evaluation. Results showed that yak hemoglobin had a high potential to produce DPP-IV inhibitory peptides based on the sequence alignment and bioactive potential evaluation. Furthermore, "pancreatic elastase + stem bromelain" was the optimal combined-enzymatic strategy by simulated proteolysis.

Selection of goat β-casein derived ACE-inhibitory peptide SQPK and insights into its effect and regulatory mechanism on the function of endothelial cells.

The angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory peptide SQPK was selected by in silico digestion and virtual screening from goat β-casein, and its effect and regulatory mechanism on function of endothelial cells was further evaluated. The results showed that SQPK exhibited relatively good ACE inhibition capacity (IC = 452.7 μg/mL).

The Effects and Regulatory Mechanism of Casein-Derived Peptide VLPVPQK in Alleviating Insulin Resistance of HepG2 Cells.

The liver plays a key role in keeping the homeostasis of glucose and lipid metabolism. Insulin resistance of the liver induced by extra glucose and lipid ingestion contributes greatly to chronic metabolic disease, which is greatly threatening to human health. The small peptide, VLPVPQK, originating from casein hydrolysates of milk, shows various health-promoting functions.

Effects of chitosan coating combined with thermal treatment on physicochemical properties, bacterial diversity and volatile flavor of braised duck meat during refrigerated storage.

The current study aimed to assess the impact of chitosan coating (0.005 g/mL) combined with thermal treatment (85 °C for 30 min) on tenderness, lipid and protein oxidation, bacterial diversity, and volatile flavor compounds in braised duck leg meat under vacuum packaging during refrigerated storage (4 °C for 15 days). The findings revealed that the three preserved treatments significantly increased tenderness from days 1 to 3.

Physicochemical property, volatile flavor quality, and microbial community composition of Jinhua fatty ham and lean ham: A comparative study.

The physicochemical property, volatile flavor compounds, and microbial community structure of Jinhua fatty ham (FH) and lean ham (LH) were investigated and compared by high-throughput sequencing and HS-GC-IMS. Results showed that FH had higher pH and slightly lighter and yellower color than LH. Meanwhile, 33 volatile flavor compounds were identified from FH and LH, among which LH showed higher abundance of total alcohols and acids, but FH had generally richer aldehydes, ketones, esters, heterocyclic, and sulfur-containing compounds.

Co-encapsulation of resveratrol in fish oil microcapsules optimally stabilized by enzyme-crosslinked whey protein with gum Arabic.

O/W emulsion and its spray-dried microcapsule contain the oil phase and the protein matrix, providing the potential to co-encapsulate different antioxidants. However, antioxidants were generally encapsulated in the oil phase of microcapsule, its protein matrix is rarely used. It is first to prove the possibility to encapsulate resveratrol in the emulsified oil droplets at high wall/core ratios.

In vitro digestion and fermentation combined with microbiomics and metabolomics reveal the mechanism of superfine yak bone powder regulating lipid metabolism by altering human gut microbiota.

The effects of superfine yak bone powder (YBP) on human gut microbiota (HGM) were investigated by in vitro digestion and fermentation combined with microbiomics and metabolomics. Results showed that size reduction and protein structural degradation during digestion allowed superfine YBP to release more Ca than CaCO powders with similar particle size. Moreover, the indigestible YBP further influenced HGM and was associated with increased occurrence of beneficial bacteria such as Megasphaera spp.

Effects of micro-/nano-scaled chicken bones on heat-induced gel properties of low-salt pork batter: Physicochemical characteristics, water distribution, texture, and microstructure.

The effect and mechanism of micro-/nano-scaled (MCB/NCB) chicken bones on improved gel properties of low-salt (0.5%) pork batters (LSPB) were investigated. Results showed that the Ca released from MCB/NCB induced protein conformational transition of LSPB from α-helix and β-turn to random coil, which facilitated the orderly protein aggregation, resulting in the formation of denser and more uniform gel network.

Effect of κ-carrageenan addition on protein structure and gel properties of salted duck egg white.

Background: Salted duck egg white (SDEW) is a major by-product during salted egg yolk manufacturing. Due to the high salt concentration, SDEW has not been efficiently utilized. Moreover, functional properties of SDEW are altered by salt during pickling.

Microencapsulation of immunoglobulin Y: optimization with response surface morphology and controlled release during simulated gastrointestinal digestion.

Immunoglobulin Y (IgY) is an effective orally administered antibody used to protect against various intestinal pathogens, but which cannot tolerate the acidic gastric environment. In this study, IgY was microencapsulated by alginate (ALG) and coated with chitooligosaccharide (COS). A response surface methodology was used to optimize the formulation, and a simulated gastrointestinal (GI) digestion (SGID) system to evaluate the controlled release of microencapsulated IgY.

Prebiotic oligosaccharides change the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids and the microbial population of mouse bowel.

The purpose of this study was to clarify effects of selected oligosaccharides on concentrations of cecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), total large bowel wet weight and wall weight, and cecal microbiota levels in mice. Mice were respectively given gavage of selected fructooligosaccharides (FOS), galactooligosaccharides (GOS), mannanoligosaccharides (MOS), and chitooligosaccharides (COS) [1000 mg/(kg body weight.d)].

Fatty acid profiles of muscle from large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea R.) of different age.

We investigated the fatty acid profiles of muscle from large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea R.) of different age. One- and two-year-old fish were cultured in floating net cages and sampled randomly for analysis.

Influence of dietary conjugated linoleic acid on growth, fatty acid composition and hepatic lipogenesis in large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea R.).

We examined the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on growth, fatty acid composition and enzyme activity of fatty acid oxidation in the liver of large yellow croaker. We divided 1600 fish (average initial weight 150 g) into 4 groups and reared them in 8 cages. Four dietary treatments were formulated to contain 0%, 1%, 2% and 4% (w/w) CLA, respectively.

Effects of fish protein hydrolysate on growth performance and humoral immune response in large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea R.).

We investigated the effects of fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) on growth performance and humoral immune response of the large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea R.). One thousand and two hundred large yellow croakers [initial average weight: (162.