Eurycomanone stimulates bone mineralization in zebrafish larvae and promotes osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells by upregulating AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling.

Background: Eurycomanone (EN) is a diterpenoid compound isolated from the roots of (). Previous studies have confirmed that can enhance bone regeneration and bone strength. We previously isolated and identified ten quassinoids from , and the result displayed that five aqueous extracts have the effects on promotion of bone formation, among whom EN showed the strongest activity.

Quassinoids from Eurycoma longifolia and their bone formation evaluation in zebrafish, C3H10 cells and silico.

Phytochemicals with bone formation potential in traditional medicines captured more and more attentions due to their advantages to bone loss and fewer side effects. As a famous aphrodisiac phytomedicine, Eurycoma longifolia (EL) has acquired general recognition in improving male sexual health, and thus been considered as traditional medicine for the treatment of androgen-deficient osteoporosis. Although the aqueous extract of EL had been proved to be beneficial to bone loss, the active constituents and the mechanisms underlying the effects are still obscure.

Anti-Osteogenic Effect of Danshensu in Ankylosing Spondylitis: An Study Based on Integrated Network Pharmacology.

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by abnormal bone metabolism, with few effective treatments available. Danshensu [3-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl) lactic acid) is a bioactive compound from traditional Chinese medicine with a variety of pharmacologic effects. In the present study, we investigated the pharmacologic effect and molecular mechanism of Danshensu in AS.

Pteisolic acid G, a novel ent-kaurane diterpenoid, inhibits viability and induces apoptosis in human colorectal carcinoma cells.

Human colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of cancer morbidity and mortality, and its incidence rates are increasing in economical transitioning areas globally. To develop efficient chemotherapy drugs for CRC, the present study isolated and identified a novel -kaurane diterpenoid from , termed pterisolic acid G (PAG). This -kaurane diterpenoid was demonstrated to significantly inhibit the growth of human CRC HCT116 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner, determined using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay.

Dalbinol, a rotenoid from Amorpha fruticosa L., exerts anti-proliferative activity by facilitating β-catenin degradation in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly malignant tumor, and the main cause of treatment failure is malignant proliferation. Aberrations in Wnt/β-catenin signaling are associated with HCC development. Despite the improvements in overall survival made over the past decade from the advent of molecularly targeted therapies, these treatments do not have efficacy in all patients with different pathogeneses.

Cytotoxic rotenoid glycosides from the seeds of Amorpha fruticosa.

Four new rotenoid glycosides, namely amorphaside A-D (1-4), along with four known ones (5-8) were isolated from the seeds of Amorpha fruticosa. Their chemical structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by HRESIMS, NMR and CD spectra, as well as deduction from biosynthesis route. The sugar units were determined by acid hydrolysis, appropriate derivatization and HPLC analysis.

[Study of immunogenicity of chlorogenic acid-BSA with different number of CGA].

Objective: To investigate the immunogenicity of chlorogenic acid-BSA(CGA-BSA) and the foundation for the allergization of CGA-BSA.

Method: The CGA-BSA with different number of CGA was synthesized to allergize the BALB/c mice and SD rats to get antiserum. The level of IgE and histamine was analyzed by ELISA, and the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) test was carried to analyze the antibody titer.

[Study on sensitization and mechanism of CGA-BSA].

Objective: To investigate the sensitization and mechanism of artificial antigen of chlorogenic acid (CGA-BSA).

Method: Using intensive immunization to establish allergy animal model on guinea pig and preparing antiserum and tissue for further test. Using HE staining to observe pathology change of lungs, trachea, liver.

Antidepressant-like effects of 3,6'-disinapoyl sucrose on hippocampal neuronal plasticity and neurotrophic signal pathway in chronically mild stressed rats.

Recent studies suggest that the behavioral effects of chronic antidepressant treatment are mediated by stimulation of hippocampal neuronal plasticity and neurogenesis. The present study was designed to examine the effects of 3,6'-disinapoyl sucrose (DISS), a bioactive component of Polygala tenuifolia Willd, on the expressions of four plasticity-associated genes: cell adhesion molecule L1 (CAM-L1), laminin, cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hippocampus, all of which are involved in neuronal plasticity and neurite outgrowth. We confirmed that chronic stress in rats caused a reduction in sensitivity to reward (sucrose consumption) and a decrease in mRNA levels of CAM-L1, laminin, and BDNF, together with a decrease in protein levels of phosphorylated CREB and BDNF.

[Effects of cembrane-type diterpenes on proliferation of PC12 cells and their antagonistic effects on neurotoxicity induced by glutamate].

Objective: To investigate the effects of cembrane-type diterpenes extracted from Sinularia flexibilis on the proliferation of PC12 cells and their protective effects on PC12 cells exposed to glutamate.

Methods: Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) method was adopted to observe the effects of cembrane-type diterpenes (compound 1, compound 2 and compound 3) on the proliferation of PC12 cells. And the protective effects of the three compounds on PC12 cells exposed to glutamate were also detected by MTT.

A bioactive compound from Polygala tenuifolia regulates efficiency of chronic stress on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.

3,6'-Disinapoyl sucrose (DISS) is the active oligosaccharide ester component from roots of Polygala tenuifolia, and its antidepressant effects was found in the forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST). We aimed to study the antidepressant effects of DISS in the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CMS) model in rats and explore the underlying mechanisms in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. We found that when subjected to the chronic stress protocol for 28 days, animals showed reduced sensitivity to reward and abnormality in the HPA axis.

[Antidepressant-like effects of piperine and its neuroprotective mechanism].

Objective: To observe the antidepressant effect of piperine and its neuroprotective mechanism.

Method: The behavioral studies were performed in forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST). To further explore the mechanisms underlying their antidepressant-like activities, CORT-induced neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells and isolated and cultured neural progenitor cells.

[Antidepressant effects of piperine and its neuroprotective mechanism in rats].

Objective: To study the antidepressant effects of piperine in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) rats and to explore the underlying mechanisms in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.

Methods: Fifty rats were housed alone and exposed to an unpredicted sequence of mild stressors to induce CUMS, and then were divided into untreated group, desipramine group and low-, medium- and high-dose piperine groups. Another 10 normal rats were used as normal control.

[Study on antidepressant components of sucrose ester from Polygala tenuifolia].

Objective: To investigate the antidepressant components of Polygala tenuifolia.

Method: The chromatographic method was used to isolate and purify the chemical constituents, their structures were identified by spectral analysis, MTT method was applied to investigate their cytotoxic activities.

Result: Nine compounds were isolated from the roots of P.

Optical nonlinearity of nanocrystalline Au/ZnO composite films.

The third-order nonlinear optical susceptibilities, chi(3), of composite films consisting of nanocrystalline Au and ZnO particles were investigated by use of a degenerate four-wave mixing scheme. The maximum value of chi(3), measured at a laser wavelength of 532 nm and a pulse duration of 70 ps, was approximately 2 x 10(-6) esu. Also, this chi(3) value was achieved with small absorption (the surface-plasmon peak was at the 615-nm wavelength).