Nickel-catalyzed reductive cross-coupling of difluoromethylated secondary alkyl bromides with organohalides.

We present a highly efficient and versatile nickel-catalyzed protocol for the reductive cross-coupling of unactivated CFH-substituted electrophiles with a wide variety of aryl and alkenyl halides. This novel approach offers high catalytic reactivity and broad functional group compatibility, enabling late-stage fluoroalkylation of drug molecules.

Atomistic dynamics of elimination and substitution driven by entrance channel.

E2 elimination and SN2 substitution reactions are of central importance in preparative organic synthesis due to their stereospecificity. Herein, atomistic dynamics of a prototype reaction of ethyl chloride with hydroxide ion are uncovered that show strikingly distinct features from the case with fluoride anion. Chemical dynamics simulations reproduce the experimental reaction rate and reveal that the E2 proceeding through a direct elimination mechanism dominates over SN2 for the hydroxide ion reaction.

Association between life's essential 8 and periodontitis in U.S. adults.

Periodontitis is closely related to lifestyle habits. Our objective was to examine the relationship between the Life's Essential 8 (LE8) and the prevalence of periodontitis in American adults. This study used data from the 2009-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Development of a machine learning model in prediction of the rapid progression of interstitial lung disease in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy.

Background: Rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (RP-ILD) significantly impacts the prognosis of patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM). High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is a crucial noninvasive technique for evaluating interstitial lung disease (ILD). Utilizing quantitative computed tomography (QCT) enables accurate quantification of disease severity and evaluation of prognosis, thereby serving as a crucial computer-aided diagnostic method.

Roundabout Mechanism of Ion-Molecule Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions.

Roundabout (RA) is an important indirect mechanism for gas-phase X + CHY → XCH + Y S2 reactions at a high collision energy. It refers to the rotation of the CH-group by half or multiple circles upon the collision of incoming nucleophiles before substitution takes place. The RA mechanism was first discovered in the Cl + CHI S2 reaction to explain the energy transfer observed in crossed molecular beam imaging experiments in 2008.

Causal effect of gut microbiota on venous thromboembolism: a two-sample mendelian randomization study.

Background: The gut microbiota of venous thromboembolism (VTE) patients exhibited significant alterations. However, the causal relationship between gut microbiota and VTE has not been fully understood. This study aimed to assess the causal relationship between gut microbiota and the risk of VTE using a two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) study.

Exosomal long non-coding RNA-LINC00839 promotes lung adenocarcinoma progression by activating NF-κB signaling pathway.

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma is the most common type of lung cancer, accounting for approximately 40% of all lung cancer cases, and has the highest incidence among lung cancer subtypes. Recent studies have suggested that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in the initiation and progression of lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods: Based on integrative analysis through databases, we screened Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 00839 (LINC00839) as one of the most highly upregulated lncRNAs in lung adenocarcinoma.

The Investigation on the Reactivity and the Formation of Halogen Bond Complexes for the Reactions of α-Nucleophiles XO (X = F, *Cl, Br, I) and CHCHCl.

Precise prediction of reactivity and accurately identifying the types of reaction complexes are prerequisites for delineating the microscopic mechanisms of ion-molecule reactions, which remain unclear for reactions involving α-nucleophilic reagents. Here, we investigate the potential energy surface of the multiatomic reactions XO (X = F, *Cl, Br, I) + CHCHCl to elucidate the optimal descriptors for reaction reactivity and the origin of halogen bond/hydrogen bond compounds. Through analyzing the orbital composition and the relationship of energy barriers with the proton affinity and nucleophilic index, the local nucleophilic index is ultimately determined to be the optimal descriptor for predicting the reactivity of the reactions with α-nucleophilic reagents.

A Trade-off between Solvation and Collision Activation in Steering Competing E2 and S2 Dynamics.

The prototypical E2 elimination and S2 substitution reactions between microsolvated fluoride and ethyl bromide show unexpected dynamic behaviors in mechanistic evolution driven by solvation and collision activation. Considering the steric effects, the gas-phase selectivity favors an E2 pathway barely dependent on collision energies. Remarkably, base solvation steers the reaction in an effective way toward substitution at a near-thermal energy, whereas the governing high-energy events retain elimination.

Machine learning-driven discovery of high-performance MEMS disk resonator gyroscope structural topologies.

The design of the microelectromechanical system (MEMS) disc resonator gyroscope (DRG) structural topology is crucial for its physical properties and performance. However, creating novel high-performance MEMS DRGs has long been viewed as a formidable challenge owing to their enormous design space, the complexity of microscale physical effects, and time-consuming finite element analysis (FEA). Here, we introduce a new machine learning-driven approach to discover high-performance DRG topologies.

Construction of novel π-bridged fluorescent probes for Fe monitoring in living cells and foods.

Fe plays a crucial role in biological systems as an essential trace element in the body. Iron is absorbed by the body through food and Fe is also an important component of living cells; therefore, quantitative testing of Fe in food and in living cells is of great importance. This paper presents the development of a novel π-bridge EDOT-based N-oxide turn-on fluorescent probe, designated as FeE, for the detection of Fe.

Fully integrated sensor array for additives, permittivity, and pH monitoring for fishery.

Additive abuse in fishery, such as tricaine methanesulfonate (MS222), ciprofloxacin (CPFX), and malachite green (MG), threatens public human health and interferes with the ecological equilibrium of water resources. However, the majority of the present detection methods suffer from high costs, complex operations, and poor portability. Therefore, real-time and rapid detection of the above additive by mobile devices is becoming increasingly important.

Ubiquitin-Specific Protease 22 Plays a Key Role in Increasing Extracellular Vesicle Secretion and Regulating Cell Motility of Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are potential biomarkers for tumors, but their reliable molecular targets have not been identified. The previous study confirms that ubiquitin-specific protease 22 (USP22) promotes lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) metastasis in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, USP22 regulates endocytosis of tumor cells and localizes to late endosomes.

Responses in species diversity in the Hulunbuir grassland to phosphorus addition under nitrogen-limiting and non-limiting conditions.

The phenomenon of nitrogen deposition resulting in species loss in terrestrial ecosystems has been demonstrated in several experiments. Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), as major nutrients required for plant growth, exhibit ecological stoichiometric coupling in many ecosystems. The increased availability of nitrogen can exacerbate the ecological effects of phosphorus.

Tumor suppressor KEAP1 promotes HSPA9 degradation, controlling mitochondrial biogenesis in breast cancer.

The oxidative-stress-related protein Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) is a substrate articulator of E3 ubiquitin ligase, which plays an important role in the ubiquitination modification of proteins. However, the function of KEAP1 in breast cancer and its impact on the survival of patients with breast cancer remain unclear. Our study demonstrates that KEAP1, a positive prognostic factor, plays a crucial role in regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle transition in breast cancer.

Efficacy of angiotensin receptor blockers for nocturnal blood pressure reduction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Nocturnal blood pressure (BP) is correlated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events and is an important predictor of cardiovascular death in hypertensive patients.

Objective: Nocturnal BP control is of great importance for cardiovascular risk reduction. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to explore the efficacy of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) for nocturnal BP reduction in patients with mild to moderate hypertension.

Single-cell analysis of CD4+ tissue residency memory cells (TRMs) in adult atopic dermatitis: A new potential mechanism.

The pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis (AD) is complex. CD4 T cells play an essential role in the development of lesions in AD. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear.

Rethinking Multiple Instance Learning for Whole Slide Image Classification: A Bag-Level Classifier is a Good Instance-Level Teacher.

Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) has demonstrated promise in Whole Slide Image (WSI) classification. However, a major challenge persists due to the high computational cost associated with processing these gigapixel images. Existing methods generally adopt a two-stage approach, comprising a non-learnable feature embedding stage and a classifier training stage.

Rest-in-Peace: Research on the Architectural Types and Design Ideas to Guide Design of Hospice Care Building.

In the context of an aging population, the concept of peaceful end-of-life care has gained increasing significance as an essential component of individuals' fundamental well-being. This underscores the importance of researching and developing hospice care facilities and service systems dedicated to providing a tranquil resting environment. This study focuses on selected hospice care buildings, examining their service model evolution and architectural design.

A Phosphorylated Dendrimer-Supported Biomass-Derived Magnetic Nanoparticle Adsorbent for Efficient Uranium Removal.

A novel biomass-based magnetic nanoparticle (FeO-P-CMC/PAMAM) was synthesized by crosslinking carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) and poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM), followed by phosphorylation with the incorporation of magnetic ferric oxide nanoparticles. The characterization results verified the successful functionalization and structural integrity of the adsorbents with a surface area of . 43 m/g.

In Situ Constructed Spinel Layer Stabilized Upcycled LiCoO for High Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries.

With ever-increasing requirements for cathodes in the lithium-ion batteries market, an efficiency and eco-friendly upcycling regeneration strategy is imperative to meet the demand for high-performance cathode materials. Herein, a facile, direct and upcycling regeneration strategy is proposed to restore the failed LiCoO and enhance the stability at 4.6 V.

1T'-transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers stabilized on 4H-Au nanowires for ultrasensitive SERS detection.

Unconventional 1T'-phase transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have aroused tremendous research interest due to their unique phase-dependent physicochemical properties and applications. However, due to the metastable nature of 1T'-TMDs, the controlled synthesis of 1T'-TMD monolayers (MLs) with high phase purity and stability still remains a challenge. Here we report that 4H-Au nanowires (NWs), when used as templates, can induce the quasi-epitaxial growth of high-phase-purity and stable 1T'-TMD MLs, including WS, WSe, MoS and MoSe, via a facile and rapid wet-chemical method.