PIVKA-II combined with alpha-fetoprotein for the diagnostic value of hepatic tumors in children: a multicenter, prospective observational study.

Background: To investigate whether protein induced by vitamin K antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) combined with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) can improve the diagnostic and differential diagnostic accuracy of childhood hepatic tumors.

Methods: A multi-center prospective observational study was performed at nine regional institutions around China. Children with hepatic mass (Group T) were divided into hepatoblastoma group (Group T) and hemangioendothelioma group (Group T), children with extrahepatic abdominal mass (Group C).

ECG-CL: A Comprehensive Electrocardiogram Interpretation Method Based on Continual Learning.

The value of Electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring in early cardiovascular disease (CVD) detection is undeniable, especially with the aid of intelligent wearable devices. Despite this, the requirement for expert interpretation significantly limits public accessibility, underscoring the need for advanced diagnosis algorithms. Deep learning-based methods represent a leap beyond traditional rule-based algorithms, but they are not without challenges such as small databases, inefficient use of local and global ECG information, high memory requirements for deploying multiple models, and the absence of task-to-task knowledge transfer.

ACLY-β-catenin axis modulates hepatoblastoma cell proliferation.

HB (hepatoblastoma) is most common in children with liver cancer and few options for treating HB. Thus, it is of great significance to investigate the regulatory mechanism of HB and/or identify new therapeutic targets for clinical treatment of HB. Here, we showed that ACLY (ATP citrate lyase), an important lipometabolic enzyme for de novo biosynthesis of fatty acids and steroids, has a higher expression in HB tissues than noncancerous tissues, and is required for HB cell proliferation.

A Causal Intervention Scheme for Semantic Segmentation of Quasi-Periodic Cardiovascular Signals.

Precise segmentation is a vital first step to analyze semantic information of cardiac cycle and capture anomaly with cardiovascular signals. However, in the field of deep semantic segmentation, inference is often unilaterally confounded by the individual attribute of data. Towards cardiovascular signals, quasi-periodicity is the essential characteristic to be learned, regarded as the synthesize of the attributes of morphology ( A) and rhythm ( A).

Extracranial metastasis sites correlate to the incidence risk of brain metastasis in stage IV non-small cell lung cancer: a population-based study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyse the correlation of extracranial metastasis sites (ECMs) to the incidence risk of brain metastasis (BMs) in stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: 18349 newly diagnosed patients were retrospectively analysed, and 4919 pairs of cases were matched by propensity score matching in a 1:1 ratio. Alternative factors were analysed by multivariable logistic regression analysis.

Identifying Tumor-Associated Genes from Bilayer Networks of DNA Methylation Sites and RNAs.

Network theory has attracted much attention from the biological community because of its high efficacy in identifying tumor-associated genes. However, most researchers have focused on single networks of single omics, which have less predictive power. With the available multiomics data, multilayer networks can now be used in molecular research.

SSA-ICL: Multi-domain adaptive attention with intra-dataset continual learning for Facial expression recognition.

Facial expression recognition (FER) is a kind of affective computing that identifies the emotional state represented in facial photographs. Various methods have been developed for completing this critical task. In spite of this progress, three significant obstacles, the interaction between spatial action units, the inadequacy of semantic information about spectral expressions and the unbalanced data distribution, are not well addressed.

Towards Magnetic Field Gradient-Based Imaging and Control of In-Body Devices.

This papers reports a magnetic field gradient-based imaging system for in-body devices which takes inspiration from the localization principles of magnetic resonance imaging. By applying three orthogonal magnetic field gradients, the location of a device inside the body can be determined by measuring the magnetic fields in the device and transmitting this information to an external reader. The proposed system consists of one pair of Helmholtz coils and two pairs of saddle coils and is capable of generating the three orthogonal gradient fields.

Comparison of factors influencing the willingness to donate biospecimens among guardians of children with cancer and adult cancer patients.

Background: This study examined and compared the attitudes and willingness of guardians of children with cancer and adult cancer patients toward donating biospecimens and clinical data for cancer research.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among guardians of children with cancer (Guardian group) from Shanghai Children's Medical Center and adult cancer patients (Adult group) from Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital between February 1, 2019, and January 31, 2020. Participants' demographic data, willingness, and motivations for biospecimen donation were collected and analyzed.

An atrial fibrillation detection system based on machine learning algorithm with mix-domain features and hardware acceleration.

This paper presents a real-time electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis system that can detect atrial fibrillation (AF) using machine learning algorithms without a cloud server. The system takes advantage of the heterogeneous structure of the Zynq system-on-chip (SoC) to optimize the tasks of local implementation of AF detection. The features extraction is based on multi-domain features including entropy features and RR interval features, which is conducted using the embedded micro controller to generate significant features for AF detection.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor successfully treated with metformin: A case report and review of literature.

Background: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a distinct tumor with a low incidence rate, which can be diagnosed at any age with a predilection for children and adolescents. Although IMT is visible in any tissues and organs, it is more commonly found in the lungs. The clinical and radiological manifestations of IMT lack specificity, hence resulting in frequent misdiagnosis.

A wearable real-time telemonitoring electrocardiogram device compared with traditional Holter monitoring.

Arrhythmias are very common in the healthy populations as well as patients with cardiovascular diseases. Among them, atrial fibrillation (AF) and malignant ventricular arrhythmias are usually associated with some clinical events. Early diagnosis of arrhythmias, particularly AF and ventricular arrhythmias, is very important for the treatment and prognosis of patients.

Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy successfully treated with metformin: A case report.

Rationale: Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (MNTI) is a rare tumor originated from neural crest cells with the potential for recurrence and metastasis. The peak age for the disease is during the first year after birth. The current therapy is primarily surgery.

An Explainable Artificial Intelligence Predictor for Early Detection of Sepsis.

Objectives: Early detection of sepsis is critical in clinical practice since each hour of delayed treatment has been associated with an increase in mortality due to irreversible organ damage. This study aimed to develop an explainable artificial intelligence model for early predicting sepsis by analyzing the electronic health record data from ICU provided by the PhysioNet/Computing in Cardiology Challenge 2019.

Design: Retrospective observational study.

Mining prognostic factors of extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer patients using nomogram model.

This study is to establish the nomogram model and provide clinical therapy decision-making for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) patients with different metastatic sites using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program.A total of 10,025 patients of ES-SCLC with metastasis from January 2010 to December 2016 were enrolled from the SEER database. All samples were randomly divided into a derivation cohort and a validation cohort, and the derivation cohort was divided into 6 groups by different metastatic sites: bone, liver, lung, brain, multiple organs, and other organs.

Gorham-Stout disease successfully treated with sirolimus (rapamycin): a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Gorham-Stout disease (GSD) is a rare disease characterized by bone lesions and osteolysis. Therapy usually involves surgical resection. Sirolimus (Rapamycin) is used in some patients with GSD but the efficacy and safety of Sirolimus remains unclear.

Pharyngeal perforation following laryngoscopy in a patient with dysphagia secondary to diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis: A case report.

Rationale: Dysphagia is a common presenting symptom in elderly people. Nevertheless, dysphagia resulting from diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) of patients' cervical spine may be due to several factors. Despite computed tomography scan showing the size and shape of osteophytes, endoscopy may be necessary to exclude other intrinsic causes of dysphagia.

Clinical complete regression after local radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy for stage IV rectal cancer: A case report.

Colorectal cancer is the fourth most common type of cancer worldwide with about 0.8 million new cases annually. Improving patient survival remains a challenge for clinicians.

Cervus and cucumis peptides combined umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells therapy for rheumatoid arthritis.

Cervus and cucumis peptides (Lugua polypeptides, LG) are traditional Chinese medicine, which are active components of polypeptide extracted from Sika deer bone and melon seed, and they contain bone induced polypeptide biological factors. Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell, (UC-MSC) have tissue repair multiple effects, anti-inflammatory, and immune regulation function, which become a very promising start in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment. Hence, LG combined UC-MSC can significantly enhance the UC-MSC treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Propranolol for infantile hepatic hemangioendothelioma: Clinical evaluation of drug efficacy and safety using a single-center patient cohort.

Introduction And Objectives: Infantile hepatic hemangioendothelioma (IHHE) is a benign liver tumor, associated with hypothyroidism and vascular malformations along the skin, brain, digestive tract and other organs. Here, we determined a single-center patient cohort by evaluating the effectiveness and safety of propranolol and sirolimus for the treatment of IHHE.

Patients And Methods: We performed a monocentric and observational study, based on clinical data obtained from 20 cases of IHHE treated with oral propranolol and sirolimus at the Shanghai Children's Medical Center (SCMC), between December 2017 and April 2019.

Metabolomics study of the metabolic changes in hepatoblastoma cells in response to NTCP/SLC10A1 overexpression.

NTCP (SLC10A1) has been well recognized as a basolateral (sinusoidal) Na+-bile acid co-transporter that mediates the hepatic uptake of bile acids. However, little is known about the effects of NTCP (SLC10A1) on hepatoblastoma (HB) and its underlying metabolic mechanisms. In this study, we found that NTCP (SLC10A1) expression was downregulated in HB cells and tissues, and it was demonstrated that NTCP (SLC10A1) reduced cell viability, promoted cell cycle arrest and induced apoptosis of HB cells.