Publications by authors named "HongXia Lu"

Gastric cancer, one of the most aggressive tumors affecting the digestive tract, has seen a rise in both incidence and mortality rates in recent years, with a lack of clear prognostic indicators. D-dimer, a byproduct of fibrin degradation, is a conventional coagulation biomarker that has been investigated as a potential adverse prognostic factor for postoperative cancer patients. However, conflicting results exist, with some studies suggesting that D-dimer is an independent risk factor for the postoperative prognosis of gastric cancer, and others suggesting that there is no significant association between D-dimer level and gastric cancer prognosis.

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Purpose: Upadacitinib, a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, has been approved by the FDA to treat various autoimmune conditions. This study assessed its adverse events by analyzing reports from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

Methods: FAERS data from Q3 2019 to Q4 2023 were extracted, and disproportionality analyses were conducted using four statistical measures, reporting odds ratio, proportionate reporting ratio, Bayesian confidence propagation neural network, and empirical Bayesian geometric mean.

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Background: The long-term survival benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings is unclear for colorectal cancers (CRC) and gastric cancers (GC) with deficiency of mismatch repair (dMMR) or microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H).

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled patients with dMMR/MSI-H CRC and GC who received at least one dose of neoadjuvant ICIs (neoadjuvant cohort, NAC) or adjuvant ICIs (adjuvant cohort, AC) at 17 centers in China. Patients with stage IV disease were also eligible if all tumor lesions were radically resectable.

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Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease. Studying the effects of drug treatments on multiple health outcomes related to AD could be beneficial in demonstrating which drugs reduce the disease burden and increase survival.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive causal inference study implementing doubly robust estimators and using one of the largest high-quality medical databases, the Oracle Electronic Health Records (EHR) Real-World Data.

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Toxicological assessment of chemicals is crucial for safeguarding human health and the environment. However, traditional animal experiments are associated with ethical, technical, and predictive limitations in assessing the toxicity of chemicals to the skin. With the recent development of bioengineering and tissue engineering, three-dimensional (3D) skin models have been commonly used as an alternative for toxicological studies.

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Vacuum induction melting is a more energy-efficient process for the preparation of a titanium alloy with good homogeneity and low cost. But the crucial problem for this technology is in developing a crucible refractory with high stability. In the present work, a novel (Ca,Sr,Ba)ZrO crucible was prepared by slip casting and its performance in melting NiTi alloy was studied.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study investigates the role of long non-coding RNA NORAD in asthma, particularly its effect on airway remodeling through epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and how it interacts with the NORAD-miRNA-mRNA network.
  • - In experiments, NORAD levels were found to be increased in both cell and mouse models of asthma, and reducing NORAD expression decreased EMT characteristics and activated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
  • - NORAD was confirmed to act as a sponge for miR-410-3p, influencing the expression of chromosome condensation 2, and its knockdown reduced inflammation in asthmatic models, indicating its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Introduction: Gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma (GNENs), as a highly malignant gastrointestinal tumor, is characterized by easy postoperative metastasis, and its prognosis has always been poor compared to other gastrointestinal tumors. Due to its rarity, there have been few case reports and studies on it. As of now, there is no clear diagnosis and treatment sequence and guidelines.

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  • Potato virus Y (PVY) is a major threat to potato crops, leading to significant yield and quality loss, which impacts the economy.
  • Researchers have created new indole-derived compounds with dithioacetal features that show strong anti-PVY activity, outperforming existing antiviral agents.
  • The study explores how these compounds enhance plant immune responses against PVY, using various scientific techniques to guide the development of new pesticides.
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The misuse and abuse of opioids has become a serious public health threat in the United States. The state of California has been hit particularly hard by the opioid epidemic, with a noticeable increase in opioid-related fatalities and hospitalizations. This brief report paper aims to contribute to the growing literature by conducting a geospatial analysis of opioid dispensing patterns in California in 2021.

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Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy versus anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapy in advanced microsatellite instability (MSI)/mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) gastrointestinal cancers.

Methods: We retrospectively recruited patients with MSI/dMMR gastrointestinal cancer who received anti-PD-1/PD-L1 with or without chemotherapy and compared objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor plus chemotherapy (chemo-anti-PD-1/PD-L1 group) and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor alone (anti-PD-1/PD-L1 group). Propensity score-based overlap weighting analysis was conducted to adjust the baseline covariable imbalance.

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Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have attracted considerable interest in the past decade due to their advantages for tackling antibiotic resistance. They exhibit potential antimicrobial activity through unique cell membrane destruction mechanism based on their net charge, hydrophobic properties, and α-helix. In this work, a series of HJH peptides was rationally designed and synthesized.

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Article Synopsis
  • * Research indicates that ET enhances rice's defense by boosting levels of defense enzymes and chlorophyll, while also impacting the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway and activating a protein called OsCPK24.
  • * The study confirms that OsCPK24 plays a crucial role in rice's resistance to BLB, suggesting that further investigation into this protein could lead to new bactericide developments.
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CsPbX(X = Cl, Br, I) semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) have excellent optical and photoelectric properties, and are potential core materials for various photoelectric devices. However, the toxicity of Pb and instability have been the key limitations to application of NCs. Herein, using MnBrand MnBr·4HO as manganese sources, heavy Mn-doped CsPbBr(Mn:CsPbBr) NCs are synthesized by high-energy ball grinding, which avoids high temperature, a large number of polar solvents and atmosphere protection required in traditional liquid phase methods.

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Cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic (RGD) peptides that specifically bind to integrin αβ have been developed for drug delivery, tracers, and imaging for tumor diagnosis and treatment. Herein, a series of polycyclic RGD peptides containing dual, tri, and tetra rings were designed and synthesized through sortase A-mediated ligation. An in vitro test on cell adhesion inhibition indicated that the RGD peptide containing tricylic structure exhibited outstanding potency and selectivity for αβ integrin.

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Background: Discharge medical notes written by physicians contain important information about the health condition of patients. Many deep learning algorithms have been successfully applied to extract important information from unstructured medical notes data that can entail subsequent actionable results in the medical domain. This study aims to explore the model performance of various deep learning algorithms in text classification tasks on medical notes with respect to different disease class imbalance scenarios.

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The ageing of the population has resulted in an increase in the demand for long-term care services for older people, but with limited resources, its challenges have also been highlighted. Although factors affecting the willingness of older people to engage with long-term care services have been widely reported, however, systematic review has not synthesised the evidence, and its associated factors remain unclear. This systematic review aims to study and synthesise the best available evidence on the potential factors related to the willingness of older people to engage with long-term care services.

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MXenes represent an emerging family of two-dimensional materials of transition metal carbides/carbonitrides terminated with functional groups like -O, -OH, and -F on the chemically active surface of MX slabs. As a member of the family, NbCT exhibits superior lithium storage capacity over most of the other MXenes as anode materials in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, an in-depth understanding of the charge storage mechanism is still lacking so far.

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Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) occupies a pivotal position in fuel cell applications, and it is a challenge to obtain highly durable ORR catalysts. Herein, porous cobalt oxide microsphere growing at the surface of on nitrogen-doped graphitized-nano-diamond (CoO/N-GND) was prepared using hydrothermal and subsequent heat treatment process. Porous cobalt oxide of high specific surface area could expose more surface Cothat act as active sites than bulk one does.

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Photocatalytic degradation of pollutants has been proved to be an effective strategy for wastewater treatment. Herein, TiO nanoparticles were synthesized on a TiC matrix by in situ growth, forming Z-scheme TiO@TiC/CdZnS (TO/CZS) multilevel structured nanocomposites via one-step hydrothermal route. The effects of hydrothermal temperature and CdZnS content on microstructure and properties of composites were assessed.

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Article Synopsis
  • A study was conducted using high-resolution MRI to compare vessel wall characteristics of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) in patients with and without symptoms related to atherosclerosis.
  • Fifty-three patients were analyzed, revealing that those with symptoms had significantly higher plaque burden, more severe stenosis, and a lower remodeling index compared to asymptomatic patients.
  • The findings suggest that certain plaque features, like more severe stenosis and negative remodeling, are more prevalent in symptomatic patients, indicating a potential risk factor for further complications.
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