Publications by authors named "HongTao Cheng"
Objectives: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly among the elderly, resulting in high rates of intensive care unit (ICU) admissions. Malnutrition is common in elderly patients and has been associated with poor prognosis in patients with COPD. However, its impact in the ICU setting remains incompletely defined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRice, a staple in diets, undergoes digestion post-consumption, often triggering a swift surge in blood sugar among diabetics, intensifying their health burden. Notably, resistant starch (RS) emerges as a potent ally in fostering satiety and mitigating metabolic syndrome in diabetes. The SBEIIb gene, a key orchestrator of starch branching enzymes, plays a pivotal role in starch synthesis, and its genetic alteration can dramatically boost RS content in rice.
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- - The study focuses on cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC), which is a type of skin cancer that can recur and spread more aggressively in some cases, making it important to monitor survival rates for better patient care and health strategies.
- - Conducted using data from the National Cancer Institute's SEER database, the research analyzed information on 204,055 patients diagnosed with CSCC over two decades, from 2000 to 2019.
- - The researchers assessed patient trends and relative survival rates using a period analysis method to gain insights into the outcomes for people diagnosed with CSCC.
Aims And Objectives: To develop and validate a prediction model for high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) failure in patients with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure (AHRF).
Background: AHRF accounts for a major proportion of intensive care unit (ICU) admissions and is associated with high mortality. HFNC is a non-invasive respiratory support technique that can improve patient oxygenation.
Article Synopsis
- The study aims to develop a practical method for identifying high-risk patients with sepsis, particularly those who may experience sepsis-associated delirium (SAD), which can worsen prognoses.
- By analyzing data from over 28,000 ICU patients, researchers found that those with a lower Braden score (≤ 15) had significantly higher rates of delirium and increased mortality compared to those with higher scores.
- The study concludes that the Braden score is a useful and straightforward tool for early detection of patients facing a higher risk of negative outcomes in sepsis cases.
The role of alcohol consumption as a mediator in the risk between sarcopenia and dementia remains inadequately studied. There is currently limited research on whether the association between sarcopenia and the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is influenced by genetic susceptibility. Our study incorporated a total of 483,637 baseline non-dementia participants, who were classified into groups of individuals with no sarcopenia and those with probable sarcopenia based on the definition.
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- Patients with ischemic stroke who experienced falls in the three months before ICU admission had higher risks of mortality within 28, 60, and 90 days, with hazard ratios indicating a significant increase in risk.
- Delirium was identified as a significant mediator in the relationship between prior falls and short-term mortality, suggesting that managing delirium could positively impact outcomes.
- The study emphasizes the importance of fall prevention and delirium management in improving the prognosis of ischemic stroke patients in the ICU.
Article Synopsis
- Dysphagia, common among elderly ICU patients, is linked to malnutrition, which can worsen outcomes like delirium and increase healthcare costs.
- The study aimed to examine how malnutrition relates to the occurrence of delirium in elderly dysphagic patients in the ICU, analyzing data from 2,273 patients aged 65 and older.
- The findings revealed that 13% of patients were malnourished, with a 55.9% incidence of delirium in this group, highlighting a strong association between malnutrition and higher rates of delirium (OR = 1.96).
Article Synopsis
- A study assessed the effectiveness and safety of iodine-125 brachytherapy for patients with right lower paratracheal lymph node metastasis after prior treatments failed.
- Out of 24 patients, the treatment achieved an objective response rate of 87.5%, with significant reduction in lymph node size and improved clinical symptoms.
- The median overall survival was 14.70 months, and complications were manageable, suggesting iodine-125 brachytherapy is a promising alternative treatment option.
Background: Ischaemic stroke remains a significant global health challenge, associated with high mortality rates. While the Braden Scale is traditionally employed to assess pressure ulcer risk, its potential to predict mortality among the intensive care unit (ICU) patients with ischaemic stroke has not been thoroughly investigated.
Aim/s: This study evaluates the predictive value of the Braden Scale for 30-day mortality among patients with ischaemic stroke admitted to ICU.
Article Synopsis
- Patients with emphysema have a higher risk of pneumothorax when undergoing lung biopsies, but needle embolization might help reduce this risk.
- This study examined two groups of emphysema patients: one group had no embolization, while the other had tract embolization during their biopsies, with over 1,000 patients analyzed in total.
- Results showed that embolization led to a significantly lower rate of pneumothorax and the need for chest tubes, suggesting it is an effective preventive measure in high-risk patients.
Article Synopsis
- - The study aimed to assess the link between frailty and postoperative delirium (POD) in elderly patients who underwent cardiac surgery, using data from a retrospective analysis of over 2000 patients treated between 2008 and 2019.
- - Results showed that frail patients (30% of the sample) had a significantly higher incidence of delirium (29.2%) compared to non-frail patients (16.4%), even after controlling for various factors like age, sex, and type of surgery.
- - The findings conclude that frailty is a significant independent risk factor for experiencing POD in older cardiac surgery patients, highlighting the need for better frailty assessments and targeted interventions to enhance patient outcomes.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how CDK4/6 inhibitors interact with TSC1 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), enhancing the potential for new therapeutic strategies.
- Using various laboratory techniques, the research reveals that CDK4 stabilizes TSC1 by promoting its interaction with RNF26, which activates the mTOR signaling pathway—linked to cancer progression and angiogenesis.
- The findings propose a new regulatory axis (CDK4/RNF26/TSC1) that impacts the effectiveness of CDK4/6 and mTOR inhibitors in treating ccRCC.
Article Synopsis
- A study was conducted to examine the relationship between frailty and outcomes in older patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) admitted to the ICU, using the hospital frailty risk score (HFRS) as a measurement tool.
- The analysis included 7,792 patients, revealing that frail individuals had significantly higher rates of in-hospital mortality (18.8% vs. 7.6%) and 30-day mortality (24.5% vs. 12.3%) compared to non-frail patients.
- The findings suggest that frailty independently increases the risk of adverse outcomes in this population, highlighting the need for frailty assessment and targeted interventions in ICU settings.
Braden score can independently predict 90-day mortality in critically ill patients with dementia.
Int J Geriatr Psychiatry
May 2024
Background: Dementia is a significant cause of death in the older population and is becoming an important public health issue as the population ages and the prevalence of dementia increases. The Braden score is one of the most commonly used clinical tools to assess the risk of skin pressure injury in patients, and some studies have reported that it may reflect the state of frailty of patients. The present study attempted to explore the association between Braden score and 90-day mortality, pressure injury, and aspiration pneumonia in older patients with dementia in the intensive care unit (ICU).
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- Delirium is a common and serious condition in elderly ICU patients, linked to longer hospital stays, higher costs, and increased mortality risks.
- The study examined how a history of falls affects ICU outcomes, particularly looking at delirium, pressure injuries, and urinary tract infections using the MIMIC-IV database.
- Results showed a 40% delirium rate but significantly higher (54.4%) in those with fall histories, indicating that falls increase the likelihood of delirium and other complications, highlighting the importance of early intervention to improve patient outcomes.
Article Synopsis
- Sarcopenia is an age-related disease in older adults that increases the risk of health issues and mortality, prompting the need for a risk prediction model targeting this demographic in China.
- The study analyzed data from 3,454 older adults, identifying key predictive factors like sex, BMI, blood pressure, and pain, which were then used to develop a reliable nomogram model for sarcopenia.
- The model showed strong accuracy and consistency, proving useful for clinical practitioners in screening and intervention efforts for sarcopenia among older adults in China.
Given the epidemiological studies investigating the relationship between birthweight and dementia are limited. Our study aimed to explore the association between birthweight and the risk of dementia, cognitive function, and brain structure. We included 275,648 participants from the UK Biobank, categorizing birthweight into quartiles (Q1 ≤ 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFinely Tuning Metal Ion Valences of [FeM(μ-OH)(Carboxyl)(pyridyl)] Cluster-Based -MOFs for Highly Improved CO Capture Performances.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
February 2024
Solvothermal reactions of different trinuclear precursors and 5-(pyridin-4-yl)isophthalic acid (HL) successfully led to four anionic topological MOFs as FeM(μ-OH)(CHCOO)(L)·(DMA)·DMF [M = Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), = 0, 1, 2 and 3], namely, NJTU-Bai79 [NJTU-Bai = Nanjing Tech University Bai's group, Mn(μ-OH)], NJTU-Bai80 [FeMn(μ-OH)], NJTU-Bai81 [Fe(μ-OH)], and NJTU-Bai82 [FeCo(μ-OH)], which possess the narrow pores (2.5-6.0 Å).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Delirium is prevalent in ischemic stroke patients, particularly those in the intensive care unit (ICU), and it poses a significant burden on patients and caregivers, leading to increased mortality rates, prolonged hospital stays, and impaired cognitive function. Dysphagia, a common symptom in critically ill patients with ischemic stroke, further complicates their condition. However, the association between dysphagia and delirium in this context remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Delirium is a common and severe complication in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with acute ischemic stroke, exacerbating cognitive and physical impairments. It prolongs hospitalization, increases healthcare costs, and raises mortality risk. Early prediction is crucial because it facilitates prompt interventions that could possibly reverse or alleviate the detrimental consequences of delirium.
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- - The study investigates the role of BnTTG1 genes in seed oil quality and stress resistance, finding that knocking out both gene homologues produces yellow seeds with enhanced oil content and modified fatty acid composition.
- - CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing was used to create stable yellow seed mutants, showing that the mutation decreased seed coat thickness and proanthocyanidins accumulation, impacting seed color.
- - Mutant seeds also demonstrated improved germination rates under salt and cold stress, linked to changes in the expression of ABA responsive genes, providing a strategy for developing better oilseed rape crops.
Article Synopsis
- Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is linked to high mortality rates and is prevalent in both acute and late phases of sepsis; this study aims to create a predictive model for mortality in ICU patients with SAE.
- A total of 7,576 patients were analyzed, divided into training, validation, and external test sets, and an Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model was developed to identify risk factors and assess mortality predictions, with good discrimination indicated by ROC and AUC scores.
- The resulting model shows a high survival rate for SAE patients in two databases, and SHAP plots help to visualize how different clinical parameters affect mortality predictions.
Article Synopsis
- * This study applied CRISPR/Cas9 technology to mutate two specific genes, resulting in complete male sterility in mutants that can be restored to fertility through the application of MeJA (methyl jasmonate).
- * The new system offers improved stability and control, facilitating the production of hybrid seeds, particularly in rapeseed, and has potential applications in other crop species.
Aims And Objectives: To investigate whether a low Braden Skin Score (BSS), reflecting an increased risk of pressure injury, could predict the risk of delirium in older patients in the intensive care unit (ICU).
Background: Delirium, a common acute encephalopathy syndrome in older ICU patients, is associated with prolonged hospital stay, long-term cognitive impairment and increased mortality. However, few studies have explored the relationship between BSS and delirium.