Biomimetic flame retardant adhesive via combining polysiloxane, chitosan and vermiculite nanosheets inspired by nacre and arthropod cuticle.

The wood industry's dependence on traditional petrochemical adhesives, which pose environmental and health risks, has spurred research into sustainable alternatives. Sustainable bio-based polysaccharide materials show promise due to their inherent adhesive properties, despite challenges related to mechanical weaknesses and water resistance. Inspired by the hardening mechanisms of nacre and arthropod cuticles, we have developed a novel biomimetic flame-retardant HPA/OCTS/VMT NSs-NH adhesive.

The Study on Nondestructive Detection Methods for Internal Quality of Korla Fragrant Pears Based on Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Machine Learning.

Quality control and grading of Korla fragrant pears significantly impact their commercial value. Rapid and non-destructive detection of soluble solids content (SSC) and firmness is crucial to improving this. This study proposes a method combining near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) with machine learning for the rapid, non-destructive detection of SSC and firmness in Korla pears.

FDA Approval Summary: Olutasidenib for Adult Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia with an Isocitrate Dehydrogenase-1 Mutation.

On December 1st, 2022, the FDA approved the new molecular entity olutasidenib (Rezlidhia: Rigel Pharmaceuticals), a small-molecule inhibitor of isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1), for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (R/R AML) with a susceptible IDH1 mutation as detected by an FDA-approved test. The efficacy of olutasidenib was established based on complete remission (CR) + CR with partial hematological recovery (CRh) rate, duration of CR + CRh, and conversion of transfusion dependence (TD) to transfusion independence (TI) in Study 2102-HEM-101. In the pivotal trial, 147 adult patients treated with 150mg twice daily (BID) of olutasidenib were evaluable for efficacy.

Cytokeratin 18 in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: value and application.

Introduction: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common metabolism-related disease worldwide. Although studies have shown that some medications may be effective for treating NAFLD, they do not satisfy the medical requirements, and lifestyle changes are the most basic strategy. Thus, early detection of NAFLD and timely lifestyle interventions are highly important.

Targeting circ-0034880-enriched tumor extracellular vesicles to impede SPP1CD206 pro-tumor macrophages mediated pre-metastatic niche formation in colorectal cancer liver metastasis.

Background: Information transmission between primary tumor cells and immunocytes or stromal cells in distal organs is a critical factor in the formation of pre-metastatic niche (PMN). Understanding this mechanism is essential for developing effective therapeutic strategy against tumor metastasis. Our study aims to prove the hypothesis that circ-0034880-enriched tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (TEVs) mediate the formation of PMN and colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM), and targeting circ-0034880-enriched TEVs might be an effective therapeutic strategy against PMN formation and CRLM.

Identification of 1-Methylnicotinamide as a specific biomarker for the progression of cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma.

Purpose: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent malignant tumor, often arising from hepatitis induced by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) in China. However, effective biomarkers for early diagnosis are lacking, leading to a 5-year overall survival rate of less than 20% among patients with advanced HCC. This study aims to identify serum biomarkers for early HCC diagnosis to enhance patient survival rates.

Microplastics footprint in nature reserves-a case study on the microplastics in the guano from Yancheng Wetland Rare Birds National Nature Reserve, China.

Bio-ingestion of microplastics poses a global threat to ecosystems, yet studies within nature reserves, crucial habitats for birds, remain scarce despite the well-documented ingestion of microplastics by avian species. Located in Jiangsu Province, China, the Yancheng Wetland Rare Birds Nature Reserve is home to diverse bird species, including many rare ones. This study aimed to assess the abundance and characteristics of microplastics in common bird species within the reserve, investigate microplastic enrichment across different species, and establish links between birds' habitat types and microplastic ingestion.

Glued-bamboo composite based on a highly cross-linked cellulose-based adhesive and an epoxy functionalized bamboo surface.

Bamboo, as a renewable bioresource, exhibits advantages of fast growth cycle and high strength. Bamboo-based composite materials are a promising alternative to load-bearing structural materials. It is urgent to develop high-performance glued-bamboo composite materials.

Mammalian orthoreovirus capsid protein σ3 antagonizes RLR-mediated antiviral responses by degrading MAVS.

Unlabelled: Mammalian orthoreovirus (MRV) outer capsid protein σ3 is a multifunctional protein containing a double-stranded RNA-binding domain, which facilitates viral entry and assembly. We reasoned that σ3 has an innate immune evasion function. Here, we show that σ3 protein localizes in the mitochondria and interacts with mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) to activate the intrinsic mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway.

Mammalian reovirus µ1 protein attenuates RIG-I and MDA5-mediated signaling transduction by blocking IRF3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation.

Mammalian reovirus (MRV) is a non-enveloped, gene segmented double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) virus. It is an important zoonotic pathogen that infects many mammals and vertebrates that act as natural hosts and causes respiratory and digestive tract diseases. Studies have reported that RIG-I and MDA5 in the innate immune cytoplasmic RNA-sensing RIG-like receptor (RLR) signaling pathway can recognize dsRNA from MRV and promote antiviral type I interferon (IFN) responses.

and NAFLD: pathophysiology and therapy.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent chronic liver condition observed globally, with the potential to progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma. Currently, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not approved any drugs for the treatment of NAFLD. NAFLD is characterized by histopathological abnormalities in the liver, such as lipid accumulation, steatosis, hepatic balloon degeneration, and inflammation.

Non-invasive diagnosis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Current status and future perspective.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease throughout the world. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver cirrhosis can result from nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the severe stage of NAFLD progression. By some estimates, NAFLD affects almost one-third of the world's population, which is completely new and serious public health issue.

Distribution of mudsnail Bullacta caurina along smooth cordgrass Spartina alterniflora invasion stages on a coast of the Yellow Sea, China.

On a Chinese coast of the Yellow Sea, a 15-year Spartina alterniflora invasion sequence was classified into five stages: no invasion, initial invasion, immature invasion, mature invasion, and senescing invasion. The effects of invasion on Bullacta caurina distribution were studied. The stem density and vegetation coverage, and sediment organic matter content increased after S.

Geniposide plus chlorogenic acid reverses non-alcoholic steatohepatitis regulation of gut microbiota and bile acid signaling in a mouse model .

Geniposide and chlorogenic acid are the major active ingredients in Yinchenhao Decoction and are widely used as herbal medicines in Asia. This study further assessed their effects on improvement of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in a mouse model and explored the underlying molecular events . Male C57BL/6 and farnesoid X receptor knockout (FXR) mice were used to establish the NASH model and were treated with or without geniposide, chlorogenic acid, obeticholic acid (OCA), and antibiotics for assessment of the serum and tissue levels of various biochemical parameters, bile acid, DNA sequencing of bacterial 16S amplicon, protein expression, and histology.

Body Size and Weight of Pill Bugs () Vary between Urban Green Space Habitats.

Rapid urban development poses a threat to global biodiversity. At the same time, urban green spaces offer opportunities for holding biodiversity in cities. Among biological communities, the soil fauna plays a crucial role in ecological processes but is often ignored.

HSP27 Attenuates cGAS-Mediated IFN-β Signaling through Ubiquitination of cGAS and Promotes PRV Infection.

Pseudorabies (PR) is a domestic and wild animal infectious disease caused by the pseudorabies virus (PRV) and is one of the major infectious diseases that endanger the global swine industry. Studies have reported that PRV may achieve cross-species transmission from pigs to humans in recent years. Therefore, in-depth exploration of the relationship between PRV and host proteins is of great significance for elucidating the pathogenic mechanism of PRV and anti-PRV infection.

Gypenosides ameliorate high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis farnesoid X receptor activation.

Background: Gypenosides (Gyps), the major botanical component of , was found to up-regulate the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) in a mouse model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, the exact role of FXR and underlying mechanisms in Gyps-mediated effects on NASH remain to be elucidated.

Purpose: This study investigated whether Gyps attenuates NASH through directly activating FXR in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NASH, and delineated the molecular pathways involved.

Persistent hiccup as one of the initial symptoms of leucine-rich glioma-inactivated-1 encephalitis: a case report.

Background: Anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) encephalitis, an autoimmune disorder, is characterized by faciobrachial dystonic seizures, epilepsy, memory deficits and altered mental status while hiccup is not commonly found in patients.

Case Presentation: A 62-year-old male was presented with slurred speech, abnormal gait, faciobrachial dystonic seizures and impaired cognition. Besides, the hiccup was one of the initial symptoms.

FDA Approval Summary: Revised Indication and Dosing Regimen for Ponatinib Based on the Results of the OPTIC Trial.

On December 18, 2020, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved a supplemental application for ponatinib extending the indication in patients with chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CP-CML) to patients with resistance or intolerance of at least 2 prior kinase inhibitors. Ponatinib was initially approved in December 2012 but was briefly voluntarily withdrawn due to serious safety concerns including the risk of arterial occlusive events (AOE). It returned to the market in December 2013 with an indication limited to patients with T315I mutation or for whom no other tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy was indicated with revised warnings and precautions.

FDA approval summary: Crizotinib for pediatric and young adult patients with relapsed or refractory systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma.

In January 2021, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved crizotinib for pediatric patients 1 year and older and young adults with relapsed or refractory systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma (sALCL).

FDA Approval Summary: Ruxolitinib for Treatment of Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease after Failure of One or Two Lines of Systemic Therapy.

On September 22, 2021, the Food and Drug Administration approved ruxolitinib for the treatment of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) after the failure of one or two lines of systemic therapy in adult and pediatric patients 12 years and older. Approval was based on Study INCB 18424-365 (REACH-3; CINC424D2301; NCT03112603), a randomized, open-label, multicenter trial of ruxolitinib in comparison to best available therapy (BAT) for the treatment of corticosteroid-refractory cGVHD occurring after the allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. A total of 329 patients were randomized 1:1 to receive either ruxolitinib 10 mg twice daily (n = 165) or BAT (n = 164).

FDA Approval Summary: Oral Azacitidine for Continued Treatment of Adults with Acute Myeloid Leukemia Unable to Complete Intensive Curative Therapy.

On September 1, 2020, the FDA granted approval for oral azacitidine (Onureg, CC-486) for continued treatment of adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who achieved complete remission (CR) or complete remission with incomplete blood count recovery (CRi) following intensive induction chemotherapy and who are not able to complete intensive curative therapy. Approval was based on improvement in overall survival using CC-486 300 mg daily in a 2 weeks on/2 weeks off schedule in comparison with placebo (HR, 0.69; 95% confidence interval, 0.

FDA Approval Summary: Pembrolizumab, Atezolizumab, and Cemiplimab-rwlc as Single Agents for First-Line Treatment of Advanced/Metastatic PD-L1-High NSCLC.

FDA's approval of cemiplimab-rwlc on February 22, 2021, follows prior approvals of pembrolizumab and atezolizumab for similar indications as first-line treatment for patients with programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1)-high advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Approvals of these anti-PD-L1 agents were supported by statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements in overall survival (OS) in international, multicenter, active-controlled randomized trials. In KEYNOTE-024, the OS HR was 0.

HSP27 Protein Dampens Encephalomyocarditis Virus Replication by Stabilizing Melanoma Differentiation-Associated Gene 5.

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a protein family that respond to physiological stress, such as heat, starvation, and infection. As cellular protein chaperones, they play an important role in protein folding, assembly, and degradation. Though it is well known that HSP27 is involved in a range of viral infections, its role during an encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) infection is not known.