Whether the Indications for Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty Should Continue to Be Expanded? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: It is still unclear whether reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) has advantages over traditional hemiarthroplasty (HA) and anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (ATSA) in the treatment of complex shoulder joint diseases. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of RTSA in the treatment of complex shoulder joint diseases and further determine whether it is necessary to expand the indications of RTSA.

Method: We conducted a systematic search of studies published between January 1, 2012 and May 31, 2023 in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases.

Lewis Acid-Mediated Interfacial Water Supply for Sustainable Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis.

The catalyst-electrolyte interface plays a crucial role in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE). However, optimizing the interfacial hydrogen bonding to enhance both catalytic activity and stability remains a significant challenge. Here, a novel catalyst design strategy is proposed based on the hard-soft acid-base principle, employing hard Lewis acids (LAs = ZrO, TiO, HfO) to mediate the reconfiguration of interfacial hydrogen bonding, thereby enhancing the acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance of RuO.

Spatiotemporal dynamics of abstract concept processing: An MEG study.

Our current understanding of how linguistic concepts are represented and retrieved in the brain is largely based on studies using concrete language, and only few studies have focused on the neural correlates of abstract concepts. The role of the motor system, besides the classical language network, has been intensively discussed in action-related concrete concepts. To advance our understanding of spatiotemporal dynamics underlying abstract concept processing, our study investigated to what extent language and motor regions are engaged in the processing of abstract concepts vs.

A new tyrosine derivative isolated from an actinomycin D producing mangrove rhizosphere soil-derived A-30.

Chemical investigation of A-30, isolated from the mangrove plant rhizosphere soil resulted in the isolation of an optically new metabolite ()--(5-amino-2-hydroxy-1-oxopentyl)-tyrosine (), and seven known metabolites, including actinomycin D (), ()-2-methylhexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione (), uracil (), -acetyltyramine (), (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (), diorcinol (), and 4-hydroxyphenethyl alcohol (). Amongst, actinomycin D () was found to be a major component (1 g, 5.13%) and compound was isolated as a natural product for the first time.

Punicalagin Inhibits African Swine Fever Virus Replication by Targeting Early Viral Stages and Modulating Inflammatory Pathways.

African swine fever (ASF), caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV), has resulted in significant losses in the global pig industry. Considering the absence of effective vaccines, developing drugs against ASFV may be a crucial strategy for its prevention and control in the future. In this study, punicalagin, a polyphenolic substance extracted from pomegranate peel, was found to significantly inhibit ASFV replication in MA-104, PK-15, WSL, and 3D4/21 cells by screening an antiviral compound library containing 536 compounds.

A strongly coupled oxide-support heterostructure for efficient acidic water oxidation.

The synthesized RuO/MnCoO nano-heterostructure possesses dense interfaces and abundant defect structures, synergistically balancing oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity and stability. RuO/MnCoO exhibits a low overpotential of 190 mV at 10 mA cm. The proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer assembled can operate at 200 mA cm stably for 50 h.

Application of improved Unet network in the recognition and segmentation of lung CT images in patients with pneumoconiosis.

Background: Pneumoconiosis has a significant impact on the quality of patient survival. This study aims to evaluate the performance and application value of improved Unet network technology in the recognition and segmentation of lesion areas of lung CT images in patients with pneumoconiosis.

Methods: A total of 1212 lung CT images of patients with pneumoconiosis were retrospectively included.

Function investigation of p11.5 in ASFV infection.

Virus replication relies on complex interactions between viral proteins. In the case of African swine fever virus (ASFV), only a few such interactions have been identified so far. In this study, we demonstrate that ASFV protein p72 interacts with p11.

Exploiting the advantages of cationic copolymers and AgBr nanoparticles to optimize the antibacterial activity of chitosan.

Recently, the chitosan (CS)-based composites have attracted increasing attention for controlling and preventing the spread of pathogenic microorganisms. Herein, an amphiphilic copolymer containing epoxy and quaternary ammonium groups (PBGDBr) was synthesized via three common acrylate monomers. The epoxy groups of this copolymer were then crosslinked with the amino groups of CS to synthesize a natural/synthetic (PBGDBr-C) composite to increase the water solubility of CS under alkaline conditions and enhance its antibacterial activity based on chemical contact-type modes.

PB2 residue 473 contributes to the mammalian virulence of H7N9 avian influenza virus by modulating viral polymerase activity via ANP32A.

Since the first human infection reported in 2013, H7N9 avian influenza virus (AIV) has been regarded as a serious threat to human health. In this study, we sought to identify the virulence determinant of the H7N9 virus in mammalian hosts. By comparing the virulence of the SH/4664 H7N9 virus, a non-virulent H9N2 virus, and various H7N9-H9N2 hybrid viruses in infected mice, we first pinpointed PB2 as the primary viral factor accounting for the difference between H7N9 and H9N2 in mammalian virulence.

Application of CRISPR/Cas9 for Rapid Genome Editing of Pseudorabies Virus and Bovine Herpesvirus-1.

The CRISPR/Cas9 system is widely used to manipulate viral genomes. Although genomes are large and complicated to edit, in recent years several Pseudorabies virus (PRV) mutants have been successfully generated using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. However, the application of CRISPR/Cas9 editing on another member of alpha herpesviruses, bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1), is rarely reported.

The effect of physical interventions on pain control after orthodontic treatment: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Objective: Pain is a frequent adverse reaction during orthodontic treatment, which can significantly reduce treatment compliance and compromise the expected treatment effect. Physical interventions have been used to alleviate pain after orthodontic treatment, but their effectiveness is controversial. This study used a network meta-analysis to assess the efficacy of various physical interventions typically used in managing pain after orthodontic treatment, with a view to provide evidence-based recommendations for representative interventions for orthodontic pain relief during peak pain intensity.

Garcinol prevents oxidative stress-induced bone loss and dysfunction of BMSCs through NRF2-antioxidant signaling.

There are multiple published data showing that excessive oxidative stress contributes to bone loss and even bone tissue damage, and it is also correlated with the pathophysiology of bone degenerative diseases, including osteoporosis (OP). Garcinol, a polyisoprenylated benzophenone derivative, has been recently established as an anti-oxidant agent. However, it remains elusive whether Garcinol protects bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and bone tissue from oxidative stress-induced damage.

Pathogenicity and horizontal transmission evaluation of a novel isolated African swine fever virus strain with a three-large-fragment-gene deletion.

African swine fever has caused substantial economic losses to China`s pig industry in recent years. Currently, the highly pathogenic African swine fever virus strain of genotype II is predominantly circulating in China, accompanied by a series of emerging isolates displaying unique genetic variations. The pathogenicity of these emerging strains is still unclear.

Spatial transcriptomics and single-nucleus RNA sequencing reveal a transcriptomic atlas of adult human spinal cord.

Despite the recognized importance of the spinal cord in sensory processing, motor behaviors, and neural diseases, the underlying organization of neuronal clusters and their spatial location remain elusive. Recently, several studies have attempted to define the neuronal types and functional heterogeneity in the spinal cord using single-cell or single-nucleus RNA sequencing in animal models or developing humans. However, molecular evidence of cellular heterogeneity in the adult human spinal cord is limited.

MAPK1 Mediates MAM Disruption and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Diabetic Kidney Disease via the PACS-2-Dependent Mechanism.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Mitochondrial dysfunction in renal tubules, occurring early in the disease, is linked to the development of DKD, although the underlying pathways remain unclear. Here, we examine diabetic human and mouse kidneys, and HK-2 cells exposed to high glucose, to show that high glucose disrupts mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane (MAM) and causes mitochondrial fragmentation.

Clinical observation of Gofried positive buttress reduction in the treatment of young femoral neck fracture: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Femoral neck fractures in young adults(<65 years), have always been a difficult problem, characterized by high rates of nonunion and avascular necrosis (AVN). The clinical efficacy of anatomical reduction and non-anatomical reduction methods needs to be supported by clinical data. Therefore, we conduct a meta-analysis on the clinical efficacy of different reduction methods to better guide clinical practice.

A self-assembled graphene oxide adjuvant induces both enhanced humoral and cellular immune responses in influenza vaccine.

Antiviral vaccine is essential for preventing and controlling virus spreading, along with declining morbidity and mortality. A major challenge in effective vaccination lies in the ability to enhance both the humoral and cellular immune responses by adjuvants. Herein, self-assembled nanoparticles based on graphene oxide quantum dots with components of carnosine, resiquimod and Zn ions, namely ZnGC-R, are designed as a new adjuvant for influenza vaccine.

Viral infections inhibit saponin biosynthesis and photosynthesis in Panax notoginseng.

Virus-infected Panax notoginseng plants with chlorotic, mosaic, and pitted leaves are ubiquitous in the primary P. notoginseng-producing region in Wenshan autonomous prefecture, Yunnan province, China. However, the viruses that infect P.

Ferri-hydrite: A Novel Electron-Selective Contact Layer for InP Photovoltaic and Photoelectrochemical Cells.

Solar energy conversion devices with charge-selective contacts are attracting significant research interest as a cost-effective alternative to homojunction counterparts. This study presents a novel approach for fabricating high-performance solar cells based on InP heterojunctions using a solution-processed ferri-hydrite (Fh) electron-selective contact (ESC). The champion cell efficiency of 16.

Characterization of the biological and transcriptomic signatures of natural killer cells derived from cord blood and peripheral blood.

Longitudinal studies have indicated the pivotal role of natural killer cells (NKs) in the elimination of certain infections and malignancies. Currently, perinatal blood (PB) and cord blood (CB) have been considered with promising prospective for autogenous and allogeneic NKs transplantation, yet the similarities and differences at the biological and molecular levels are largely obscure. We isolated mononuclear cells (MNCs) from PB and CB, and compared the biological phenotypes of resident NKs by flow cytometry and cell counting.

Comparative Population Dynamics of (Cyprinidae: Schizothoracinae) in the Middle Reaches of the Yalong River and the Upper Reaches of the Jinsha River, China.

To explore the differences in the growth characteristics and population dynamics of populations in the Jinsha River (JSR) and the Yalong River (YLR), samples were collected in the upper reaches of the JSR ( = 230) from 2019 to 2020 and the middle reaches of the YLR ( = 187) from 2017 to 2018. In the JSR and YLR populations, the age range was 11 and 12 years old, respectively, and the best growth equation was the Von Bertalanffy equation. The comparative analysis of the two populations showed that the growth coefficient, initial sexual maturity age and age at first capture of the YLR population were greater than those of the JSR population.