Effect of adding heparin to parenteral nutrition on catheter intraluminal obstruction based on scanning electron microscopy in preterm neonates: A non-inferiority, randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the need for adding heparin to parenteral nutrition (PN) on reducing catheter intraluminal obstruction based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) in preterm neonates.

Methods: In this randomized controlled blinded non-inferiority trial, neonates with gestational age <32 weeks requiring PICC to receive PN were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups. In the heparin group, 0.

Effects of Yellow Sea Warm Current on zooplankton community composition and functional groups in winter.

The Yellow Sea Warm Current (YSWC) constitutes a significant hydrological feature in the Yellow Sea, particularly prominent during winter, facilitating the transport of warm, saline waters and warm-water species from the open sea to the Bohai and Yellow Seas. The YSWC induces alterations in the community structure and function of zooplankton. However, the effects of the YSWC on the functional trait compositions and functional groups of zooplankton remain unclear.

Vasodilators for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn: A network meta-analysis.

Objectives: To compare the efficacy and safety of different vasodilators in the treatment of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) by a Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Methods: We searched databases (Cochrane, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science) from January, 1990 up to December, 2023. Randomized controlled trials on the use of vasodilators in the treatment of PPHN.

CACNA1H restrains chemotherapy resistance in ovarian clear cell carcinoma cells by repressing autophagy.

Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is a subtype of ovarian cancer and is highly malignant with high chemoresistance. CACNA1H is pivotal in tumor development. However, the role of CACNA1H in the acquisition process of chemotherapeutic resistance in OCCC cells is rarely reported.

A comprehensive diversity analysis on the gut microbiomes of ASD patients: from alpha, beta to gamma diversities.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is estimated to influence as many as 1% children worldwide, but its etiology is still unclear. It has been suggested that gut microbiomes play an important role in regulating abnormal behaviors associated with ASD. A de facto standard analysis on the microbiome-associated diseases has been diversity analysis, and nevertheless, existing studies on ASD-microbiome relationship have not produced a consensus.

The impact of the route of administration on the efficacy and safety of the drug therapy for patent ductus arteriosus in premature infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to explore the potential impact of the route of administration on the efficacy of therapies and occurrence of adverse events when administering medications to premature infants with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).

Method: The protocol for this review has been registered with PROSPERO (CRD 42022324598). We searched relevant studies in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and the Web of Science databases from March 26, 1996, to January 31, 2022.

CXCL8 Promotes Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition of Endothelial Cells and Protects Cells from Erastin-Induced Ferroptosis via CXCR2-Mediated Activation of the NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

CXCL8-CXCR1/CXCR2 signaling pathways might form complex crosstalk among different cell types within the ovarian tumor microenvironment, thereby modulating the behaviors of different cells. This study aimed to investigate the expression pattern of CXCL8 in the ovarian tumor microenvironment and its impact on both endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) and ferroptosis of endothelial cells. The human monocytic cell line THP-1 and the human umbilical vein endothelial cell line PUMC-HUVEC-T1 were used to conduct in vitro studies.

Trait-based approach revealed the seasonal variation of mesozooplankton functional groups in the South Yellow Sea.

Unlabelled: Functional traits determine the fitness of organisms and mirror their ecological functions. Although trait-based approaches provide ecological insights, it is underexploited for marine zooplankton, particularly with respect to seasonal variation. Here, based on four major functional traits, including body length, feeding type, trophic group, and reproduction mode, we quantified the seasonal variations of mesozooplankton functional groups in the South Yellow Sea (SYS) in the spring, summer, and autumn of 2018.

Latitudinal transition of epipelagic mesozooplankton in the northwestern Pacific in winter.

The northwestern Pacific (NWP) is a hotspot of marine biodiversity study, and zooplankton is a crucial secondary producer in the marine ecosystem. It is of utmost importance to do extensive study on the distribution of zooplankton community in the NWP. The distribution of epipelagic zooplankton community in the 143-146°E section between the equator and 36°N in winter was examined in this study.

Further Quantifying the Niche-Neutral Continuum of Human Digestive Tract Microbiomes with Near Neutral Model and Stochasticity Analysis.

It is postulated that the human digestive tract (DT) from mouth to intestine is differentiated into diverse niches. For example, Segata et al. discovered that the microbiomes of diverse habitats along the DT could be distinguished as 4 types (niches) including (i) stool; (ii) sub-gingival plaques (SubP) and supra-gingival plaques (SupP); (iii) tongue dorsum (TD), throat (TH), palatine tonsils (PT), and saliva (Sal); and (iv) hard palate (HP) and buccal mucosa (BM), and keratinized gingiva (KG).

Reduced Fitness and Elevated Oxidative Stress in the Marine Copepod Exposed to the Toxic Dinoflagellate .

Blooms of the toxic dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi cause devastation to marine life, including declines of fitness and population recruitment. However, little is known about the effects of them on benthic copepods. Here, we assessed the acute and chronic effects of K.

Molecular Cloning and Expression Responses of to High-Temperature Treatment in Nile Tilapia ().

Nile tilapia is a GSD + TE (Genetic Sex Determination + Temperature Effect) fish, and high-temperature treatment during critical thermosensitive periods (TSP) can induce the sex reversal of Nile tilapia genetic females, and brain transcriptomes have revealed the upregulation of (Jumonji and AT-rich domain containing 2) expression after 36 °C high-temperature treatment for 12 days during TSP. It was shown that JARID2 forms a complex with polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) that catalyzed H3K27me3, which was strongly associated with transcriptional repression. In this study, was cloned and characterized in Nile tilapia, which was highly conserved among the analyzed fish species.

Effect of Fe(III) Species on the Stability of a Water-Model Oil Emulsion with an Anionic Sulfonate Surfactant as an Emulsifier.

The stability of an emulsion has an important effect on enhancing oil recovery. However, the effect of ions with different valences on the stability of the emulsion emulsified by an ionic surfactant is not fully understood. In this study, the effects of Fe(III) species on the stability, microscopic morphology of droplets, interfacial properties, and rheological properties of water-model oil emulsions emulsified by sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate (SDBS) were explored.

Diversity-scaling analysis of human breast milk microbiomes from population perspective.

Quantitative measuring the population-level diversity-scaling of human microbiomes is different from conventional approach to traditional individual-level diversity analysis, and it is of obvious significance. For example, it is well known that individuals are of significant heterogeneity with their microbiome diversities, and the population-level analysis can effectively capture such kind of individual differences. Here we reanalyze a dozen datasets of 2,115 human breast milk microbiome (BMM) samples with diversity-area relationship (DAR) to tackle the previous questions.

Power law analysis of the human milk microbiome.

The human breast milk microbiome (HMM) has far reached health implications for both mothers and infants, and understanding the structure and dynamics of milk microbial communities is therefore of critical biomedical importance. Community heterogeneity, which has certain commonalities with familiar diversity but also with certain fundamental differences, is an important aspect of community structure and dynamics. Taylor's (1961) power law (TPL) (Nature, 1961) was discovered to govern the mean-variance power function relationship of population abundances and can be used to characterize population spatial aggregation (heterogeneity) and/or temporal stability.

Niche-Neutral Continuum Seems to Explain the Global Niche Differentiation and Local Drift of the Human Digestive Tract Microbiome.

The human digestive tract (DT) is differentiated into diverse niches and harbors the greatest microbiome diversity of our bodies. Segata et al. (2012) found that the microbiome of diverse habitats along the DT may be classified as four categories or niches with different microbial compositions and metabolic potentials.

Host-Population Microbial Diversity Scaling of Chinese Gut Microbiomes in Gout Patients.

Gout is a prevalent chronic inflammatory disease that affects the life of tens of millions of people worldwide, and it typically presents as gout arthritis, gout stone, or even kidney damage. Research has revealed its connection with the gut microbiome, although exact mechanism is still unclear. Studies have shown the decline of microbiome diversity in gout patients and change of microbiome compositions between the gout patients and healthy controls.

Role of a Nanocomposite Pour Point Depressant on Wax Deposition in Different Flow Patterns from the Perspective of Crystallization Kinetics.

Wax deposition is one of the core issues affecting flow assurance studies of crude oil pipelines, particularly with deep and ultradeep water conditions. Nanocomposite pour point depressants (NPPDs) provide a novel and effective strategy for inhibiting wax deposition and have recently attracted increasing research attention. Although recent advances have been made in understanding the performance and mechanism of NPPDs, the effect of flow pattern remains an open question.

Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promotes neurogenesis after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in neonatal rats.

Objective: Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) endangers quality of life in children, and curative attempts are rarely effective. Neurogenesis plays an important role in neural repair following brain damage. This study aimed to investigate the role of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) in neurogenesis after neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD).

Diversity Scaling Analysis of Chinese Gut Microbiomes Across Ethnicities and Lifestyles.

Diversity scaling (changes) of human gut microbiome is important because it measures the inter-individual heterogeneity of diversity and other important parameters of population-level diversity. Understanding the heterogeneity of microbial diversity can be used as a reference for the personalized medicine of microbiome-associated diseases. Similar to diversity , diversity scaling may also be influenced by host factors, especially lifestyles and ethnicities.

Genome of the estuarine oyster provides insights into climate impact and adaptive plasticity.

Understanding the roles of genetic divergence and phenotypic plasticity in adaptation is central to evolutionary biology and important for assessing adaptive potential of species under climate change. Analysis of a chromosome-level assembly and resequencing of individuals across wide latitude distribution in the estuarine oyster (Crassostrea ariakensis) revealed unexpectedly low genomic diversity and population structures shaped by historical glaciation, geological events and oceanographic forces. Strong selection signals were detected in genes responding to temperature and salinity stress, especially of the expanded solute carrier families, highlighting the importance of gene expansion in environmental adaptation.

Effectiveness of azithromycin mass drug administration on trachoma: a systematic review.

Backgrounds: Azithromycin mass drug administration (MDA) is a key part of the strategy for controlling trachoma. This systematic review aimed to comprehensively summarize the present studies of azithromycin MDA on trachoma; provide an overview of the impact of azithromycin MDA on trachoma in different districts; and explore the possible methods to enhance the effectiveness of azithromycin MDA in hyperendemic districts.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.