Thermodynamic properties of pinned nanobubbles.

We present molecular dynamics simulations to study the thermodynamics of nanobubbles trapped at the mouth of narrow slit pores. Except when the slit dimensions are comparable to typical molecular sizes, the predictions of macroscopic thermodynamic theory are recovered by our simulations. Our simulations confirm that in this case, the internal pressure of stable nanobubbles is independent of the bubble radius and the surface tension and only depends on the bulk properties of the solute-containing solution, i.

Government controls, non-government reactions: Private radio manufacturing and the development of amateur radio in China (1912-1949).

As in most countries, the Republic of China's development of amateur radio benefited from the appeal of the amateur radio medium as well as characteristics of its technology, and it was also impacted by external factors such as war. Against a background of tradition, newly formed, but extremely strong, popular scientific beliefs fueled conflicts between state power and folk forces which played a key role in China's amateur radio development. In this study we will explore the tensions between the Chinese government's concerns for national security and distrust of folk radio research, and the rising, public demand for amateur radio.

Femoral Anteversion Angle as a Predictor of Anterior Hip Labral Length in Patients With Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome.

Background: The relationship between hip rotational abnormalities and hip labral size has not been fully investigated.

Purposes: To (1) examine the correlation between rotational abnormalities of the hip and labral size, while also identifying other predictive values for hip labral size, and (2) explore whether femoral torsion will lead to increased labral size.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.

Paternal Preconception Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Risk of Congenital Heart Disease in Offspring.

Importance: Previous evidence suggests that maternal hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection during prepregnancy or pregnancy is associated with congenital heart diseases (CHDs) in offspring. However, the association of paternal HBV infection with CHDs is not well examined.

Objective: To explore the association of paternal preconception HBV infection with CHDs in offspring.

Visualizing ClO fluctuations in drug-induced liver injury and bacterium via a robust ratiometric fluorescent probe.

As a type of reactive oxygen species, hypochlorous acid (ClO) plays an important role in sterilization, disinfection and protection in organisms. However, excessive production of ClO is closely related to various diseases. In this work, we have designed a robust ratiometric fluorescent probe, RDB-ClO, using the excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) strategy.

Increased combined anteversion is associated with larger posterior acetabular rim ossification in patients with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome.

Purpose: (1) To determine the prevalence, magnitude and distribution pattern of acetabular rim ossification in patients with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) and (2) to determine the association between acetabular rim ossification and rotational abnormalities of the hip.

Methods: Patients underwent hip arthroscopic surgery for FAIS at our institute between January 2021 and May 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were included if preoperative computed tomography (CT) images of the operated hip and ipsilateral distal femur were available for the measurement of femoral and acetabular anteversion.

Association of psychological stress with wives' hypertension across over 10 million Chinese married female population aged 20-49 years.

Background: Psychological stress has been reported to be a potential risk factor for hypertension among females, but it remains unclear whether spousal chronic stress levels alter the risk of hypertension among women. We examined the associations between stress within the family and hypertension among married women.

Methods: Reproductive-aged women who were planning for pregnancy and their husbands were recruited from the National Free Pre-pregnancy Checkup Projects (NFPCP) across 31 provinces in China in 2016 and 2017.

Interpregnancy Interval After Healthy Live Birth and Subsequent Spontaneous Abortion.

Importance: Many studies have reported that the interpregnancy interval (IPI) is a potential modifiable risk factor for adverse perinatal outcomes. However, the association between IPI after live birth and subsequent spontaneous abortion (SA) is unclear.

Objective: To investigate the association of IPI after a healthy live birth and subsequent SA.

Rapid-response near-infrared fluorescence probe for colorimetric detection of HClO and its applications in environmental monitoring and biological imaging.

As a crucial endogenous reactive oxygen species, hypochlorous acid (HClO) plays an indispensable role in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Additionally, it serves as a biomarker closely associated with inflammation and liver injury. The utilization of near-infrared fluorescence probes has surged in recent years for live biological imaging, owing to their minimal tissue damage and potent tissue penetration capabilities.

Exercise activates interferon response of the liver via Gpld1 to enhance antiviral innate immunity.

Healthy behavioral patterns could modulate organ functions to enhance the body's immunity. However, how exercise regulates antiviral innate immunity remains elusive. Here, we found that exercise promotes type I interferon (IFN-I) production in the liver and enhances IFN-I immune activity of the body.

Association between fine particulate matter and fecundability in Henan, China: A prospective cohort study.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between ambient fine particulate matter (PM) exposure and fecundability.

Methods: This study included 751,270 female residents from Henan Province who participated in the National Free Pre-conception Check-up Projects during 2015-2017. Ambient cycle-specific PM exposure was assessed at the county level for each participant using satellite-based PM concentration data at 1-km resolution.

Construction of TiO/CuPc Heterojunctions for the Efficient Photocatalytic Reduction of CO with Water.

Utilizing solar energy for photocatalytic CO reduction is an attractive research field because of its convenience, safety, and practicality. The selection of an appropriate photocatalyst is the key to achieve efficient CO reduction. Herein, we report the synthesis of TiO/CuPc heterojunctions by compositing CuPc with TiO microspheres via a hydroxyl-induced self-assembly process.

Maternal Preconception Serum Alanine Aminotransferase Levels and Risk of Preterm Birth among Reproductive-Aged Women - China, 2013-2017.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: The significance of maternal liver health concerning preterm birth (PTB) is well recognized; however, there is a gap in understanding the precise influence of preconception serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels on the risk of PTB.

What Is Added By This Report?: In this retrospective cohort study, a J-shaped relationship between preconception serum ALT levels and risk of PTB was observed, indicating that both significantly elevated and decreased ALT levels may contribute to the risk.

What Are The Implications For Public Health Practice?: Maintaining optimal preconception serum ALT levels may reduce the risk of PTB, thereby informing specific preventive measures for women of reproductive age.

A capillary-induced negative pressure is able to initiate heterogeneous cavitation.

A capillarity-induced negative pressure is of general importance for understanding the phase behaviors of liquids in small pores and cracks. A unique example is the embolism in the xylem of plants and the cavitation at the limiting negative pressure generated by evaporation of water from nanocapillaries in the cell walls of leaves. In this work, by combining the effect of a capillary and cavitation together, we demonstrate with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations that capillarity is able to induce spontaneous cavitation in the presence of hydrophobic heterogeneities.

Husband smoking is associated with Wife's thyrotropin abnormality: A population-based cohort study among Chinese reproductive-aged women.

Objectives: To comprehensively assess the association of husband smoking with wives' thyrotropin abnormality.

Methods: This population-based retrospective cohort study included 2 406 090 Chinese reproductive-aged women who had participated twice in the National Free Pre-pregnancy Checkups Project between 2010 and 2020. Multivariate-adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for subnormal and supranormal thyrotropin were estimated according to the husband's smoking status.

Solutal Marangoni force controls lateral motion of electrolytic gas bubbles.

Electrochemical gas-evolving reactions have been widely used for industrial energy conversion and storage processes. Gas bubbles form frequently at the electrode surface due to a small gas solubility, thereby reducing the effective reaction area and increasing the over-potential and ohmic resistance. However, the growth and motion mechanisms for tiny gas bubbles on the electrode remains elusive.

An immune window of opportunity to prevent spontaneous abortion: prepregnancy peripheral leukocytes and subsets were associated with a decreased risk of spontaneous abortion.

Study Question: Do prepregnancy peripheral leukocytes (PPLs) and their subsets influence the risk of spontaneous abortion (SAB)?

Summary Answer: PPLs and their subsets are associated with the risk of SAB.

What Is Known Already: Compelling studies have revealed the crucial role of maternal peripheral leukocytes in embryo implantation and pregnancy maintenance. Adaptive changes are made by PPLs and their subsets after conception.

Dual-channel versatile molecular sensing platform for individual and successive HClO and HS detection: Applicable in toxic alerts of environmental samples and living organisms.

In this study, we have successfully developed a novel dual-response fluorescent probe, NACou, designed for the visual and quantitative detection of HClO/HS in real water samples and liquid beverages by a thin-film sensing platform. Additionally, NACou demonstrated efficacy for sensing HClO/HS in HeLa cells, plants and zebrafish through distinct fluorescent channels, yielding satisfactory results. NACou exhibited a multi-modal fluorescence response mechanism for detecting HClO and HS with remarkable low detection limits of 27.

214.7 Tbit/s S, C, and L-band transmission over 50 km SSMF based on silicon photonic integrated transceivers.

We experimentally demonstrate a 214.7 Tbit/s generalized mutual information (GMI) estimated throughput by ultra-wideband wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) transmission in standard single-mode fiber (SSMF). With 50-GHz grid, 396 transmission channels are used to deliver 49 GBaud probabilistically constellation-shaped (PCS) 256 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) and PCS-64QAM signals.

Rapid Raman spectroscopic identification of three homoisoflavanones in polygonatum odoratum based on twice chromatography derivatization.

The aim of this study was to establish a new method for the determination of homoisoflavanones (Ⅲ, Ⅳ, V) in polygonatum odoratum(POD) by combination of thin layer chromatography (TLC) and chemical derivative resonance Raman spectroscopy (RRS). The twice chromatography method of TLC was used to improve the specificity of the component to be tested; the method of the relative Rf was used to reduce the use of the reference substance of the component to be tested; the chemical derivatization method was used to improve the signal intensity of Raman spectrum for the component to be tested in POD, so as to obtain a trace amount fingerprint structure information of the measured component. The method exhibits robust specificity, high sensitivity, and reliable stability, there by offering a novel reference approach for the identification and evaluation of homoisoflavanones (Ⅲ, Ⅳ, V) in POD.