Surfactant-tolerance evolution of Bacillus clausii protease for enhancing activity and stability by reshaping the substrate access tunnel.

Alkali proteases are crucial in numerous industries, especially in the laundry industry, but their inactivation by surfactants limits their effectiveness. This study employed substrate access tunnel engineering to improve the performance of WT bcPRO in surfactants. By modifying the key residues in the substrate pocket, the best variant N212S showed higher stability and activity in both AES and LAS.

BsuMI regulates DNA transformation in Bacillus subtilis besides the defense system and the constructed strain with BsuMI-absence is applicable as a universal transformation platform for wild-type Bacillus.

Background: To effectively introduce plasmids into Bacillus species and conduct genetic manipulations in Bacillus chassis strains, it is essential to optimize transformation methods. These methods aim to extend the period of competence and enhance the permeability of the cell membrane to facilitate the entry of exogenous DNA. Although various strategies have been explored, few studies have delved into identifying metabolites and pathways associated with enhanced competence.

N-Terminal Sequences of Signal Peptides Assuming Critical Roles in Expression of Heterologous Proteins in .

The N-terminal sequences of proteins and their corresponding encoding sequences may play crucial roles in the heterologous expression. In this study, the secretory expression of alkaline pectin lyase APL in was investigated to explore the effects of the N-terminal 5-7 amino acid sequences of different signal peptides on the protein expression and secretion. It was identified for the first time that the first five amino acid sequences of the N-terminal of the signal peptide (SPLipA) from lipase A play an important role in promoting the expression of APL.

Extracellular Overexpression of a Neutral Pullulanase in through Multiple Copy Genome Integration and Atypical Secretion Pathway Enhancement.

Neutral pullulanases, having a good application prospect in trehalose production, showed a limited expression level. In order to address this issue, two approaches were utilized to enhance the yield of a new neutral pullulanase variant (PulA3E) in . One involved using multiple copies of genome integration to increase its expression level and fermentation stability.

[Gene-gene/gene-environment interaction of transforming growth factor-β signaling pathway and the risk of non-syndromic oral clefts].

Objective: To explore the association between polymorphisms of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway and non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) among Asian populations, while considering gene-gene interaction and gene-environment interaction.

Methods: A total of 1 038 Asian NSCL/P case-parent trios were ascertained from an international consortium, which conducted a genome-wide association study using a case-parent trio design to investigate the genes affec-ting risk to NSCL/P. After stringent quality control measures, 343 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) spanning across 10 pivotal genes in the TGF-β signaling pathway were selected from the original genome-wide association study(GWAS) dataset for further analysis.

Development and external validation of a quantitative diagnostic model for malignant gastric lesions in clinical opportunistic screening: A multicenter real-world study.

Background: Clinical opportunistic screening is a cost-effective cancer screening modality. This study aimed to establish an easy-to-use diagnostic model serving as a risk stratification tool for identification of individuals with malignant gastric lesions for opportunistic screening.

Methods: We developed a questionnaire-based diagnostic model using a joint dataset including two clinical cohorts from northern and southern China.

A novel starch-active lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase discovered with bioinformatics screening and its application in textile desizing.

Background: Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) catalyzing the oxidative cleavage of different types of polysaccharides have potential to be used in various industries. However, AA13 family LPMOs which specifically catalyze starch substrates have relatively less members than AA9 and AA10 families to limit their application range. Amylase has been used in enzymatic desizing treatment of cotton fabric for semicentury which urgently need for new assistant enzymes to improve reaction efficiency and reduce cost so as to promote their application in the textile industry.

Gender disparities in the mediating role of symptom knowledge level in reducing acute coronary syndrome (ACS) decision delay: Findings from a community-based study in China.

Background: Implementing training programs to educate patients on the prodromal symptoms of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) may assist patients in accurately recognizing these symptoms, and ultimately decrease their time delay in seeking emergency medical services (EMS). However, the effectiveness of this approach remains uncertain, particularly among the Chinese population.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted within 22 communities in Beijing, China between 2015 and 2018, with a total of 1099 participants recruited.

[Developments of core technologies in industrial enzymes and green bioprocessing].

The green bio-manufacturing industry, characterized with high efficiency, safety, energy-saving, and environmental-friendliness, is a national strategic emerging industry with broad market prospect. Industrial enzyme is the "chip" of green biological process. The exploitation and application of new industrial enzymes is one of the core enabling technologies of green bio-manufacturing.

Trehalose Production Using Three Extracellular Enzymes Produced via One-Step Fermentation of an Engineered Strain.

At present, the double-enzyme catalyzed method using maltooligosyltrehalose synthase (MTSase) and maltooligosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase (MTHase) is the mainstream technology for industrial trehalose production. However, MTSase and MTHase are prepared mainly using the heterologous expression in the engineered strains so far. In this study, we first proved that the addition of 3 U/g neutral pullulanase PulA could enhance the trehalose conversion rate by 2.

Absence of Lugol staining indicates initiation of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A combined genomic and epidemiologic study.

The genomic characteristics during the carcinogenic process of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain largely unknown. We report here the genomic characteristics of 106 esophageal tissues of various stages from a population-based screening cohort in China ("Endoscopic Screening for Esophageal Cancer in China" trial) and 57 ESCC tissues from a local hospital. A significant increase in somatic mutation and copy number alterations is observed in the non-dysplastic Lugol unstaining lesions (ND-LULs).

A pedigree-based cohort to study the genetic risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases: study design, baseline characteristics and preliminary results.

Background: We initiated the Fujian Tulou Pedigree-based Cohort (FTPC) as the integration of extended pedigrees and prospective cohort to clarify the genetic and environmental risk factors of cardiometabolic diseases.

Methods: FTPC was carried out in Nanjing County, Fujian Province, China from August 2015 to December 2017 to recruit probands with the same surnames and then enroll their first-degree and more distant relatives. The participants were asked to complete questionnaire interview, physical examination, and blood collection.

High-level production of pullulan and its biosynthesis regulation in BL06.

Pullulan has many potential applications in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic and environmental industries. However, the yield and molecular properties of pullulan produced by various strains still need to be promoted to fit the application needs. A novel yeast-like strain BL06 producing high molecular weight (Mw) pullulan (3.

Development and External Validation of an Improved Version of the Diagnostic Model for Opportunistic Screening of Malignant Esophageal Lesions.

We aimed to develop an improved version of the diagnostic model predicting the risk of malignant esophageal lesions in opportunistic screening and validate it in external populations. The development set involved 10,595 outpatients receiving endoscopy from a hospital in Hua County, a high-risk region for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in northern China. Validation set A enrolled 9453 outpatients receiving endoscopy in a non-high-risk region in southern China.

Update and validation of a diagnostic model to identify prevalent malignant lesions in esophagus in general population.

Background: Previous risk prediction models taking esophageal malignant lesions detected during endoscopy as the primary outcome are not always sufficient to identify prevalent cases which are "overlooked" at screening. We aimed to update and externally validate our previous risk prediction model for malignant esophageal lesions by redefining the predicted outcome.

Methods: 15,192 individuals from the Endoscopic Screening for Esophageal Cancer in China randomized controlled trial (ESECC trial, NCT01688908) were included as the training set, and 4576 participants from another population-based esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) screening cohort (Anyang Esophageal Cancer Cohort Study, AECCS) served as the external validation set.

Development and validation of a questionnaire-based risk scoring system to identify individuals at high risk for gastric cancer in Chinese populations.

Objective: This study aimed to develop and validate a risk scoring system to identify high-risk individuals carrying malignant lesions in stomach for tailored gastric cancer screening.

Methods: A gastric cancer risk scoring system (GC-RSS) was developed based on questionnaire-based predictors for gastric cancer derived from systematic literature review. To assess the capability of this system for discrimination, risk scores for 8,214 and 7,235 outpatient subjects accepting endoscopic examination in two endoscopy centers, and 32,630 participants in a community-based cohort in China were calculated to plot receiver operating characteristic curves and generate area under the curve (AUC).

A pyruvate-centered metabolic regulation mechanism for the enhanced expression of exogenous genes in Escherichia coli.

A novel Escherichia coli efficient expression system had been constructed in our previous study. The system was based on the overexpression of endogenous genes prpD and malK to enhance the expression of exogenous genes. In this study, a general regulatory mechanism of prpD and malK was first revealed through transcriptome analysis and many experimental verifications.

Evidence of the folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism pathway genes in controlling the non-syndromic oral clefts risks.

The folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism pathway is thought to play an important role in the etiology of non-syndromic oral clefts (NSOFC), although none of the genes in this pathway has shown significant signals in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Recent evidence indicated that enhanced understanding could be gained by aggregating multiple SNPs effect simultaneously into polygenic risk score (PRS) to assess its association with disease risks. This study is aimed to assess the association between the genetic effect of folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism pathway and NSOFC risks using PRS based on a case-parent trio design.

Regulate the hydrophobic motif to enhance the non-classical secretory expression of Pullulanase PulA in Bacillus subtilis.

Bacillus subtilis has been widely used as a prokaryotic host for the secretory expression of heterologous proteins. In this study, a pullulanase (PulA) from Anoxybacillus sp. LM18-11 was firstly identified to be expressed in Bacillus subtilis 1A751 through non-classical secretion pathway.

Wound complications and bleeding with new oral anticoagulants in patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Aims: The results of associations between new oral anticoagulants (NOACs) and wound complications after total joint arthroplasty remain inconsistent. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to make comparisons with low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) on the clinical outcomes of total wound complications, together with other efficacy and safety endpoints to further evaluate the safety and efficacy of NOACs.

Methods: This meta-analysis was conducted based on a published protocol (PROSPERO: CRD42019140841).

Multiplex genetic engineering improves endogenous expression of mesophilic α-amylase gene in a wild strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 205.

A wild strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 205 was screened for its high activity of α-amylase. A mesophilic α-amylase encoding gene amyE-205 was revealed and analyzed by genome sequencing. In order to facilitate plasmid transformation to strain 205, an interspecific plasmid transformation method was improved with 5-13 times higher in transformants than that of electronic transformation.

Enhanced Heterologous Production of Glycosyltransferase UGT76G1 by Co-Expression of Endogenous and in and Its Transglycosylation Application in Production of Rebaudioside.

Steviol glycosides (SGs) with zero calories and high-intensity sweetness are the best substitutes of sugar for the human diet. Uridine diphosphate dependent glycosyltransferase (UGT) UGT76G1, as a key enzyme for the biosynthesis of SGs with a low heterologous expression level, hinders its application. In this study, a suitable fusion partner, Smt3, was found to enhance the soluble expression of UGT76G1 by 60%.

The Paradox Association between Smoking and Blood Pressure among Half Million Chinese People.

: The association between smoking and blood pressure (BP) has been explored extensively, yet the results remain inconclusive. Using real-world evidence of a large Chinese population, we examine the effect of smoking on BP levels. : We utilize half a million adults from the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) study with baseline sampling collected between 2004 and 2008.

High-level extracellular production of an alkaline pectate lyase in BL21 (DE3) and its application in bioscouring of cotton fabric.

A high heterologous expression of an alkaline pectate lyase (APL) pelNK93I in was obtained through optimizing the lactose feeding and fed-batch fermentation. The highest soluble APL activity produced by BL21 (pET22b-) was 10,181 U/mL which is the highest level so far. On this basis, to improve the extracellular yield of APL, optimized glycine feeding was used to achieve elevated extracellular production of pelNK93I.