Risk factors for acute kidney injury in preterm neonates after noncardiac surgery: a single-center retrospective cohort study.

Postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication that is associated with chronic kidney disease, early postsurgical mortality, and prolonged hospital stays. Preterm neonates who undergo surgery are at risk factors for AKI due to underdeveloped kidneys. To date, little is known about the incidence and perioperative risk factors for AKI in preterm neonates undergoing noncardiac surgery.

Rivaroxaban and Aspirin in Drug-Coated Balloon Angioplasty for Femoropopliteal In-Stent Restenosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: After drug-coated balloon (DCB) treatment of the femoropopliteal artery in-stent restenosis (ISR), a certain proportion of patients also experience target lesion restenosis. The purpose of this study was to explore the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban combined with aspirin in the treatment of ISR after DCB intervention.

Methods: Patients who underwent DCB treatment for ISR after femoropopliteal artery intervention at our center from March 2017 to February 2022 were included consecutively.

Hypoxaemia risk in pediatric flexible bronchoscopy for foreign body removal: a retrospective study.

Background: Hypoxemia represents the most prevalent adverse event during flexible bronchoscopy procedures aimed at foreign body retrieval in pediatric patients; if not expeditiously managed, it carries the potential for cardiac or respiratory arrest. The specific risk factors contributing to the occurrence of hypoxemia during foreign body FB removal via bronchoscopy have yet to be definitively established.

Methods: This retrospective study included a cohort of 266 pediatric subjects from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2022, who underwent flexible bronchoscopy for the purpose of FB extraction.

Serum VEGF, P-Selectin, HDL-C, Platelet Index, and Coagulation Function Index in Deep Vein Thrombosis after Traumatic Fracture.

Background: The goal was to investigate the relationship between serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), P-selectin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), platelet parameters, and coagulation function indexes and postoperative deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients with traumatic fracture.

Methods: A total of 150 patients with traumatic fractures after DVT were selected as the DVT group, and 150 patients with traumatic fractures without DVT during the same period were selected as the non-DVT group. Serum VEGF, P-selectin, HDL-C, platelet parameters including platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), plateletcrit (PCT), platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR), and plasma coagulation function indexes including thrombin time (TT), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thrombin time (APTT), fibrinogen (FIB), and D-dimer (D-D) were measured.

Correlation between Serum MMP-2/-16 Levels and Inflammation in Patients with Deep Vein Thrombosis.

Background: The aim of the study was to clarify the correlation between serum MMP-2/-16 and inflammation in patients with deep venous thrombosis (DVT).

Methods: Sixty DVT patients and 60 healthy people who underwent health examinations were collected. Serum MMP-2/-16, IL-6/-8, and TNF-α were determined by ELISA.

Median effective dose of esketamine for intranasal premedication in children with congenital heart disease.

Background: Esketamine is commonly used as a premedication for its sedation effect. However, the proper dosage for intranasal use in children with congenital heart disease (CHD) has not been determined. This study aimed to estimate the median effective dose (ED) of esketamine for intranasal premedication in children with CHD.

Effect of interactive, multimedia-based home-initiated education on preoperative anxiety inchildren and their parents: a single-center randomized controlled trial.

Background: Anesthesiologists need to appreciate the impact of preoperative anxiety in children. The present study aimed to explore whether interactive multimedia-based home-initiated interventions could effectively relieve preoperative anxiety in pediatric patients.

Methods: In this prospective study, we compared preoperative anxiety between two groups of children aged 4-9 years.

Is mobile phone influence the status of pilot or the flight safety?

Background: This study aimed to explore the adverse influences of mobile phone usage on pilots' status, so as to improve flight safety.

Methods: A questionnaire was designed, and a cluster random sampling method was adopted. Pilots of Shandong Airlines were investigated on the use of mobile phones.

Combined use of intranasal Dexmedetomidine and an oral novel formulation of Midazolam for sedation of young children during brain MRI examination: a prospective, single-center, randomized controlled trial.

Background: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of different dosages of intranasal Dexmedetomidine (DEX) in combination with oral midazolam for sedation of young children during brain MRI examination.

Methods: Included in this prospective single-blind randomized controlled trial were 156 children aged from 3 months to 6 years and weighing from 4 to 20 Kg with ASA I-II who underwent brain MRI examination between March 2021 and February 2022. Using the random number table method, they were divided into group A (using 3 ug/kg intranasal DEX plus 0.

Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Predicts Restenosis After Drug-Coated Balloon Therapy for Femoropopliteal Artery Lesions: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a common atherosclerotic vascular disease. The use of drug-coated balloon (DCB) for the treatment of femoropopliteal artery disease has gradually increased. A certain percentage of patients developed target lesion restenosis after DCB treatment of the femoral popliteal artery.

Risk factors associated with reintubations in children undergoing foreign body removal using flexible bronchoscopy: a single-center retrospective cross-sectional study.

Background: Reintubation is a severe complication during foreign body (FB) removal that uses flexible bronchoscopy.

Objective: To investigate the incidence and risk factors for reintubations in children undergoing FB extraction by flexible bronchoscopy in a single center.

Design: A retrospective cross-sectional study.

Comparison of Postoperative Analgesic Effects Between Nalbuphine and Fentanyl in Children Undergoing Adenotonsillectomy: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind, Multicenter Study.

There is no universal agreement on optimal pharmacological regimens for pain management during surgeries. The aim of this study to compare the postoperative analgesic effects of nalbuphine with fentanyl in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy. We conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind, non-inferiority and multicenter trial in 311 patients admitted to four different medical facilities in China from October 2017 to November 2018.

ED50 of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Sedation for Transthoracic Echocardiography in Children with or without a History of Cardiac Surgery for Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease.

Methods: This prospective single-blinded clinical trial included 72 ASA I-II stage children aged 1-36 months with cCHD who were scheduled to undergo TTE under sedation. Children were assigned to group A ( = 37) with a previous history of cardiac surgery and group B ( = 35) with no history of cardiac surgery. Doses of intranasal DEX were analyzed by up-down sequential allocation at an initial dose of 2.

Prediction of Fluid Responsiveness by Stroke Volume Variation in Children Undergoing Fontan Operation.

Background: Fontan operation is a palliative medical procedure performed on children with single-ventricle defects. As postoperative success of the procedure largely depends on the preload volume, it is necessary to maintain an appropriate pressure gradient between the systemic vein and the left atrium to ensure the effective volume of systemic circulation. However, there is a lack of effective indexes to evaluate fluid responsiveness in Fontan patients.

Median Effective Dose of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine for Transthoracic Echocardiography in Children with Kawasaki Disease Who Have a History of Repeated Sedation.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the median effective dose (ED50) of intranasal dexmedetomidine for echocardiography in children with Kawasaki disease who had a history of repeated sedation. MATERIAL AND METHODS There were 73 pediatric Kawasaki disease patients aged 1 to 36 months enrolled in this study who had American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I-II, were scheduled to undergo echocardiography under sedation. They were assigned to 2 groups (group A: age 1-18 months, and group B: age 19-36 months).

[Intramuscular injection of lentivirus-mediated EPAS1 gene improves hind limb ischemia and its mechanism in a rat model of peripheral artery vascular disease].

Objective To investigate the effect of over-expressed endothelial Per-Arnt-Sim domain protein 1 (EPAS1) on peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in a rat model. Methods PAD rat model was established by external iliac artery ligation followed by lentivirus-mediated EPAS1 gene injection into rat right adductor magnus. The models were evaluated by quantitative analysis of gait disturbance.

Functional neuroimaging of high-risk 6-month-old infants predicts a diagnosis of autism at 24 months of age.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social deficits and repetitive behaviors that typically emerge by 24 months of age. To develop effective early interventions that can potentially ameliorate the defining deficits of ASD and improve long-term outcomes, early detection is essential. Using prospective neuroimaging of 59 6-month-old infants with a high familial risk for ASD, we show that functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging correctly identified which individual children would receive a research clinical best-estimate diagnosis of ASD at 24 months of age.

Increased Extra-axial Cerebrospinal Fluid in High-Risk Infants Who Later Develop Autism.

Background: We previously reported that infants who developed autism spectrum disorder (ASD) had increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the subarachnoid space (i.e., extra-axial CSF) from 6 to 24 months of age.

Early brain development in infants at high risk for autism spectrum disorder.

Brain enlargement has been observed in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but the timing of this phenomenon, and the relationship between ASD and the appearance of behavioural symptoms, are unknown. Retrospective head circumference and longitudinal brain volume studies of two-year olds followed up at four years of age have provided evidence that increased brain volume may emerge early in development. Studies of infants at high familial risk of autism can provide insight into the early development of autism and have shown that characteristic social deficits in ASD emerge during the latter part of the first and in the second year of life.

The agreement between oscillometric and intra-arterial technique for blood pressure monitoring in the lower extremities for infants and toddlers undergoing aortic coarctation repair.

Objective: Anesthetic management for patients undergoing surgical repair of aortic coarctation (CoA) should include constant blood pressure monitoring of the right upper extremity and a lower extremity. The delayed or absent pulse in the lower limbs often leads to unsuccessful arterial cannulation in infants and the oscillometric technique used for blood pressure measurement. The aim of this study was to evaluate the agreement between the oscillometric method and intra-arterial technique for blood pressure monitoring in the lower limbs of infants undergoing CoA.

MicroRNA-146b, a Sensitive Indicator of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Repair of Acute Renal Injury.

Unlabelled: : The role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in kidney injury repair has been studied widely. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. We profiled the altered microRNAs in renal tissues from cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) rats treated with or without rat bone marrow MSCs (rMSCs).

Effects of dexmedetomidine versus propofol on SPO2 in children with tetralogy of fallot during anesthesia.

Objective: To determine effects of DEX versus propofol on saturation of pulse oximetry (SPO2) in children with Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) during anesthesia.

Methods: 54 children with TOF who planned to receive corrected operation were randomly assigned to two groups: group DEX and group Propofol. Indicators were compared at T0 (immediate induction of anesthesia), T1 (tracheal catheterization), T2 (skin incision), T3 (sternal exposure) and T4 (aortic catheterization).