The core exosome proteome of Trichomonas vaginalis.

Background: Trichomonas vaginalis is parasitic protozoan that causes human urogenital infections. Accumulated reports indicated that exosomes released by this parasite play a crucial role in transmitting information and substances between cells during host-parasite interactions. Current knowledge on the protein contents in T.

2D Ni-Co bimetallic oxide nanosheets activate persulfate for targeted conversion of bisphenol A in wastewater into polymers.

The selective removal of targeted pollutants from complex wastewater is challenging. Herein, a novel persulfate (PS)-based advanced oxidation system equipped with a series of two-dimensional (2D) bimetallic oxide nanosheets (NSs) catalysts is developed to selectively degrade bisphenol A (BPA) within mixed pollutants via initiating nonradical-induced polymerization. Results indicate that the NiCoO NSs demonstrate the highest catalytic efficiency among all Ni-Co NSs catalysts.

Double-Stranded RNA Viruses Are Released From Inside Small Extracellular Vesicles and Modulate the Exosomal Cargo.

is a parasitic protist that infects the human urogenital tract. During the infection, trichomonads adhere to the host mucosa, acquire nutrients from the vaginal/prostate environment, and release small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) that contribute to the trichomonad adherence and modulate the host-parasite communication. Approximately 40-70% of strains harbor a double-stranded RNA virus called (TVV).

Distinct Characteristics of Bacterial Community in the Soil of Nanshazhou Island, South China Sea.

Characterizing soil bacterial community is important to understand microbial distribution affected by environmental factors. Here, we investigated the bacterial communities distributed from different location on Nanshazhou island, South China Sea. We collected and compared soil bacterial communities from central island, intertidal island, and inshore island.

Expression and Clinical Significance of SOX9 in Renal Cell Carcinoma, Bladder Cancer and Penile Cancer.

Background: Novel molecular markers are important diagnostic tools for the assessment of cancer progression and evaluation of effectiveness of the treatment. SOX9, a key regulator of developmental processes, is overexpressed in various neoplasms, such as prostate, breast, and colorectal cancers. However, the utilization of SOX9 as a biomarker for other urological cancers has not yet been investigated.

Photochemical reactions between mercury (Hg) and dissolved organic matter decrease Hg bioavailability and methylation.

Atmospheric deposition of mercury (Hg) to surface water is one of the dominant sources of Hg in aquatic environments and ultimately drives methylmercury (MeHg) toxin accumulation in fish. It is known that freshly deposited Hg is more readily methylated by microorganisms than aged or preexisting Hg; however the underlying mechanism of this process is unclear. We report that Hg bioavailability is decreased by photochemical reactions between Hg and dissolved organic matter (DOM) in water.

Enhanced dewatering of excess activated sludge through decomposing its extracellular polymeric substances by a Fe@Fe2O3-based composite conditioner.

Efficient sludge dewatering methods are highly desired by municipal wastewater treatment plants. In this study, Fe@Fe2O3 nanomaterial, combined with polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDMDAAC) and H2SO4, was used for sludge dewatering. This composite conditioner exhibited an excellent dewatering capability.

BCL9, a coactivator for Wnt/β-catenin transcription, is targeted by miR-30c and is associated with prostate cancer progression.

B-cell lymphoma 9 (BCL9), a component of aberrantly activated Wnt signaling, is an important contributing factor to tumor progression. Our previous data indicated that downregulation of the tumor suppressor microRNA-30c (miR-30c) was a frequent pathogenetic event in prostate cancer (PCa). However, a functional link between miR-30c and BCL9/Wnt signaling, and their clinical and pathological significance in PCa, have not been well established.

Effect of thiols enrichment on Cr(VI) photo-reduction by natural organic matter (NOM).

Photochemical redox transformation of Cr(VI)-NOM complexes substantially affects transport and speciation of less toxic Cr(III) in natural waters. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study reported photochemical reactions of Cr(VI) with thiol-enriched NOM under acidic condition.

Protein regulator of cytokinesis 1 overexpression predicts biochemical recurrence in men with prostate cancer.

Background: Protein regulator of cytokinesis 1 (PRC1) has been reported to be implicated into the completion of cytokinesis and is dys-regulated in a cancer-specific manner. However, it roles in human prostate cancer (PCa) remain unclear. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the expression pattern of PRC1 and its clinical significance in this malignancy.

E2F1 promotes tumor cell invasion and migration through regulating CD147 in prostate cancer.

Increased expression of E2F1 has been reported to be associated with tumor growth and cell survival of prostate cancer (PCa). However, its roles and mechanisms on PCa have not been fully elucidated. The present study found that E2F1 overexpression in PCa tissues was significantly associated with high Gleason score (P=0.

Bioreduction and reoxidation of uranium enhanced by thiol functional groups in natural organic matter.

Although natural organic matter (NOM) is known to affect biological reduction of U(VI) and subsequent reoxidation of U(IV), the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the redox reactions of sulfide with NOM to form thiol functional groups, which can greatly enhance U(VI) bioreduction and U(IV) reoxidation. Results showed that humic acid (HA) was found to be more effective than fulvic acid (FA) in producing thiol groups, both U(VI) bioreduction and U(IV) reoxidation rates increased with the increase of thiols content in HA and FA.

Spectroscopic characterization of the complexes between Fe/Mn and natural organic matters by electron paramagnetic resonance and synchrotron-based techniques.

The surface interaction between heavy metals and natural organic matters (NOM) substantially affects their migration and conversion in natural environments. In this study, the chemical speciation and element mapping of Fe and Mn in reduced NOM were investigated. The results show that quinone and semiquinone moieties dominated the redox properties in NOM, and the EPR signal intensity exhibited pH dependence with an increase of EPR signal intensity at a higher pH value.

Overexpression of NIMA-related kinase 2 is associated with progression and poor prognosis of prostate cancer.

Background: The NIMA-related kinase 2 (NEK2) is a serine/threonine kinase that is involved in regulation of centrosome duplication and spindle assembly during mitosis. Dysregulation of these processes causes chromosome instability and aneuploidy, which are hallmark changes of many solid tumors. However, whether aberrant expression of NEK2 is associated with outcome of prostate cancer (PCa) patients remains to be determined.

Enhanced expression of centromere protein F predicts clinical progression and prognosis in patients with prostate cancer.

Centromere protein F (CENPF) is a protein associated with the centromere-kinetochore complex and chromosomal segregation during mitosis. Previous studies have demonstrated that the upregulation of CENPF may be used as a proliferation marker of malignant cell growth in tumors. The overexpression of CENPF has also been reported to be associated with a poor prognosis in human cancers.

Dysregulated microRNA-224/apelin axis associated with aggressive progression and poor prognosis in patients with prostate cancer.

Our previous study revealed that microRNA (miR)-224 down-regulation could promote tumor progression of prostate cancer (PCa) and might be associated with poor biochemical recurrence-free survival of patients with this malignancy. However, the underlying mechanisms of miR-224 have not been fully elucidated. In the current study, apelin (APLN) was identified as a target gene of miR-224.

Experimental and theoretical approaches for the surface interaction between copper and activated sludge microorganisms at molecular scale.

Interactions between metals and activated sludge microorganisms substantially affect the speciation, immobilization, transport, and bioavailability of trace heavy metals in biological wastewater treatment plants. In this study, the interaction of Cu(II), a typical heavy metal, onto activated sludge microorganisms was studied in-depth using a multi-technique approach. The complexing structure of Cu(II) on microbial surface was revealed by X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis.

MicroRNA-224 and its target CAMKK2 synergistically influence tumor progression and patient prognosis in prostate cancer.

We previously demonstrated that microRNA (miR)-224 expression was significantly reduced in human prostate cancer (PCa) tissues and predicted unfavorable prognosis in patients. However, the underlying mechanisms of miR-224 have not been fully elucidated. In this study, calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 (CAMKK2) was identified as a target gene of miR-224.

[Effects of surgically implanted dummy ultrasonic transmitters on grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella].

In order to study the effects of surgically implanted dummy ultrasonic transmitters on grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella, two experiments were conducted from October 2010 to December 2010 and November 2010 to October 2011. The results showed that surgical implantation of dummy ultrasonic transmitters had a significant negative influence on the growth of grass carp within 30 days following the surgery. However, the negative influence after 30 days faded away.

Biosorption of Cr (VI) by Typha angustifolia: mechanism and responses to heavy metal stress.

In this study, Typha angustifolia was proven to have an excellent accumulation ability in high concentrations of wastewater solutions having Cr (VI) concentrations up to 30 mg L(-1) for 20 days (74% of removal efficiency). Synchrotron microfocus micro X-ray fluorescence (μ-XRF) mapping showed that the uptaken Cr was mainly enriched in the outer layer of the roots and a small portion of it was uniformly distributed in the fronds. The total proteins, soluble sugars, and malondialdehyde in T.

[Effects of transmitter's surgical implantation on fish: research progress].

Surgical implantation is generally accepted as the preferred attachment method for longterm fish telemetry study, but the negative effects of this surgical implantation on fish should not be ignored. The key for the successful fish telemetry study is that the existence and attachment of the transmitters in the experimental fish would not have negative effects on the normal fish physiology or behavior. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the potential negative effects of surgical implantation of transmitter on experimental fish prior to telemetry monitoring.

Thermodynamic analysis on the binding of heavy metals onto extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of activated sludge.

Metal binding to microbial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) greatly influences the distribution of heavy metals in microbial aggregates, soil and aquatic systems in nature. In this work, the thermodynamic characteristics of the binding between aqueous metals (with copper ion as an example) and EPS of activated sludge were investigated. Isothermal titration calorimetry was employed to estimate the thermodynamic parameters for the binding of Cu²⁺ onto EPS, while three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy with parallel factor analysis was used for quantifying the complexation of Cu²⁺ with the EPS.