Publications by authors named "Hong-ning Xie"

Introduction: Acoustic shadowing is an important benign ultrasound (US) feature for adnexal masses (AMs). To validate the diagnostic performance and interobserver agreement of the 2019 version and 2022 version of Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System Ultrasound (O-RADS US) and ascertain whether adding acoustic shadowing to O-RADS US v2019 as a benign ultrasound feature can enhance its diagnostic efficacy among junior radiologist.

Methods: This retrospective study included consecutive women with suspected adnexal masses who underwent ultrasound examinations between September 2022 and January 2024.

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Background: Uniparental disomy is the inheritance of a homologous chromosome pair or part of homologous chromosomes from only one parent. However, the clinical significance of uniparental disomy and the difference among the prognosis of involvement of different chromosomes remain unclear.

Objective: To assess the associated prenatal ultrasound presentations and clinical outcomes of uniparental disomy on different chromosomes and to analyze the relationship between prenatal ultrasound markers and clinical outcomes.

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  • This study aimed to assess the size of the corpus callosum (CC) in fetuses with cortical development malformations (MCD) and to investigate the effectiveness of three CC length ratios in diagnosing these conditions.
  • Researchers analyzed fetal brain scans from individual fetuses between 20-37 weeks of gestation, measuring CC length, height, area, and calculating various ratios to look for differences between normal and malformed fetal brains.
  • Results showed that fetuses with MCD had a significantly smaller CC and lower ratio values compared to normal fetuses, with the CCL/ICOFD ratio showing the highest predictive accuracy for identifying MCD, indicating its potential as a useful diagnostic tool.
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Background: Investigation of fetal cerebral maturation (FCM) is necessary and important to provide crucial prognostic information for normal and high-risk fetuses. The study aimed to develop a valid and quantitative predictive model for assessing FCM using ultrasound and validate the model for fetuses with normal and restricted growth.

Methods: This was a multicenter prospective observational study.

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Objective: Fetal anomaly screening via ultrasonography, which involves capturing and interpreting standard views, is highly challenging for inexperienced operators. We aimed to develop and validate a prenatal-screening artificial intelligence system (PSAIS) for real-time evaluation of the quality of anatomical images, indicating existing and missing structures.

Methods: Still ultrasonographic images obtained from fetuses of 18-32 weeks of gestation between 2017 and 2018 were used to develop PSAIS based on YOLOv3 with global (anatomic site) and local (structures) feature extraction that could evaluate the image quality and indicate existing and missing structures in the fetal anatomical images.

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  • The study investigates the imaging features, clinical characteristics, and neonatal outcomes associated with pregnancy luteoma by analyzing 127 cases over nearly two decades.
  • Most affected patients were women aged 20-40, with about 30% showing maternal hirsutism or virilization, while the majority were asymptomatic, and many cases were discovered incidentally during childbirth procedures.
  • The findings revealed that pregnancy luteomas typically presented in the third trimester, mostly in solid forms with varying sizes, and were significantly linked to elevated serum androgen levels, particularly in those with symptoms, affecting the virilization of female infants born to mothers with the condition.
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  • The study aimed to evaluate the clinical and ultrasound features of benign Brenner tumors (BBT) and malignant Brenner tumors (MBT), while comparing the effectiveness of four diagnostic models in differentiating the two types.
  • The research involved retrospective data from 15 patients with BBTs and 9 with MBTs, assessing various characteristics such as CA125 levels, lesion size, calcifications, and blood flow patterns.
  • The findings indicated that MBTs were larger and exhibited higher CA125 levels, while BBTs displayed more calcifications and lower blood flow, with all diagnostic models showing similarly high effectiveness in distinguishing between the two tumor types.
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Background: Fetal growth restriction (FGR) occurs in up to 10% of pregnancies and is a leading cause of perinatal mortality and neonatal morbidity. Three-dimensional ultrasonography of intracranial structure volume revealed significant differences between fetuses with FGR and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) fetuses. We aimed to compare the frontal lobe development between fetuses with FGR and appropriately grown fetuses and evaluate the impact of fetal circulatory redistribution (FCR) on frontal lobe development in fetuses with FGR.

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Background: Double aortic arch is the most common form of complete vascular ring. The trachea and/or esophagus could be compressed by the complete vascular ring, which may lead to early respiratory and/or esophageal symptoms in children with double aortic arch. Accurate prenatal assessment of tracheal compression could provide relevant information for perinatal clinical management of double aortic arch and emergency treatment of infants with double aortic arch.

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Background: Accurate diagnosis of coaractation of aorta (CoA) remains challenging because of its relatively low sensitivity and specificity. It is difficult to distinguish true CoA from a normal physiological right-sided dominance or ventricular discrepancy caused by intracardiac minor anomalies. Redundant foramen ovale flap (RFOF) may cause ventricular disproportion.

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Background: The precise pathogenesis of anophthalmia/microphthalmia remains unknown. Prenatal observation of the optic chiasm in fetuses with this malformation would assist in understanding the embryonic development of the condition. The present study aimed to establish the normal fetal size ranges of decussation of the optic chiasm, optic nerves, and optic tracts in the axial plane using two-dimensional transabdominal ultrasound throughout gestation and to compare these ranges to the corresponding values in fetuses with anophthalmia/microphthalmia.

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Introduction: Large birthweight discrepancy has been identified as a risk factor for perinatal morbidity and mortality in twin pregnancies. However, it remains unclear whether such discordance can be predicted by various biological indices with specific cut-off values, and how these depend on the gestational age. We aimed to determine the most effective way to predict large birthweight discordance at various gestational ages.

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Objective: We aim to establish a formula calculating the fetal cavum septi pellucidi (CSP) width Z-scores and compare CSP width between the normal fetus and 18-trisomy fetus.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 608 normal fetuses and 71 fetuses with the 18-trisomy syndrome were included. Z-scores were calculated after the acquisition of CSP images.

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  • This study investigates the differences in the ultrasonographic features and histological diagnoses of ovarian torsion between pregnant and non-pregnant women, aiming to enhance preoperative diagnostic accuracy.
  • It involves a retrospective analysis of female patients with ovarian torsion, examining their clinical characteristics, ultrasound results, surgical procedures, and histology to identify key differences.
  • Results show a higher preoperative detection rate in pregnant women and differences in ultrasound features like ovarian edema and abnormal adnexal positions, as well as varying histological outcomes between the two groups.
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  • - This study aimed to evaluate a semiautomatic tool for measuring cervical stiffness and track changes in cervical elasticity across the three trimesters of pregnancy, specifically in women with healthy singleton pregnancies.
  • - Researchers included 217 women in the study, observing their cervical elasticity through transvaginal elastography and analyzing the variability of the measurements using statistical methods like ICC and Bland-Altman analysis.
  • - Results showed that cervical elasticity decreased and became more varied throughout pregnancy, with significant differences in cervical length observed, especially being shorter in the first trimester compared to the later stages.
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Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine whether cervical elastographic parameters in addition to cervical length (CL) during the 3 trimesters of pregnancy would be predictive of spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) among low-risk women.

Methods: This work was a prospective nested case-control study evaluating cervical elastographic parameters and CL in low-risk women during the 3 trimesters of pregnancy. A binary logistic regression analysis was used to calculate significant covariates for prediction of sPTB.

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  • Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is linked to both genetic factors (like chromosomal anomalies and single-gene diseases) and environmental influences, with a significant percentage of patients showing these genetic alterations, including the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome.
  • A study of 96 fetuses with TOF between 2013 and 2018 revealed various associated anomalies, with atypical chromosomal features (like trisomies) identified in some cases; significant variation in genetic anomalies was seen between those with and without extra-cardiac issues.
  • Findings showed that genetic anomalies are more prevalent in fetuses with abnormal cardiac angles, indicating a strong correlation between certain physical presentations in TOF and the likelihood of underlying genetic
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Objective: This study aimed to determine the significance of the venous drainage pattern of bronchopulmonary sequestration (BPS) in the prenatal course.

Methods: The venous drainage pattern of fetuses with BPS was determined with high-definition flow and confirmed by postnatal three-dimensional computed tomography angiography scan or autopsy. The volume of BPS lesions during gestation was recorded by the three-dimensional ultrasonographic Virtual Organ Computer-Aided Analysis software.

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Objectives: To assess the chromosomal and subchromosomal anomalies in small for gestational age (SGA) fetuses with no additional structural anomalies and their clinical outcomes.

Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed the 128 SGA fetuses with no additional anomalies and underwent genetic testing with karyotyping and chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA). Stratified analysis was performed according to the existence of maternal risk factors for SGA (yes or no), gestational age at onset (before or after 32 weeks), presence of oligohydraminos (yes or no), and umbilical artery Doppler flow (normal or abnormal).

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  • The study investigates the genetic causes behind fetal posterior fossa abnormalities (PFAs) identified through prenatal ultrasound between 2012 and 2016.
  • It involved analyzing 74 cases of PFAs, revealing various types such as Blake's pouch cyst and Dandy-Walker malformation, with notable rates of chromosomal abnormalities found across these cases.
  • Findings suggest that combining chromosomal microarray and karyotype analysis can improve prenatal diagnosis and management of PFAs, particularly when other structural abnormalities are present.
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Four-vessel umbilical cord with two arteries and two veins, and fetal intra-abdominal umbilical vein varix are rare fetal vascular pathologies, associated with congenital anomalies and an adverse perinatal outcome, respectively. We report a case of a healthy male neonate born at a gestational age of 38 weeks, five days, after prenatal sonographic diagnosis of a four-vessel umbilical cord with a supernumerary vein varix. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case with this combination.

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Objectives: To investigate the role of ultrasound in the preoperative diagnosis of adnexal torsion and describe its histological spectrum and outcomes at different ages.

Methods: This study comprised a retrospective investigation of a data set that included 195 female patients with clinically suspected adnexal torsion between January 2010 and July 2015. Each patient received a detailed pelvic ultrasound examination by an experienced ultrasound examiner, and a definitive diagnosis was achieved via surgery.

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Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the associated prenatal findings, genetic anomalies with chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) and postnatal outcome of fetal right aortic arch (RAA).

Methods: This retrospective study reviewed 92 fetuses diagnosed with RAA and the findings of CMA using Affymetrix CytoScan HD array in our institution between 2013 and 2016.

Results: Postnatal data were not available for six cases, and genetic data were not available for 26 cases.

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