Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells improve the ovarian function through oxidative stress-mediated PERK/eIF-2α/ATF4/CHOP signaling in premature ovarian insufficiency mice.

Background: Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a refractory disease that severely affects female fertility. The PERK/eIF-2α/ATF4/CHOP pathway is one of the classical pathways involved in the unfolded protein response to endoplasmic reticulum stress by regulating protein synthesis and promoting apoptosis. This study aimed to investigate the functional role and mechanism of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) in the POI animal model through the PERK/eIF-2α/ATF4/CHOP pathway.

Targeting METTL8 with Rabdosiin overcomes lenvatinib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma.

In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), lenvatinib is a key first-line treatment that significantly improves survival in some patients with advanced stage. However, lenvatinib resistance presents a major clinical challenge. This study aims to identify key molecular factors driving lenvatinib resistance in HCC and propose intervention strategies to overcome this resistance, thereby enhancing therapeutic efficacy.

Advancing prognostic precision in gastric cancer with an immunoinflammatory index.

Gastric cancer remains a major global health challenge with high morbidity and mortality rates. Recent advancements in immunology and inflammation research have highlighted the crucial roles that these biological processes play in tumor progression and patient outcomes. This has sparked new interest in developing prognostic biomarkers that integrate these two key biological processes.

Stratifying hepatocellular carcinoma based on immunophenotypes for immunotherapy response and prognosis.

Immunotherapy has transformed the management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but effectiveness varies among patients. This study aimed to identify biomarkers and HCC subtypes responsive to immunotherapy. Patients were classified into Immunity-High (Immunity-H) and Immunity-Low (Immunity-L) subtypes using ssGSEA scores.

Clinical Application of n-Butyl-2- Cyanoacrylate (NBCA) in the Transarterial Embolization for Type I/II Endoleak During and After EVAR Surgery.

Background: Exploring the effectiveness and safety of n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA) in the transarterial embolization for common endoleak during and after endovascular repair of aortic aneurysm (EVAR).

Methods: A total of 226 patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) were treated with EVAR in 4 years from August 2019 to February 2023, including 46 patients with ruptured aneurysms (rAAA). 37 cases, 28 nonruptured AAA patients and 9 rAAA patients, developed endoleak during EVAR surgery and follow-up period and were then treated with NBCA for transarterial embolization.

The Clinicopathological Characteristics and Prognosis of 55 Patients With TFE3-Rearranged Renal Cell Carcinomas.

Objective: To explore the clinicopathological features and prognosis of TFE3-rearranged renal cell carcinomas (TFE3-rRCC).

Methods: In this retrospective observational study, the data of patients with TFE3-rRCC admitted to Xijing Hospital from January 2010 to October 2023 were collected, encompassing the general information, pathological diagnosis, immunohistochemistry, and the results of FISH detection. The treatment information and survival data of the patients were recorded during the follow-up.

Association between renal α-klotho and renal pathology among patients with chronic kidney disease.

Introduction: This study was designed to investigate whether renal α-klotho levels are associated with renal pathology. This is the first report on patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study.

Predicting TCR sequences for unseen antigen epitopes using structural and sequence features.

T-cell receptor (TCR) recognition of antigens is fundamental to the adaptive immune response. With the expansion of experimental techniques, a substantial database of matched TCR-antigen pairs has emerged, presenting opportunities for computational prediction models. However, accurately forecasting the binding affinities of unseen antigen-TCR pairs remains a major challenge.

Fraction Dose Escalation of Hypofractionated Radiotherapy with Concurrent Chemotherapy and Subsequent Consolidation Immunotherapy in Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Phase I Study.

Purpose: This phase I trial aimed to determine the maximum tolerated fraction dose (MTFD) of hypofractionated radiotherapy (hypo-RT) combined with concurrent chemotherapy and subsequent consolidation immune checkpoint inhibitors (cICI) for patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Patients And Methods: Split-course hypo-RT and hypoboost combined with concurrent chemotherapy was administered at three dose levels (DL), using a stepwise dose-escalation protocol. The sophisticated esophagus-sparing technique was implemented to restrict the dose to the esophagus.

Identification of an immune-related gene signature for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy in liver cancer cell-cell communication.

Background: Liver cancer is one of the deadliest malignant tumors worldwide. Immunotherapy has provided hope to patients with advanced liver cancer, but only a small fraction of patients benefit from this treatment due to individual differences. Identifying immune-related gene signatures in liver cancer patients not only aids physicians in cancer diagnosis but also offers personalized treatment strategies, thereby improving patient survival rates.

The efficacy and safety of PD-1 inhibitor combined with TACE in the first-line treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.

The application of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has changed the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is a first-line treatment for intermediate hepatocellular carcinoma. Serving as a local treatment modality that can induce immunogenic cell death, the efficacy and safety of combined use with ICI have not been evaluated.

Role of NF-κB p65/TNF-α in Cell Apoptosis in the Fetal Membranes of Pregnant Women with Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the roles of nuclear factor-kappa B p65 (NF-[Formula: see text]B p65) and tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) in cell apoptosis occurring in the fetal membranes of pregnant women who experience preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM).

Methods: This was a case-control study involving 57 pregnant women who delivered in the obstetric department of Affiliated Loudi Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, from June 2021 to June 2022. Samples of fetal membrane tissue were collected from pregnant women with PPROM (n=27) and pregnant women who had normal deliveries (control group; n=30).

New aporphine alkaloids with antitumor activities from the roots of .

Two new aporphine alkaloids, 6a-2'-(3-oxobutenyl)-thaliadin () and -methylthalisopynine (), along with ten known analogs (-), were isolated from the roots of W. T. Wang et S.

Survey and clinical considerations of gender identity in lower primary school children.

Background: Gender consciousness directly affects the development of gender identity, which is a continuous and lifelong process. Meanwhile, hospitalization is a part of many children's lives and has an impact on their gender development.

Aim: To investigate the current situation of gender identity in lower primary school children by conducting a survey of 202 hospitalized children in the lower grades and to provide a theoretical basis and foundation for the cultivation of gender identity and medical treatment of children based on the results.

Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and immunogenicity profiles of Exendin-4-IgG4-Fc in healthy subjects: A phase 1, single-centre, randomized, double-blind, dose escalation study.

Aim: Novel long-acting drugs for type 2 diabetes mellitus may optimize patient compliance and glycaemic control. Exendin-4-IgG4-Fc (E4F4) is a long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist. This first-in-human study investigated the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and immunogenicity profiles of a single subcutaneous injection of E4F4 in healthy subjects.

Increased serum extrachromosomal circular DNA SORBS1 level is associated with insulin resistance in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Extrachromosomal circular DNAs (eccDNAs) exist in human blood and somatic cells, and are essential for oncogene plasticity and drug resistance. However, the presence and impact of eccDNAs in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains inadequately understood.

Methods: We purified and sequenced the serum eccDNAs obtained from newly diagnosed T2DM patients and normal control (NC) subjects using Circle-sequencing.

A novel method for age identification of mountain-cultivated ginseng.

Panax ginseng, a slow-growing perennial herb, is the most praised and popular traditional medicinal herb. Mountain-cultivated ginseng (MCG) and cultivated ginseng (CG) both belong to Panax ginseng C. A.