IMPDH inhibitors upregulate PD-L1 in cancer cells without impairing immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy.

Tumor cells are characterized by rapid proliferation. In order to provide purines for DNA and RNA synthesis, inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH), a key enzyme in the de novo guanosine biosynthesis, is highly expressed in tumor cells. In this study we investigated whether IMPDH was involved in cancer immunoregulation.

NOD2 contributes to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by regulating cardiomyocyte apoptosis and inflammation.

Aims: Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 (NOD2), an intracellular pattern recognition receptor, which plays an important role in the innate immunity and inflammation. However, its role in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remains unknown. In this study, we sought to determine the role of NOD2 on cardiac I/R injury.

Sustained-release oxycodone tablets for moderate to severe painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a multicenter, open-labeled, postmarketing clinical observation.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sustained-release (SR) oxycodone tablets in the treatment of moderate to severe painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Design.  This was a multicenter, randomized, open-labeled study.

[Expression of HIC-5/ARA55 in colonrectal cancer and its mechanisms of action].

Objective: To investigate the relationship between HIC-5 and colonrectal cancer.

Methods: Samples were obtained from 42 patients with colonrectal cancer, and the mRNA and protein expressions of HIC-5/ARA55 were determined by RT-PCR and Western-blot respectively. FCM was used to investigate the apoptosis of Lovo in the HIC-5/ARA55 transfection cells.

[Sequence of Escherichia coli O138 O-antigen gene cluster and gne identification by bioinformatics].

E. coli O138 is one of the enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, causing the postweaning diarrhea and edema disease of weaned pigs. The O-antigen gene cluster of E.

[Expression of proline-rich tyrosine kinase-2 (Pyk2) in gastric carcinoma and its significance].

Objective: To investigate whether proline-rich tyrosine kinase-2 (Pyk2) is expressed differently in normal gastric mucosas and gastric carcinoma tissues and further to evaluate its significance.

Methods: Expressions of Pyk2 in 59 cases of normal gastric mucosas and 52 cases of gastric carcinoma tissues were analysed by immunohistochemical methods.

Results: Immunohistochemical studies showed that the positive rates of Pyk2 protein expression in normal gastric mucosas and gastric carcinoma tissues were 86.

[Sequence of Escherichia coli O141 O-antigen gene cluster and analyses of its evolutionary history].

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is one of the major components of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. It is an amphipathic molecule compose of lipid A, a core oligosaccharide and an O-specific antigen. O-antigen, which is a repeat-unit polysaccharide, is a major contribution to the antigenic variability of the bacterial cell surface.