The rate of acute kidney injury (AKI) alert detection by the attending physicians was associated with the prognosis of patients with AKI.

Introduction: Early identification of AKI was always considered to improve patients' prognosis. Some studies found that AKI early warning tools didn't affect patients' prognosis. Therefore, additional studies were necessary to explore the reasons.

A Nomogram to Predict the 28-day Mortality of Critically Ill Patients With Acute Kidney Injury and Treated With Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe and common complication in critically ill patients and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. At present, there is not a tool to predict the prognosis of critically ill patients with AKI and treated with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT).

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was to construct a prediction model for the 28-day mortality of patients with AKI and treated with CRRT.

SOFA score is superior to APACHE-II score in predicting the prognosis of critically ill patients with acute kidney injury undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the most common cause of organ failure in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and is associated with increased mortality. This study aimed at determining the efficacy of sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA), and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE-II) scoring systems in assessing the prognosis of critically ill patients with AKI undergoing CRRT.

Methods: The predictive value of SOFA and APACHE-II scores for 28- and 90-d mortality in patients with AKI undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) were determined by multivariate analysis, sensitivity analysis, and curve-fitting analysis.

A Retrospective Population Study to Develop a Predictive Model of Prediabetes and Incident Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus from a Hospital Database in Japan Between 2004 and 2015.

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a global public health problem. Prediabetes may be reversed by weight loss, diet, and lifestyle changes. However, without intervention, between 30-50% of individuals with prediabetes develop type 2 diabetes.

Anticoagulation therapy could improve the restoration of sinus rhythm and spontaneous circulation in hospital patients with CPR.

Objective: To analyse the role of anticoagulation therapy in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) following an in-hospital cardiac arrest.

Methods: This single-centre retrospective cohort study enrolled patients treated with in-hospital CPR that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The patients were divided into a without anticoagulation group and an anticoagulation group.

Higher body mass index is not a protective risk factor for 28-days mortality in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is a fatal and common clinical disorder in critically ill patients. Recent studies have shown that the relationship between BMI and the outcome of patients with AKI undergoing CRRT is conflicting. A retrospective cohort study based on data reuse.

Chlorhexidine disinfectant can reduce the risk of central venous catheter infection compared with povidone: a meta-analysis.

Objective: Assess the efficacy of chlorhexidine with povidone solutions as a skin disinfectant for central venous catheter (CVC) care.

Background: Central venous catheters are widely used for critically ill patients. Catheter maintenance can easily lead to a catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI), which is the manifestation of a bloodstream infection (BSI) in a patient who carries a catheter or removes the catheter within 48 hours.

The relationship and threshold of serum phosphate with regard to the 28-day mortality risk in sepsis patients undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy.

Objective: To investigate the association between serum phosphate levels and the risk of 28-day mortality in critically-ill patients with septic acute kidney injury (AKI) undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study analysed data from critically-ill patients with septic AKI who underwent CRRT between January 2009 and September 2016. Demographic, clinical and routine biochemical data were retrieved from a database and analysed to identify risk factors for 28-day mortality.

The related factors for the recovery and maintenance time of sinus rhythm in hospitalized patients with cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A single-center retrospective case-control study.

No matter in or outside hospital, the success rate of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is very low. The sign of successful CPR is the recovery of spontaneous circulation. The premise of the recovery of spontaneous circulation is the recovery and maintenance of sinus rhythm, but there is still no related research.

Requirement of Rab21 in LPS-induced TLR4 signaling and pro-inflammatory responses in macrophages and monocytes.

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces macrophage/monocyte activation and pro-inflammatory cytokines production by activating Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) signaling. Rab GTPase 21 (Rab21) is a member of the Rab GTPase subfamily. In the present study, we show that LPS induced TLR4 and Rab21 association and endosomal translocation in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).

Augmenter of liver regeneration (ALR) regulates acute pancreatitis via inhibiting HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.

This research aimed to explore the effect of augmenter of liver regeneration (ALR) in acute pancreatitis (AP) of mice and the underlying mechanism. Caerulein were given to mice to get AP models. AP mice were given saline, ALR plasmids or negative control plasmids.

The Toll-like receptor 4 antagonist TAK-242 protects against chronic pancreatitis in rats.

Chronic pancreatitis is a progressive disease characterized by irreversible morphological changes to the pancreas, typically causing pain and permanent loss of function. It is a poorly understood disease with the pathogenesis remaining unclear. The authors' previous data demonstrated that the inhibition of Toll‑like receptor 4 (TLR4) using TLR4 antagonist kinase (TAK)‑242 attenuates taurocholate‑induced oxidative stress via the regulation of mitochondrial function in the pancreatic acinar cells of mice.

Pregnancy complicated with agranulocytosis.

Rationale: Pregnancy is a complicated physiological process. Physiological leukocytosis often takes place and it is primarily related to the increased circulation of neutrophils, especially during the last trimester of pregnancy. Noncongenital agranulocytosis during pregnancy is rare and reported only occasionally, while in most of the cases, the agranulocytosis has already occurred prior to pregnancy or induced by identified factors such as antibiotics, antithyroid agents, or cytotoxic agents.

The toll-like receptor 4 antagonist transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase(TAK)-242 attenuates taurocholate-induced oxidative stress through regulating mitochondrial function in mice pancreatic acinar cells.

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a commonly occurring and potentially life-threatening disease. Recently, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) has been considered as a new clue for studying the pathogenesis of AP due to its important role in inflammatory response cascade.

Materials And Methods: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential protective effect of transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase (TAK)-242, a novel TLR4 antagonist, in taurocholate-treated mice pancreatic acinar cells.

[Effects of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-gamma on the function of the vital organs in rats with pancreatitis].

Objective: To observe the effects of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) on the function of the vital organs in rats with pancreatitis.

Methods: Acute pancreatitis (AP) was induced in 30 male SD rats by ductal injection of 4% sodium taurocholate at 1.0 ml/kg.