Unveiling the role of hypoxia-inducible factor 2alpha in osteoporosis: Implications for bone health.

Background: Osteoporosis (OP) has become a major public health problem worldwide. Most OP treatments are based on the inhibition of bone resorption, and it is necessary to identify additional treatments aimed at enhancing osteogenesis. In the bone marrow (BM) niche, bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are exposed to a hypoxic environment.

Diabetes patients with comorbidities had unfavorable outcomes following COVID-19: A retrospective study.

Background: Previous studies have shown that diabetes mellitus is a common comorbidity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but the effects of diabetes or anti-diabetic medication on the mortality of COVID-19 have not been well described.

Aim: To investigate the outcome of different statuses (with or without comorbidity) and anti-diabetic medication use before admission of diabetic after COVID-19.

Methods: In this multicenter and retrospective study, we enrolled 1422 consecutive hospitalized patients from January 21, 2020, to March 25, 2020, at six hospitals in Hubei Province, China.

Anthocyanin extract from Lycium ruthenicum enhanced production of biomass and polysaccharides during submerged fermentation of Agaricus bitorquis (Quél.) Sacc. Chaidam.

Agaricus bitorquis (Quél.) Sacc. Chaidam (ABSC) is a wild edible fungus uniquely found in the Tibet Plateau.

Liraglutide and Insulin Have Contrary Effects on Adipogenesis of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells via Wnt Pathway.

Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has been reported to have beneficial impacts on improving human's metabolism and ameliorating insulin resistance. While insulin is another important and conventional drug in diabetes treatment, but it has an adverse effect on weight gain.

Purpose: To make sure whether GLP-1 and insulin play different roles in human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs).

Saxagliptin is similar in glycaemic variability more effective in metabolic control than acarbose in aged type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin.

This study compared the effects on glycaemic variability and glucose control between saxagliptin and acarbose as add-on therapies for aged T2DM inadequately controlled with metformin alone. The results showed that compared with acarbose-metformin, saxagliptin-metformin was more effective in glucose control with similar glycaemic variability.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular disease.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are two diseases that are common in the general population. To date, many studies have been conducted and demonstrate a direct link between NAFLD and CVD, but the exact mechanisms for this complex relationship are not well established. A systematic search of the PubMed database revealed that several common mechanisms are involved in many of the local and systemic manifestations of NAFLD and lead to an increased cardiovascular risk.

[Primary culturing and effects of insulin glargine on proliferation, differentiation of human preadipocytes from subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue].

Objective: To compare the morphological and functional differences of human primary preadipocytes from different fat depots and explore the effects of insulin glargine on their proliferation and differentiation.

Methods: Primary preadipocytes isolated from human subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue by collagenase I were passaged in vitro.Inverted phase contrast microscope was used to observe the morphological differences of two kinds of preadipocytes.

[Assessment and analysis of risks of realizing schistosomiasis transmission control in Jiangxi Province].

Objective: To evaluate the situation of realizing schistosomiasis transmission control in Jiangxi Province.

Methods: The situation of reaching the criteria of schistosomiasis transmission control was evaluated by using the method of field surveys combined with retrospective investigations.

Results: The schistosome infection in human was kept at a stable low level, and the infection rate in residents was below 1% in 90.

[Depot-specific expression of caveolin-1 in human adipose tissue and their relationship with obesity and insulin resistance].

Objective: To explore the depot-specific mRNA and protein expression of caveolin-1 (CAV-1) in human subcutaneous and omental adipose tissues and analyze their relationship with obesity and insulin resistance.

Methods: A total of 41 subjects with normal glucose regulation were recruited. Among them, there were 29 cases with normal body mass index (BMI) and 12 cases with BMI ≥ 24 kg/m(2).

Effects of a combination of oral anti-diabetes drugs with basal insulin therapy on β-cell function and glycaemic control in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.

Background: Oral anti-diabetes drugs plus basal insulin (OAD + insulin) therapy in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes might improve β-cell function and result in extended glycaemic remission. This randomised trial compared the effect on β-cell function and diabetes remission rate between oral drug alone or with addition of basal insulin.

Methods: One hundred and twenty-nine patients, aged 35-50 years, were enrolled between June 2005 and June 2009.

[Depot-specific expression of retinol-binding protein 4 in human adipose tissue and their relationship with obesity and insulin resistance].

Objective: To explore the depot-specific mRNA and protein expression of retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) in human subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue and investigate their relationship with the serum RBP4 levels, obesity and insulin resistance.

Methods: A total of 41 subjects with normal glucose regulation were recruited. Among them, there were 29 cases with normal body mass index (BMI) and 12 cases with BMI ≥ 24 kg/m(2).

[In vitro studies on the growth and proliferation characteristics of rat bone mesenchymal stem cells].

Objective: This study was to investigate the growth and proliferation characteristics of rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) isolated by the method of whole bone marrow culture and to explore the effect of cell inoculation density and incubation period on cell proliferation, with an aim to provide multipotential seed cells for preventing from degenerative disease.

Methods: Bone mesenchymal stem cells were isolated by the method of whole bone marrow culture and then cultured in vitro. The cell morphologic features were observed by inverted microscope.

[Effects of drynaria total flavonoid on osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells at different glucose concentrations: experiment with rats].

Objective: To study the effects of drynaria total flavonoid on osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) at different glucose concentrations.

Methods: BMSCs of SD rats were isolated, cultivated in vitro, and divided into 6 groups to be induced to differentiate into osteoblasts under different conditions: (1) low glucose control group, (2) high glucose control group, (3) low glucose classical induction group (sodium glycerophosphate+vitamin C+dexamethasone), (4) high glucose classical induction group (sodium glycerophosphate+vitamin C+dexamethasone), (5) low glucose+drynaria total flavonoid group, and (6) high glucose with drynaria total flavonoid group. Alkaline phosphate (ALP) test kit was used to examine the level of ALP.