Invasive pneumococcal pneumonia caused by 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine types in children with different schedules.

Background: In Taiwan, the age group with the greatest incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease is 2-5 years of age, which is different from other countries. This study was conducted to identify risk factors and different 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) schedules associated with vaccine-type invasive pneumococcal pneumonia (IPP) despite prior vaccination.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted prospectively between August 2012 and December 2015 at five participating medical centers.