Sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) were developed for type 2 diabetes by reducing the reabsorption of sodium and glucose in the kidneys.
Clinical trials have shown that SGLT2i are effective not only in managing diabetes but also in treating cardiovascular diseases and heart failure.
Recent research suggests SGLT2i might have antiarrhythmic properties, though more studies are needed to fully understand their mechanisms, which may involve intracellular sodium, metabolism, and autophagy.
* Despite advancements, the precise molecular and cellular processes behind AF remain unclear, and existing treatments, including antiarrhythmic drugs and ablation, often come with significant drawbacks and limitations, particularly for persistent AF cases.
* The review highlights recent progress in understanding AF's epidemiology, genetics, and treatment options, focusing on current and potential therapies and innovative approaches to AF management.