Effects of Intraoperative Epidural Steroid-Soaked Gelatin Sponge in Lumbar Spine Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the impact of intraoperative epidural steroid-soaked gelatin sponge in lumbar spine surgery for conditions like spinal stenosis and nerve root compression. Surgery often involves removing structures to decompress the nerves. Steroids are used to alleviate inflammation and pain, with gelatin sponges serving as carriers to extend their effect.

Foliar-applied zinc promotes cadmium allocation from leaf surfaces to grains in rice.

The accumulation of Cd by rice poses significant health risks. Foliar fertilization with Zn can reduce grain Cd contents in rice grown in Cd-contaminated soils. However, atmospheric deposition on leaves is another vector of Cd contamination, and it remains unclear how Zn application affects the allocation of such Cd.

Phylogenetic evidence reveals early Kra-Dai divergence and dispersal in the late Holocene.

Studying language evolution brings a crucial perspective to bear on questions of human prehistory. As the most linguistically diverse region on earth, East and Southeast Asia have witnessed extensive sociocultural and ethnic contacts among different language communities. Especially, the Kra-Dai language family exhibits tremendous socio-cultural importance in these regions.

High-energy interference-free K-lines synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microscopy of rare earth elements in hyperaccumulator plants.

Synchrotron-based micro-X-ray fluorescence analysis (µXRF) is a nondestructive and highly sensitive technique. However, element mapping of rare earth elements (REEs) under standard conditions requires care, since energy-dispersive detectors are not able to differentiate accurately between REEs L-shell X-ray emission lines overlapping with K-shell X-ray emission lines of common transition elements of high concentrations. We aim to test REE element mapping with high-energy interference-free excitation of the REE K-lines on hyperaccumulator plant tissues and compare with measurements with REE L-shell excitation at the microprobe experiment of beamline P06 (PETRA III, DESY).

Plasma-Membrane-Localized Transporter NREET1 is Responsible for Rare Earth Element Uptake in Hyperaccumulator .

Rare earth elements (REEs) are critical for numerous modern technologies, and demand is increasing globally; however, production steps are resource-intensive and environmentally damaging. Some plant species are able to hyperaccumulate REEs, and understanding the biology behind this phenomenon could play a pivotal role in developing more environmentally friendly REE recovery technologies. Here, we identified a REE transporter NRAMP REE Transporter 1 (NREET1) from the REE hyperaccumulator fern .

Rare earth elements detoxification mechanism in the hyperaccumulator Dicranopteris linearis: [silicon-pectin] matrix fixation.

Dicranopteris linearis is the best-known hyperaccumulator species of rare earth elements (REEs) and silicon (Si), capable of dealing with toxic level of REEs. Hence, this study aimed to clarify how D. linearis leaves cope with excessive REE stress, and whether Si plays a role in REE detoxification.

MicroRNAs balance growth and salt stress responses in sweet sorghum.

Salt stress is one of the major causes of reduced crop production, limiting agricultural development globally. Plants have evolved with complex systems to maintain the balance between growth and stress responses, where signaling pathways such as hormone signaling play key roles. Recent studies revealed that hormones are modulated by microRNAs (miRNAs).

Biogeochemical cycles of nutrients, rare earth elements (REEs) and Al in soil-plant system in ion-adsorption REE mine tailings remediated with amendment and ramie (Boehmeria nivea L.).

The exploitation of ion-adsorption rare earth element (REE) deposits in South China has left large areas of mine tailings. However, limited remediation practices on these tailings have been reported, and how the remediation strategies and economic plants cultivation affect the biogeochemical cycles of nutrients, REEs and Al remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of the combination of the addition of soil amendment and the root development and activity of a fiber plant ramie (Boehmeria nivea L.

Ancient Mitochondrial Genomes Reveal Extensive Genetic Influence of the Steppe Pastoralists in Western Xinjiang.

The population prehistory of Xinjiang has been a hot topic among geneticists, linguists, and archaeologists. Current ancient DNA studies in Xinjiang exclusively suggest an admixture model for the populations in Xinjiang since the early Bronze Age. However, almost all of these studies focused on the northern and eastern parts of Xinjiang; the prehistoric demographic processes that occurred in western Xinjiang have been seldomly reported.

Simultaneous hyperaccumulation of rare earth elements, manganese and aluminum in Phytolacca americana in response to soil properties.

The plant Phytolacca americana L. simultaneously hyperaccumulates manganese (Mn) and rare earth elements (REEs), but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. In this study, P.

Iatrogenic pseudoaneurysm of the superficial temporal artery following craniectomy from a scalp hook retractor penetrating injury: Case report and literature review.

Background: Iatrogenic pseudoaneurysms in scalp vessels are an uncommon complication after cranial surgery. This paper reports a case of scalp pseudoaneurysm in the superficial temporal artery (STA) after forceful hook retraction in craniectomy and reviews the relevant literature.

Case Description: A 36-year-old man with history of hypertension and depression presented to the emergency department with head injury after using sedation medication.

Single-cell profiling lights different cell trajectories in plants.

The molecular mechanism of the maintenance and differentiation of plant stem cells is an eternal theme in studies on plant growth and development. Recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) methods have completely changed the understanding of cell heterogeneity and cell function, allowing research precision to identify the differentiation trajectory of stem cells maintained and differentiated at the cellular level. This review aimed to mainly discuss the novel insights provided by scRNA-seq for the maintenance and initiation of plant stem cells, cell differentiation, cell response to environmental changes, and improvement strategies for scRNA-seq.

Ancient DNA and multimethod dating confirm the late arrival of anatomically modern humans in southern China.

The expansion of anatomically modern humans (AMHs) from Africa around 65,000 to 45,000 y ago (ca. 65 to 45 ka) led to the establishment of present-day non-African populations. Some paleoanthropologists have argued that fossil discoveries from Huanglong, Zhiren, Luna, and Fuyan caves in southern China indicate one or more prior dispersals, perhaps as early as ca.

A Mitochondrial DNA Variant Elevates the Risk of Gallstone Disease by Altering Mitochondrial Function.

Background And Aims: Gallstone disease (cholelithiasis) is a cholesterol-related metabolic disorders with strong familial predisposition. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants accumulated during human evolution are associated with some metabolic disorders related to modified mitochondrial function. The mechanistic links between mtDNA variants and gallstone formation need further exploration.

Cytokinins as central regulators during plant growth and stress response.

Cytokinins are a class of phytohormone that participate in the regulation of the plant growth, development, and stress response. In this review, the potential regulating mechanism during plant growth and stress response are discussed. Cytokinins are a class of phytohormone that participate in the regulation of plant growth, physiological activities, and yield.

Uniparental Genetic Analyses Reveal the Major Origin of Fujian Tanka from Ancient Indigenous Daic Populations.

The Fujian Tanka people are officially classified as a southern Han ethnic group, whereas they have customs similar to Daic and Austronesion people. Whether they originated in Han or Daic people, there is no consensus. Three hypotheses have been proposed to explain the origin of this group: (1) the Han Chinese origin, (2) the ancient Daic origin, (3) and the admixture between Daic and Han.

mA Editing: New Tool to Improve Crop Quality?

N-methyladenosine (mA) is the most common type of eukaryotic mRNA modification. It plays an important role in regulating plant growth and development and stress resistance. mA modification influences nearly all aspects of RNA metabolism and functionality and has great potential for improving crop quality.

Triglyceride is a Good Biomarker of Increased Injury Severity on a High Fat Diet Rat After Traumatic Brain Injury.

Injury severity is correlated with poor prognosis after traumatic brain injury (TBI). It is not known whether triglycerides (TGs) or total cholesterol (TC) is good biomarker of increased injury of neuroinflammation and apoptosis in a high fat diet (HFD)-treated rat after TBI episodes. Five-week-old male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were fed a HFD for 8 weeks.

Spontaneous Spinal Epidural Hematoma After Normal Spontaneous Delivery with Epidural Analgesia: Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Pregnancy is a known risk factor for spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma. During cesarean section or vaginal delivery, the unstable hemodynamic status that may occur owing to fluctuation of intra-abdominal pressure increases the possibility of spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma. During labor and the postpartum period, neurologic symptoms may be masked by labor pain or anesthesia block, which makes early diagnosis difficult, especially in the obstetric clinic without a neurologist or neurosurgeon.

The Short-Term Effects of Isolated Traumatic Brain Injury on the Heart in Experimental Healthy Rats.

Background: To date, cardiac dysfunction after traumatic brain injury (TBI) has not been consistent. In this study, we hypothesized that TBI may play a role in the development of new-onset cardiac dysfunction in healthy experimental rats.

Materials And Methods: Anesthetized healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups: a sham-operated control group and a TBI group.