[Research and Application Progress of Biochar in Amelioration of Saline-Alkali Soil].

Saline-alkali land， as one of the farmland problems that seriously threatens grain yield in the 21st century， is widely distributed and has great potential for development. Biochar is a relatively efficient novel soil amendment， which can play an important role in alleviating the soil acid-base barrier， soil pollution control， carbon sequestration， and fertilizer slow release and has a great prospect in promoting sustainable agricultural development. In recent years， the research and application of biochar to improve saline-alkali soil have attracted much attention.

[Advances in Microbial Degradation and Transformation of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances(PFASs)].

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have attracted extensive attention because of their persistence, long-distance migration ability, bioaccumulation, and biological toxicity. Currently, regulatory strategies concerning PFASs in the environment primarily focus on perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs). However, most polyfluoroalkyl compounds can be degraded to PFAAs by environmental microorganisms, also known as precursors.

[Jiawei Baitouweng Decoction affects intestinal mucosal tight junction proteins in rats with ulcerative colitis through p38 MAPK-MLCK signaling pathway].

The aim of this paper was to explore the effect and mechanism of Jiawei Baitouweng Decoction(JWBTW) against ulcerative colitis(UC) from the perspective of intestinal mucosal tight junction proteins. From 60 SPF-grade male SD rats, 10 were randomly selected as the blank control, and the remaining 50 were treated with 3% dextran sodium sulfate(DSS) solution to induce UC and then randomized into the model group, mesalazine group, and low-, medium-, and high-dose JWBTW( L-JWBTW, M-JWBTW and H-JWBTW) groups, with 10 rats in each group. After successive medication for 14 days, the rat general conditions like body weight and stool were observed and the disease activity index(DAI) was calculated.

Pingkui Enema Alleviates TNBS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis by Regulation of Inflammatory Factors, Gut Bifidobacterium, and Intestinal Mucosal Barrier in Rats.

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic recurrent inflammation of the colon, and clinical outcome of UC is still unsatisfied. Pingkui enema, a traditional Chinese medicine prescription, has been safely applied for the treatment of diarrhea and dysentery in clinic for many years. However, its mechanism is still elusive.

MicroRNA-34c-3p target inhibiting NOTCH1 suppresses chemosensitivity and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Chemotherapy is the standard treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, chemoresistance frequently occurs, making the treatment of NSCLC more difficult.

Method: We combined clinical and experimental studies to establish the role of microRNA (miR)-34c in NSCLC metastasis and chemoresistance.

[Distribution and Fluxes of Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in the Middle Reaches of the Yellow River (Weinan-Zhengzhou Section)].

Surface water samples were collected in the middle reaches of the Yellow River (Weinan-Zhengzhou section) and all 28 perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) levels were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The results show that the levels of PFASs in the water and particle phase are 18.4-56.

Aerobic degradation of trichloroethylene by co-metabolism using phenol and gasoline as growth substrates.

Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a common groundwater contaminant of toxic and carcinogenic concern. Aerobic co-metabolic processes are the predominant pathways for TCE complete degradation. In this study, Pseudomonas fluorescens was studied as the active microorganism to degrade TCE under aerobic condition by co-metabolic degradation using phenol and gasoline as growth substrates.

The bioconcentration and degradation of nonylphenol and nonylphenol polyethoxylates by Chlorella vulgaris.

Nonylphenol polyethoxylates (NPnEOs), a major class of nonionic surfactants, can easily enter into aquatic environments through various pathways due to their wide applications, which leads to the extensive existence of their relative stable metabolites, namely nonylphenol (NP) and mono- to tri-ethoxylates. This study investigated the bioconcentration and degradation of NP and NPnEO oligomers (n = 1-12) by a green algae, Chlorella vulgaris. Experimental results showed that C.

[Effects of pH and Ni2+ on sorption behavior of phenanthrene on engineered nano-silica].

In order to reveal the sorption behavior of phenanthrene (PHE) on engineered nano-silica, batch equilibriums were conducted to study the effects of heating, solution pH, and heavy metal ion (Ni2+) on PHE sorption, and a site energy distribution model was used to analyze the changes of sorption behavior. The results demonstrated that the sorption isotherm of PHE could be fitted well by the Freundlich model. The sorption capacity of the original nano-silica (PNS) was enhanced by heating (heated nano-silica, HNS), with the Freundlich adsorption coefficient (lgK(F)) increasing from 1.

[Bioremediation of PAHs contaminated soil from Beijing coking plant by Lasiodiplodia theobromae].

Bioremediation of PAHs contaminated soil from Beijing Coking Plant was performed using a novel fungal strain Lasiodiplodia theobromae (L. theobromae). Moreover, enhanced bioremediation of PAHs contaminated soil was investigated in the presence of different concentrations of Tween 80 and hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPCD).

[Isolation of highly-effective benzo[a]pyrene degrading strain and its degradation capacity].

One new mycete, which could degrade high concentration (up to 100 mg/L) of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) in liquid, was isolated from contaminated soil of Beijing Coking Plant by gradually increasing the concentration of BaP in mineral salt medium (MSM) in order to get new microorganism species for remediation of BaP contamination. The strain was identified as Lasiodiplodia theobromae, and its biodegradation ability in liquid was further investigated. The results showed that L.

Perchlorate and iodide in whole blood samples from infants, children, and adults in Nanchang, China.

Perchlorate, ClO(4)(-), interferes with iodide (I(-)) uptake by the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) and thereby affects thyroid hormone production in the body. Studies have reported human exposures to perchlorate based on measurements in urine, but little is known about the levels in blood. In this study, we determined concentrations of perchlorate, iodide, and other anions (e.

[Extraction of main constituents from rice straw and their sorption of pyrene].

Main constituents (lignin, cellulose and hemicelullose) were extracted from rice straw, and characterized by elemental analysis and Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (DRIFT). Sorption of pyrene on rice straw and its main constituents was studied. The results showed that there are great differences in the properties of the three constituents, with lignin of higher aromaticity and lower polarity, while cellulose and hemicellulose of greater polarity and aliphaticity.

[Bioturbation of macrobenthos on estuarine sediment].

By using microcosm tracer technique, the bioturbation of macrobenthos Helice tientsinensis, Nereis diversicolor, Bullacta exarata, and Cyclina sinensis on the sediment in Beitang Estuary of Tianjin, China was quantitatively studied. The bioturbation of test macrobenthos had obvious effects on the distribution of the sediment, and the effects differed with the macrobenthos. The disturbed intensity (diffusion coefficient, 10(-3) cm2 x d(-1)) of surface sediment under the effects of the macrobenthos was in order of N.

Perfluorinated compounds in whole blood samples from infants, children, and adults in China.

Two hundred and forty five human blood (whole blood) samples from Chinese donors aged from 0 to 90 yrs were analyzed for 10 perfluorinated compounds (PFCs). Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) were the most abundant PFCs found in blood. The median concentration of PFOS was lower in nonadults (i.

Perfluorochemicals in meat, eggs and indoor dust in China: assessment of sources and pathways of human exposure to perfluorochemicals.

In this study, 10 perfluorochemicals (PFCs) were measured in meat, meat products, and eggs, and in indoor dust, collected in China. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) were the most frequently detected PFCs in these samples. Mean concentrations of PFOS and PFOA in foodstuffs were in the range of 0.

[Comparative study on water desorption and thermal desorption of aromatic hydrocarbons in soils].

In order to develop a new method to study the mobility and bioavailability of organic contaminants in soils, a set of thermal desorption device was established. Water desorption and thermal desorption of toluene and pyrene in three types of soils were investigated. The two desorption occurred as bi-phase, which indicates that the combination states of the aromatic hydrocarbons in soils are different.

[Sorption and desorption of phenanthrene on sediments].

Batch experiments were employed to investigate the influences of salinity on the sorption of phenanthrene. Influences of initial phenanthrene concentration, sediment properties and salinity on desorption of phenanthrene were also studied and the mechanism for desorption hysteresis was deeply discussed. Salinity enhanced the sorption of phenanthrene on sediments, and the enhancement extent was related to sediment organic matter (SOM).

[Desorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils assisted by SPMD].

In order to develop a new method to study the desorption and bioavailability of hydrophobic organic chemicals (HOCs) in soils, a method using semi-permeable membrane device (SPMD) to study desorption of HOCs in soils has been set up, and assisted desorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), phenanthrene(PHE), pyrene(PYE), and benzo[a] pyrene (B[a]PYE) in three different kinds of soils was studied using SPMD. The results show that SPMD is a good measurement to study the desorption and bioavailability of HOCs in soils. SPMD assisted desorption of PAHs is highly dependent on the properties of the soils and the chemicals.

Distribution and fate of nonylphenol in an aquatic microcosm.

An aquatic microcosm consisting of four compartments, namely surface microlayer (SM), water sediment and biota (zebra fish), was developed to investigate the distribution and fate of nonylphenol (NP) in an aquatic environment. Level III and level IV fugacity-based multimedia models were used to calculate the distribution and fate of NP. Data obtained from model calculations were in good agreement with those of the experiments.

[Remediation of chromate contaminated soils by combined technology of electrokinetic and iron PRB].

Remediation efficiency on artificial chromate [Cr (VI)] contaminated soil and a field Cr (VI) contaminated soil around industrial Cr residue (Tianjin Tongsheng Chemical and Industrial Factory) by using electrokinetic method was studied. Moreover, the electrokinetic method was combined with iron permeable reactive barrier (PRB) and a better combination mode was found. The remediation efficiency of the combined method was compared with electrokinetic method.

[Photodegradation of nonylphenol polyethoxylates in aqueous solution].

Two lamps, including simulated sunlight lamp and UVA-365 nm lamp, were used to study the kinetics and changes of component distribution of NPEOs mixture in solution during photodegradation, as well as the effect of H2O2 on the photodegradation. LC-MS was used to analyze the products of NPEOs photodegradation. It was found that photodegradation of NPEOs occurred under both simulated sunlight and UVA irradiation, with the degradation rate being 6.

Influence of pyrene combination state in soils on its treatment efficiency by Fenton oxidation.

Interactions of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) with soil organic matter (SOM) determine their combination state in soils, and therefore strongly influence their mobility, bioavailability, and chemical reactivity. Contact time (aging) of an HOC in soil also strongly influences its combination state and environmental fate. We studied Fenton oxidation of pyrene in three different soils to reveal the influences of SOM, contact time, and combination state on the efficiency of vigorous chemical reactions.

Influence of Fenton oxidation on soil organic matter and its sorption and desorption of pyrene.

The influences of Fenton oxidation on the content and composition of soil organic matter (SOM) and the consequent change of its sorption and desorption of pyrene were investigated using three soil samples. The results showed that both the content and the composition of the SOM changed, with total SOM content decreasing. The content of humic acid (HA) was reduced, while the content of humin did not change significantly, however the content of fulvic acid (FA) had a tendency to increase.

[Bioaccumulation of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in carp].

Analysis method for TiO2 nanoparticles in water and fish samples was set up using ICP-AES after dissolved by solution of sulphuric acid and ammonium sulphate. Meanwhile bioaccumulation of TiO2 nanoparticles was assessed by tests exposing carp (Cyprinus carpio)to TiO2 nanoparticles suspensions. The relative standard deviation (RSD) for water sample of 20.