Associations between adiposity and white matter hyperintensities: Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses of 34,653 participants.

Objectives: White matter hyperintensities (WMH) increase the risk of stroke and cognitive impairment. This study aims to determine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between adiposity and WMH.

Methods: Participants were enrolled from the UK Biobank cohort.

Multipredictor risk models for predicting individual risk of Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Early prevention of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a feasible way to delay AD onset and progression. Information on AD prediction at the individual patient level will be useful in AD prevention. In this study, we aim to develop risk models for predicting AD onset at individual level using optimal set of predictors from multiple features.

Associations of circulating metabolites with cerebral white matter hyperintensities.

White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are the most compelling risk factors of stroke, dementia, and early mortality. We aimed to investigate the associations between WMH and circulating metabolites. We studied up to 8190 individuals from the UK Biobank, who have both measurements of 249 plasma metabolites and WMH volume.

Association of sleep behaviors with white matter hyperintensities and microstructural injury: a cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis of 26 354 participants.

Study Objectives: This study assessed the associations between sleep behaviors with white matter macro and microstructure.

Methods: A total of 26 354 participants in the UK Biobank (mean [standard deviation], age, 63.7 [7.

Modified dementia risk score as a tool for the prediction of dementia: a prospective cohort study of 239745 participants.

Based on risk profiles, several approaches for predicting dementia risk have been developed. Predicting the risk of dementia with accuracy is a significant clinical challenge. The goal was to create a modified dementia risk score (MDRS) based on a big sample size.

Comparison of involved-field intensity-modulated radiotherapy combined with S-1 radiotherapy alone for elderly patients with esophageal cancer.

Background: It is estimated that about 30% of esophageal cancer (EC) patients are over 70 years old. Therefore, there is less evidence on the diagnosis and management of elderly EC patients. It is important to explore how elderly EC patients benefit from radical radiochemotherapy regimens, including the target area of radiotherapy (RT), radiation dose and fraction, and choice of chemotherapy drugs.

Genetic determinants of circulating metabolites and the risk of stroke and its subtypes.

Background And Purpose: Circulating metabolites have been implicated in stroke pathogenesis, but their genetic determinants are understudied. Using a Mendelian randomization approach, our aim was to provide evidence for the relationship of circulating metabolites and the risk of stroke and its subtypes.

Methods: Genetic instruments of 102 circulating metabolites were obtained from a genome-wide association study, including 24,925 European individuals.

Causal Relations between Exposome and Stroke: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background And Purpose: To explore the causal relationships of elements of the exposome with ischemic stroke and its subtypes at the omics level and to provide evidence for stroke prevention.

Methods: We conducted a Mendelian randomization study between exposure and any ischemic stroke (AIS) and its subtypes (large-artery atherosclerotic disease [LAD], cardioembolic stroke [CE], and small vessel disease [SVD]). The exposure dataset was the UK Biobank involving 361,194 subjects, and the outcome dataset was the MEGASTROKE consortium including 52,000 participants.

Investigating Causal Relations Between Circulating Metabolites and Alzheimer's Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Metabolomics is a promising approach that can be used to understand pathophysiological pathways of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the causal relationships between metabolism and AD are poorly understood.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the causal association between circulating metabolites and risk of AD through two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.

Herpesvirus infections and Alzheimer's disease: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Observational studies have suggested that herpesvirus infection increased the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but it is unclear whether the association is causal. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the causal relationship between four herpesvirus infections and AD.

Methods: We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate association of four active herpesvirus infections with AD using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies.

Staging tau pathology with tau PET in Alzheimer's disease: a longitudinal study.

A biological research framework to define Alzheimer' disease with dichotomized biomarker measurement was proposed by National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association (NIA-AA). However, it cannot characterize the hierarchy spreading pattern of tau pathology. To reflect in vivo tau progression using biomarker, we constructed a refined topographic F-AV-1451 tau PET staging scheme with longitudinal clinical validation.

Genetically determined low income modifies Alzheimer's disease risk.

Background: Socioeconomic status (SES) is considered to be associated with the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the causal association remain unclear. Here, we determining whether income has a causal protective effect on the risk of developing AD using Mendelian randomization (MR).

Cortical structure and the risk for Alzheimer's disease: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

Progressive loss of neurons in a specific brain area is one of the manifestations of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Much effort has been devoted to investigating brain atrophy and AD. However, the causal relationship between cortical structure and AD is not clear.

Investigating causal relationships between exposome and human longevity: a Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Environmental factors are associated with human longevity, but their specificity and causality remain mostly unclear. By integrating the innovative "exposome" concept developed in the field of environmental epidemiology, this study aims to determine the components of exposome causally linked to longevity using Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.

Methods: A total of 4587 environmental exposures extracting from 361,194 individuals from the UK biobank, in exogenous and endogenous domains of exposome were assessed.

Subtle cognitive impairment as a marker of Alzheimer's pathologies and clinical progression in cognitively normal individuals.

Introduction: Subtle cognitive impairment (SCI) may appear before pathological changes surpass thresholds for abnormality. We aimed to investigate whether SCI could predict Alzheimer's pathologies and advancement.

Methods: A total of 816 cognitively normal individuals were enrolled to assess the longitudinal neuropathological and clinical correlates of baseline SCI, via linear mixed-effects and Cox proportional-hazard models.

Social Isolation, Social Interaction, and Alzheimer's Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Social isolation and social interaction have been suggested to be associated with Alzheimer's disease. However, the causality cannot be unambiguously assessed as traditional epidemiological methods are easily subject to unmeasured confounders and potential bias.

Objective: To examine bidirectional relationships between social isolation, social interaction, and Alzheimer's disease using Mendelian randomization method for assessing potential causal inference.

Associations of the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio with intracranial artery stenosis and ischemic stroke.

Background: The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has emerged as an inflammatory marker. However, the associations of NLR with intracranial artery stenosis (ICAS) and ischemic stroke remain unclear. This study aimed to examine the associations of NLR with ICAS and ischemic stroke among a large and high-risk population.

Association of Plasma Neurofilament Light With Small Vessel Disease Burden in Nondemented Elderly: A Longitudinal Study.

Background And Purpose: Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a promising predictive biomarker of active axonal injury and neuronal degeneration diseases. We aimed to evaluate if an increase in plasma NfL levels could play a monitoring role in the progression of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) among the nondemented elders, which are highly prevalent in elderly individuals and associated with an increased risk of stroke and dementia.

Methods: The study included 496 nondemented participants from the Alzheimer disease neuroimaging initiative database.

Dose-response relationship between blood pressure and intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis.

Background And Aims: We aimed to explore the association between blood pressure, intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) risks and ICAS burden in the Chinese population.

Methods: A retrospective hospital-based multi-center case-control study with large sample size was conducted. 1055 ICAS patients and 1296 non-ICAS subjects with complete clinical information and intracranial artery evaluation were identified between 2014 and 2019.

Investigating Causal Relations Between Risk Tolerance, Risky Behaviors, and Alzheimer's Disease: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Several studies have shown risky behaviors and risk tolerance are associated with Alzheimer's disease. However, the underlying causality remains unclear. Risky behavior and risk tolerance may induce the onset of Alzheimer's disease, and/or vulnerability to Alzheimer's disease may result in more risky behaviors.

The gene is a key regulator of progranulin expression and modifies the risk of multiple neurodegenerative diseases.

Progranulin (PGRN) is a secreted pleiotropic glycoprotein associated with the development of common neurodegenerative diseases. Understanding the pathophysiological role of PGRN may help uncover biological underpinnings. We performed a genome-wide association study to determine the genetic regulators of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) PGRN levels.

Association of Serum Complement C1q Concentration with Severity of Neurological Impairment and Infarct size in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Background: Inflammation occurs after acute ischemic stroke (AIS), and complement C1q is involved in inflammation. However, studies about the association of complement C1q with AIS are still rare. The aim of our study is to investigate the relationship between serum C1q concentration and the clinical severity of AIS.

Plasma amyloid, tau, and neurodegeneration biomarker profiles predict Alzheimer's disease pathology and clinical progression in older adults without dementia.

Introduction: Plasma markers have been reported to be associated with brain amyloid burden, tau pathology, or neurodegeneration. We aimed to evaluate whether plasma biomarker profiles could predict Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology and clinical progression in older adults without dementia.

Methods: Cross-sectional and longitudinal data of participants enrolled in this study were from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI).

A panel of blood lipids associated with cognitive performance, brain atrophy, and Alzheimer's diagnosis: A longitudinal study of elders without dementia.

Introduction: We sought lipid-metabolic biomarkers involved in the processes underlying cognitive decline and detected them in association with Alzheimer's disease (AD) phenotypes.

Methods: A least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression model was used to select lipids that best classified cognitive decline defined by a fast-annual rate of cognition. Lipid summary scores were constructed as predictors of cognitive decline by using this model.