Screening of GLP-1r agonists from natural products using affinity ultrafiltration screening coupled with UPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS technology: a case study of .

In our study, a method based on affinity ultrafiltration screening coupled with UPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS technology was established to select Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists from natural products, and as an example, the GLP-1R agonists from was selected using our established method. As a result, total five GLP-1R agonists were selected from for the first time. Our results indicated that activating GLP-1R to promote insulin secretion probably was another important hypoglycemia mechanism for ginsenosides in , which had great influence on the study of the anti-diabetes effect of ginsenosides.

Screening of potential α-glucosidase inhibitors from by affinity ultrafiltration screening coupled with UPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS method.

is a traditional Chinese medicine with multiple pharmacological activities. Modern pharmacological research has found that extract has an inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase, however, which component can inhibit the activity of α-glucosidase and its degree of inhibition are unknown. To address this issue, this study used affinity ultrafiltration screening combined with UPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS technology to screen α-glucosidase inhibitors in .

Correlation Between Abdominal Fat Distribution and Serum Uric Acid in Patients Recently Diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective: To investigated the link between the distribution of abdominal fat and the concentration of serum uric acid (SUA) in individuals recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Studied 364 individuals had been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes within one month, and evaluated factors such as the distribution of fat in the abdomen, indicators related to glucose and lipid metabolism. The participants' SUA concentrations were divided into a normal control group (CG) and a hyperuricemia group (HG).

Small molecule inhibitors for cancer metabolism: promising prospects to be explored.

Background: Abnormal metabolism is the main hallmark of cancer, and cancer metabolism plays an important role in tumorigenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance. Therefore, studying the changes of tumor metabolic pathways is beneficial to find targets for the treatment of cancer diseases. The success of metabolism-targeted chemotherapy suggests that cancer metabolism research will provide potential new targets for the treatment of malignant tumors.

Screening of Potential α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from the Roots and Rhizomes of by Affinity Ultrafiltration Screening Coupled with UPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS Method.

was a traditional Chinese medicine with various pharmacological activities and one of its important activities was hypoglycemic activity; therefore, has been used in China as an adjuvant in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. In vivo and in vitro tests have revealed that ginsenosides, which are derived from the roots and rhizomes of have anti-diabetic effects and produce different hypoglycemic mechanisms by acting on some specific molecular targets, such as SGLT1, GLP-1, GLUTs, AMPK, and FOXO1. α-Glucosidase is another important hypoglycemic molecular target, and its inhibitors can inhibit the activity of α-Glucosidase so as to delay the absorption of dietary carbohydrates and finally reduce postprandial blood sugar.

Comprehensive Identification of Ginsenosides in the Roots and Rhizomes of Based on Their Molecular Features-Oriented Precursor Ions Selection and Targeted MS/MS Analysis.

is widely used in Asian countries and its active constituents-ginsenosides-need to be systematically studied. However, only a small part of ginsenosides have been characterized in the roots and rhizomes of (RRPG) up to date, mainly because of a lack of the fragmentation ions of many more ginsenosides. In order to comprehensively identify ginsenosides in RRPG, molecular features of ginsenosides orienting precursor ions selection and targeted tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analysis strategy were proposed in our study, in which the precursor ions were selected according to the molecular features of ginsenosides irrespective of their peak abundances, and targeted MS/MS analysis was then performed to obtain their fragmentation ions for substance characterization.

Application of 3D-printed prosthesis in revision surgery with large inflammatory pseudotumour and extensive bone defect: A case report.

Background: Hip revision surgery is the final treatment option for the failure of artificial hip joints, but it is more difficult than the initial operation. For patients with hip joint loosening around the prosthesis combined with large inflammatory pseudotumours and large segment bone defects, hip revision is even more difficult, and clinical reports are rare.

Case Summary: Male, 59 years old.

Gardenoside Hinders Caspase-1-Mediated Hepatocyte Pyroptosis Through the CTCF/DPP4 Signaling Pathway.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)is accompanied by typical inflammatory damage and cell death. As a pro-inflammatory form of cell death, pyroptosis participates in important pathological processes involved in NAFLD. Regulatory roles of both CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) have been reported in NAFLD, but it is still unclear whether the mechanism of action of gardenoside, a potential therapeutic for NAFLD, can be driven these proteins.

[Effect of Scutellariae Radix on expression of inflammatory cytokine protein and gene in lung of mice with viral pneumonia caused by influenza virus FM1 infection].

Mice models of viral pneumonia were induced by pulmonary adaptive strain FM1 of influenza A virus in Asian mice.RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to dynamically observe the effect of Scutellariae Radix on the protein and gene expression of inflammatory cytokine in the lungs of the model mice infected by influenza virus FM1 at different phases. The partial mechanism of Scutellariae Radix in repairing the immune inflammatory damage of target organs of pneumonia caused by influenza virus was further explored.

[Expression and significance of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor and receptor 2 in stage 3 pressure injury of rats].

Objective: To analyze the expression and relationship of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and kinase insert domain receptor (KDR) in local skin tissues of pressure injury and investigate the possible mechanism of stage 3 pressure injury refractory wound.

Methods: Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, compressed 3 d, 5 d, 7 d, and 9 d groups. Stage 3 pressure injury animal model were established by magnet compression.

Screening Specific Biomarkers of Herbs Using a Metabolomics Approach: A Case Study of Panax ginseng.

Medicinal herbs belonging to the same genus are always easily confused due to their extremely similar morphology and metabolites. Previously, to differentiate them, inherently specific biomarkers were screened out via intuitive comparison of their metabolite profiles. Unfortunately, the selected biomarkers have worked only partially.

Rapid Analysis of Components in Franch by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry.

Background: Franch is a traditional Chinese medical herb.

Objective: In this article, ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to rapidly, qualitatively, and comprehensively identify the components in Franch.

Materials And Methods: Chromatographic separation was achieved on an Agilent Zorbax RRHD Eclipse Plus C column.

Rapid characterization of ginsenosides in the roots and rhizomes of by UPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS/MS and simultaneous determination of 19 ginsenosides by HPLC-ESI-MS.

Background: Ginsenosides are the characteristic and principal components which manifest a variety of the biological and pharmacological activities of the roots and rhizomes of (GRR). This study was carried out to qualitatively and quantitatively determine the ginsenosides in the cultivated and forest GRR.

Methods: A rapid and sensitive ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode-array detector and quadrupole/time of flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS/MS) was applied to the qualitative analysis of ginsenosides and a 4000 QTRAP triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer (HPLC-ESI-MS) was applied to quantitative analysis of 19 ginsenosides.

Cryopreservation of whole bovine ovaries: comparisons of different thawing protocols.

Objective: The aim of this study was to perform a comparative investigation of several different thawing protocols and to determine an appropriate protocol for thawing whole bovine frozen ovaries.

Study Design: Bovine ovaries were slowly frozen and then thawed by applying different protocols. Ultrastructural change, follicle viability, and the hormone levels of culture supernatant were measured.

Metabolism of 20(S)-Ginsenoside Rg₂ by Rat Liver Microsomes: Bioactivation to SIRT1-Activating Metabolites.

20(S)-Ginsenoside Rg₂ (1) has recently become a hot research topic due to its potent bioactivities and abundance in natural sources such as the roots, rhizomes and stems-leaves of Panax ginseng. However, due to the lack of studies on systematic metabolic profiles, the prospects for new drug development of 1 are still difficult to predict, which has become a huge obstacle for its safe clinical use. To solve this problem, investigation of the metabolic profiles of 1 in rat liver microsomes was first carried out.

Identification of the chemical constituents of Chinese medicine Yi-Xin-Shu capsule by molecular feature orientated precursor ion selection and tandem mass spectrometry structure elucidation.

The incomplete identification of the chemical components of traditional Chinese medicinal formula has been one of the bottlenecks in the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine. Tandem mass spectrometry has been widely used for the identification of chemical substances. Current automatic tandem mass spectrometry acquisition, where precursor ions were selected according to their signal intensity, encounters a drawback in chemical substances identification when samples contain many overlapping signals.

[Chemical constituents from roots and rhizomes of Panax ginseng cultivated in Jilin province].

The chemical constituents of the roots and rhizomes of Panax ginseng were systematically investigated by various column chromatographic methods including Amberlite XAD-4 macroporous adsorptive resins and silica gel as well as high-performance liquid chromatography, and their chemical structures were identified by physico-chemical properties and spectral analyses. Twenty-eight compounds were isolated from the 70% ethanolic-aqueous extract and identified as koryoginsenoside R1 (1), ginsenoside Rg1 (2), ginsenoside Rf (3), notoginsenoside R2 (4), ginsenoside Rg2 (5), notoginsenoside Fe (6), ginsenjilinol (7), ginsenoside Re5 (8), noto-ginsenoside N (9), notoginsenoside R1 (10), ginsenoside Re2 (11), ginsenoside Re1 (12), ginsenoside Re (13), ginsenoside Rs2 (14), ginsenoside Ro methyl ester (15), ginsenoside Rd (16), ginsenoside Re3 (17), ginsenoside Re4 (18), 20-gluco-ginsenoside Rf (19), ginsenoside Ro (20), ginsenoside Rc (21), quinquenoside-R1 (22), ginsenoside Ra2 (23), ginsenoside Rb1 (24), ginsenoside Ra1 (25), ginsenoside Ra3 (26), ginsenoside Rb2 (27), and notoginsenoside R4 (28). All isolated compounds are 20 (S) -protopanaxadiol or protopanaxatriol type triterpenoid saponins.

Role of Helicobacter pylori virulence factor cytotoxin-associated gene A in gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection might initiate and contribute to the progression of lymphoma from gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). Increasing evidence shows that eradication of H.