Tolfenamic Acid Suppresses Inflammatory Stimuli-Mediated Activation of NF-κB Signaling.

Tolfenamic acid (TA) is a traditional non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and has been broadly used for the treatment of migraines. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) is a sequence-specific transcription factor and plays a key role in the development and progression of inflammation and cancer. We performed the current study to investigate the underlying mechanisms by which TA suppresses inflammation focusing on NF-κB pathway in TNF-α stimulated human normal and cancer cell lines and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse macrophages.

Anti-inflammatory activity of mushroom-derived hispidin through blocking of NF-κB activation.

Background: Hispidin, a polyphenol compound mainly derived from the valuable medicinal mushroom Phellinus species, has been found to possess distinct biological effects. However, the anti-inflammatory potential of hispidin still remains uncharacterized.

Results: In this study, the effects of hispidin on activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and the subsequent production of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were determined in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage RAW 264.

Six new induced sesquiterpenes from the cultures of ascomycete Daldinia concentrica.

Six new sesquiterpenes having the botryane carbon skeleton (1-6), together with known compounds (7-10) were induced and isolated from the ascomycete Daldinia concentrica (strain S 0318). Structures elucidation was accomplished by NMR spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic studies.

Induced daldinin A, B, C with a new skeleton from cultures of the ascomycete Daldinia concentrica.

Daldinin A, B, C with a new skeleton, together with four known compounds, were induced and isolated from cultures of the ascomycete Daldinia concentrica. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis, and that of daldinin A was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.

New phenyl-ethanediols from the culture broth of Boletus edulis.

A new phenyl-ethanediol, (1S)-(4-acetylphenyl)-1, 2-ethanediol (1), and a new natural product, (1S)-(3-ethenylphenyl)-1, 2-ethanediol (2), were isolated from the culture broth of the basidiomycete Boletus edulis together with three related known compounds, 1-(4-ethylphenyl)-1, 2-ethanediol (3), 1-(3-ethylphenyl)-1, 2-ethanediol (4) and 1-(3-formylphenyl)-ethanone (5). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including extensive 2D-NMR techniques.

Hypocrellin D, a cytotoxic fungal pigment from fruiting bodies of the ascomycete Shiraia bambusicola.

A fungal pigment, hypocrellin D (1), together with three known perylenequinone derivatives hypocrellin A (2), B (3) and C (4), was isolated from the fruiting bodies of Shiraia bambusicola. Its structure was elucidated on the basis of spectral data including 2D NMR experiments. Hypocrellin D (1) significantly inhibited the growth of tumor cell lines Bel-7721, A-549 and Anip-973 with IC50 values of 1.

A new cytotoxic lanostane triterpenoid from the basidiomycete Hebeloma versipelle.

A new cytotoxic lanostane triterpenoid, 24(E)-3beta-hydroxylanosta-8,24-dien-26-al-21-oic acid (1), was isolated from the fruiting bodies of the mushroom Hebeloma versipelle. The structure was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic studies including 2D NMR experiments. Compound 1 moderately inhibited the growth of several tumor cell lines (IC50 10-25.

Activity in vitro and in vivo against plant pathogenic fungi of grifolin isolated from the basidiomycete Albatrellus dispansus.

In the course of screening for novel naturally occurring fungicides from mushrooms in Yunnan province, China, the ethanol extract of the fruiting bodies of Albatrellus dispansus was found to show antifungal activity against plant pathogenic fungi. The active compound was isolated from the fruiting bodies of A. dispansus by bioassay-guided fractionation of the extract and identified as grifolin by IR, 1H and 13C NMR and mass spectral analysis.

Antifungal properties of pristimerin and celastrol isolated from Celastrus hypoleucus.

Pristimerin and celastrol isolated from the roots of Celastrus hypoleucus (Oliv) Warb f argutior Loes exhibited inhibitory effects against diverse phytopathogenic fungi. Pristimerin and celastrol were found to inhibit the mycelial growth of Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn and Glomerella cingulata (Stonem) Spauld & Schrenk in vitro by 83.6 and 62.