Alcoholic fatty liver (AFL) is susceptible to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, responding with inflammation and extensive hepatocellular damage. Autophagy maintains cellular homeostasis and regulates inflammation and lipid metabolism. 2-Methoxyestradiol (2-ME2), an endogenous metabolite of estradiol, exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Panax ginseng has a wide range of biological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory functions. Wild ginseng cambial meristematic cells (CMCs) were obtained from P. ginseng cambium.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: The aim of this study was to determine the protective mechanisms of wild ginseng cambial meristematic cells (CMCs) on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice.
Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice received either normal-fat diet or HFD for 10 weeks along with wild ginseng CMCs (75, 150 and 300 mg/kg) or vehicle (0.5% carboxyl methyl cellulose) by oral administration once a day.
Background And Purpose: Autophagy is an essential cytoprotective system that is rapidly activated in response to various stimuli including inflammation and microbial infection. Genipin, an aglycon of geniposide found in gardenia fruit, is well known to have anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antioxidative properties. This study examined the protective mechanisms of genipin against sepsis, with particular focus on the autophagic signalling pathway.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAgastache rugosa (A. rugosa, Labiatae), a perennial herb spread throughout Korean fields, is widely consumed as a wild edible vegetable and is used in folk medicine. This study examined the hepatoprotective mechanisms of β-caryophyllene (BCP), a major bicyclic sesquiterpene of A.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSepsis refers to the deleterious and non-resolving systemic inflammatory response of the host to microbial infection and is the leading cause of death in intensive care units. The pathogenesis of sepsis is highly complex. It is principally attributable to dysregulation of the innate immune system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study examined the hepatoprotective effects of lupeol (1, a major active triterpenoid isolated from Adenophora triphylla var. japonica) against d-galactosamine (GalN) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced fulminant hepatic failure. Mice were orally administered 1 (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg; dissolved in olive oil) 1 h before GalN (800 mg/kg)/LPS (40 μg/kg) treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe pathogenic mechanism underlying alcoholic fatty liver (AFL) is not clear. Autophagy is a self-digestion process that is critical for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and regulation of lipid metabolism. We investigated the role of autophagy and autophagic flux in hepatic injury induced by chronic ethanol feeding in mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLinarin was isolated from Chrysanthemum indicum L. Fulminant hepatic failure is a serious clinical syndrome that results in massive inflammation and hepatocyte death. Apoptosis is an important cellular pathological process in d-galactosamine (GalN)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced liver injury, and regulation of liver apoptosis might be an effective therapeutic method for fulminant hepatic failure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Physiol Biochem
July 2016
Background: Autophagy is a self-digestion system responsible for maintaining cellular homeostasis and interacts with reactive oxygen species produced during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Melatonin (MLT) is a potent and endogenous anti-oxidant that has beneficial effects in liver I/R injury. In this study, we examined the cytoprotective mechanisms of MLT in liver I/R, focusing on autophagic flux and associated signaling pathways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLiver ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury is characterized by oxidative stress that is accompanied by alterations of the endogenous defensive system. Emerging evidence suggests a protective role for autophagy induced by multiple stressors including reactive oxygen species. Meanwhile, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has long been implicated in cytoprotection against oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe aim of this study was to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of anethole (trans-anethole, 1), a major component of Foeniculum vulgare, and its molecular mechanism during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Mice were subjected to 60 min of partial hepatic ischemia followed by 1 and 6 h of reperfusion. Compound 1 (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) or the vehicle alone (10% Tween 80-saline) was orally administered 1 h prior to ischemia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study was performed to examine the hepatoprotective effect of isorhamnetin-3-O-galactoside, a flavonoid glycoside isolated from Artemisia capillaris Thunberg (Compositae), against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic injury. Mice were treated intraperitoneally with vehicle or isorhamnetin-3-O-galactoside (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) 30 min before and 2 h after CCl4 (20 μl/kg) injection. Serum aminotransferase activities and hepatic level of malondialdehyde were significantly higher after CCl4 treatment, and these increases were attenuated by isorhamnetin-3-O-galactoside.
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