The study explored the relationship between TLR3 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to enterovirus 71 (EV71) encephalitis in children, comparing those with and without encephalitis.
While genotype frequencies for TLR3-1377C/T were similar between groups, both encephalitis and non-encephalitis patients showed higher serum TLR3 levels than controls, with non-encephalitis patients having the highest levels.
The encephalitis group had a greater EV71 viral load, and children over 1 year had higher TLR3 levels compared to younger children within the same group, indicating age-related differences in immune response.