Experimental study on opto-acoustic nonlinear frequency-mixing technique with separated basic temperature.

Different from the traditional frequency-mixing technique which employs a contacting transducer, the laser-induced acoustic nonlinear frequency-mixing detection technique utilizes a laser source to instigate crack motion and generate acoustic waves. Thus, apart from the temperature oscillation induced by the pump laser, the "basic temperature" originating from the probe laser can also influence the crack. This additional variable complicates the contact state of the crack, yielding a more diverse range of nonlinear acoustic signal attributes.

Study of thermal effects induced by the high-frequency probing laser in nonlinear opto-acoustic frequency-mixing technique.

Photo-thermal modulation-based nonlinear opto-acoustic frequency-mixing technique is an effective method for detecting micro-cracks. When using this technique for micro-crack detection, the selection of laser source parameters is particularly crucial. Compared to traditional piezo-transducer-based mixing techniques, the characteristic of using a laser as the detection source is the presence of thermal effects.

Interventional chemoembolization for the treatment of severe ulcerative bleeding caused by advanced breast cancer: A report of two cases.

Local ulcerative cutaneous hemorrhage resulting from breast cancer profoundly effects the quality of life of patients, at times even posing a threat to life. While early diagnosis rates of breast cancer have shown improvement, some patients may present at an advanced stage upon consultation. Presently, there is no standardized treatment approach for these patients.

Recent advance of small-molecule drugs for clinical treatment of multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic neoplasm of plasma cells that is currently deemed incurable. Despite the introduction of novel immunomodulators and proteasome inhibitors, MM remains a challenging disease with high rates of relapse and refractoriness. The management of refractory and relapsed MM patients remains a formidable task, primarily due to the emergence of multiple drug resistance.

Clinically approved small-molecule drugs for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a persistent autoimmune ailment that is typified by the development of pannus, proliferation of synovial lining cells, microvascular neogenesis, infiltration of interstitial inflammatory cells, and destruction of cartilage and bone tissue. The disease not only imposes physical pain and economic burden on patients, but also results in a significant decline in their quality of life, rendering it a leading cause of disability. General treatment and drugs are commonly employed to alleviate the condition and symptoms of RA.

Author Correction: Chiral recognition and enantiomer excess determination based on emission wavelength change of AIEgen rotor.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Enhanced DNA Sensing and Chiroptical Performance by Restriction of Double-Bond Rotation of AIE -Tetraphenylethylene Macrocycle Diammoniums.

The aggregation-induced emission (AIE) mechanism of restriction of double-bond rotation (RDBR) was utilized to design an excellent solid emitter and sensor for the first time. Thus, -tetraphenylethylene (TPE) macrocycle diammoniums were synthesized and bound to a DNA chain by its two ammonium arms. The formed TPE dicycle at the position restricted the rotation of the double bond in both the ground and excited states, resulting in AIE enhancement, chiroptical performance enhancement, and sensing enhancement.

Chiral recognition and enantiomer excess determination based on emission wavelength change of AIEgen rotor.

Chiral recognition, such as enantioselective interactions of enzyme with chiral agents, is one of the most important issues in the natural world. But artificial chiral receptors are much less efficient than natural ones. For tackling the chiral recognition and enantiomer excess (ee) analysis, up until now all the fluorescent receptors have been developed based on fluorescence intensity changes.

Environmental Benefits of Engine Remanufacture in China's Circular Economy Development.

China has recently implemented broad strategies aimed at achieving a circular economy by providing subsidies for the remanufacture industry and setting a target of 15% increase in energy efficiency in industrial production across sectors, among other strategies. Here, we examine the environmental implications of these policies in the context of engine remanufacture, using an environmental computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. Results indicate that both the subsidy policy and energy efficiency improvement target can contribute to economic growth and emission reductions, but the subsidy policy is estimated to have far greater impacts.

Evidence for Aggregation-Induced Emission from Free Rotation Restriction of Double Bond at Excited State.

This paper reports that cis-TPE dicycles emit strong fluorescence, while the gem dicycles show almost no emission in solution, demonstrating that the free rotation restriction of the double bond at the excited state is the key factor for AIE effects.

Tensile Fracture Behavior and Failure Mechanism of Additively-Manufactured AISI 4140 Low Alloy Steel by Laser Engineered Net Shaping.

AISI 4140 powder was directly deposited on AISI 4140 wrought substrate using laser engineered net shaping (LENS) to investigate the compatibility of a LENS-deposited part with the substrate. Tensile testing at room temperature was performed to evaluate the interface bond performance and fracture behavior of the test specimens. All the samples failed within the as-deposited zone, indicating that the interfacial bond is stronger than the interlayer bond inside the deposit.

Inhibitory effect of aloe emodin mediated photodynamic therapy on human oral mucosa carcinoma in vitro and in vivo.

We report a study on inhibition of human oral squamous cell carcinoma in vitro and in vivo, using novel photosensitizer (PS) aloe emodin (AE) mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT). Distinct morphology changes of oral mucosa carcinoma KB cells were observed under an optical microscope and cell migrations were inhibited owing to AE-PDT. The cell proliferation was blocked in G1 phase and the apoptosis increase were both caused by massive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from photoactivated AE.

Laser Engineered Net Shaping of Nickel-Based Superalloy Inconel 718 Powders onto AISI 4140 Alloy Steel Substrates: Interface Bond and Fracture Failure Mechanism.

As a prospective candidate material for surface coating and repair applications, nickel-based superalloy Inconel 718 (IN718) was deposited on American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) 4140 alloy steel substrate by laser engineered net shaping (LENS) to investigate the compatibility between two dissimilar materials with a focus on interface bonding and fracture behavior of the hybrid specimens. The results show that the interface between the two dissimilar materials exhibits good metallurgical bonding. Through the tensile test, all the fractures occurred in the as-deposited IN718 section rather than the interface or the substrate, implying that the as-deposited interlayer bond strength is weaker than the interfacial bond strength.

Pheretima aspergillum decoction suppresses inflammation and relieves asthma in a mouse model of bronchial asthma by NF-κB inhibition.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance And Aim Of The Study: Guang-Pheretima, the live form of the earthworm Pheretima aspergillum, is a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used for the treatment of asthma, cough, stroke, epilepsy and other diseases due to its anti-inflammatory, anti-asthmatic, anti-seizure, thrombolytic and diuretic properties. Although Guang-Pheretima is effective in the relief of asthma, its pharmacological activity and the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Hence, we investigated the effects of a Pheretima aspergillum decoction (PAD) against inflammation in a model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma in BALB/c mice, as well as the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway involved in this process.

[Raman Enhancement of a Dipolar Molecule on CVD Graphene].

The CVD graphene was chosen as the Raman enhancement substrate, graphene-enhanced Raman scattering(GERS) of dipolar molecule DREP were explored with a laser wavelength λ = 532 nm of micro-Raman spectroscopy. Upon comparison of the raman signal of DREP molecular latched to a graphene/SiO₂ substrate and to a bare SiO₂substrate, we found that the Raman signal of pure DREP molecule basically does not exist at low concentrations, until it reaches a certain concentration of 1 x 10⁻⁵ mol · L⁻¹, its Raman signal emerging and as the increasing of the concentration, Raman signal and fluorescence signal all increase. However, the raman signal of DREP molecular on the grapheme occur at the concentration of 1 x 10⁻⁷ mol · L⁻¹ and as the increasing of concentration, the raman signal increasing quickly but the fluorescence signal is not obvious.

[Silymarin Protects Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells against Apoptosis Induced by Serum-Deprivation].

Objective: To investigate the protection of silymarin against the human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) apoptosis induced by serum deprivation and its underlying mechanism.

Methods: Human umbilical cord MSCs were cultured in the absence of serum, and the silymain of different concentration (1-10 µg/ml) was added into the medium. MTT test was performed to observe the cell proliferation status.

Orbital-type trapping of elastic Lamb waves.

The interaction of laser-generated Lamb waves propagating in a plate with a sharp-angle conical hole was studied experimentally and numerically. Part of the energy of the incident wave is trapped within the conic area in two ways: the antisymmetric Lamb wave orbiting the center of the hole and the wave localized at the acute edge. Parameters and conditions for optimal conversion of the incident wave into the trapped modes were studied in this work.

[Investigation on the internalization pathway of microparticles into human umbilical cord endothelial cells].

Objective: To investigate the mechanisms underlying the incorporation of microparticles(MP) derived from human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into human umbilical cord endothelial cells (HUVECs).

Methods: MPs were isolated from the supernatants of MSCs which had exposed to a hypoxia/serum-deprivation condition. Electron microscope was used to identify the MPs.

Total date rate of multi-wavelength 2R regenerators for time-interleaved RZ-OOK signals.

Multi-wavelength regeneration free of inter-channel crosstalk is desirable for wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems, especially from the cost-effectiveness point of view. This paper presents the design rules of time-interleaved multi-wavelength 2R regeneration systems based on data-pump four wave mixing (FWM) effect, and several key factors, such as FWM bandwidth, wavelength assignment, and duty cycle, are comprehensively taken into account. The total data rate of time-interleaved WDM regeneration systems along with polarization multiplexing or bidirectional transmission are discussed, which are mainly determined by temporal overlap, spectral broadening and FWM bandwidth.

Shape memory polymer nanocomposites for application of multiple-field active disassembly: experiment and simulation.

Active disassembly (AD) uses innovative materials that can perform a designed disassembly action by the application of an external field. AD provides improvements over current disassembly processes by limiting machine or manual labor and enabling batch processing for end-of-life products. With improved disassembly operations, more reuse of components and purer recycling streams may be seen.

Formation and dynamics of a toroidal bubble during laser propelling a cavity object in water.

We captured stable self-oscillations of a toroidal bubble moving away from a laser propelled cavity object in water using a high-speed imaging system. The entire laser propelling process generates a hemispherical bubble, two toroidal bubbles, and a microbubble cluster. The hemispherical bubble is formed by laser breakdown in water.

Simultaneous determination of five phenolic components and paeoniflorin in rat plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of Cerebralcare granule(®).

A simple, sensitive and selective high-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) method was developed for simultaneous determination and pharmacokinetic study of six active components, protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid rosmarinic acid and paeoniflorin in rat plasma after oral administration of Cerebralcare granule(®) for the first time. The method involves a simple liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate. The separation was performed on a Luna C18 column (2.

Determination of ginsenoside Rc in rat plasma by LC-MS/MS and its application to a pharmacokinetic study.

Ginsenoside Rc (GRc) is a potential pharmacologically active ingredient isolated from ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, Araliaceae).

Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting using a bilateral internal mammary artery Y graft.

Objective: To evaluate the outcome of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG) using a bilateral internal mammary artery (BIMA) Y configuration graft to achieve total arterial myocardial revascularization.

Methods: From October 2002 to December 2008, 208 patients (196 males and 12 females) underwent OPCABG using a BIMA Y configuration graft. The average age of the patients was 56.

Total Arterial Off-pump Coronary Revascularization with a Bilateral Internal Mammary Artery Y Graft (208 cases).

Objective: The aim was to evaluate the early outcome of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG) with a bilateral internal mammary artery (BIMA) Y configuration graft to achieve total arterial myocardial revascularization.

Materials And Methods: From October 2002 to December 2008, 208 patients (196 male and 12 female patients) underwent OPCABG by only using a BIMA Y configuration graft. The average age of the patients was 56.