Optical counting platform of shrimp larvae using masked k-means and a side window filter.

Accurate and efficient counting of shrimp larvae is crucial for monitoring reproduction patterns, assessing growth rates, and evaluating the performance of aquaculture. Traditional methods via density estimation are ineffective in the case of high density. In addition, the image contains bright spots utilizing the point light source or the line light source.

C-methyladenosine in tRNA promotes protein translation by facilitating the decoding of tandem mA-tRNA-dependent codons.

RNA modification C-methyladenosine (mA) exists in both rRNA and tRNA of Escherichia coli (E. coli), installed by the methyltransferase RlmN using a radical-S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) mechanism. However, the precise function of mA in tRNA and its ubiquity in plants have remained unclear.

The Molecular Basis of Human ALKBH3 Mediated RNA N -methyladenosine (m A) Demethylation.

N -methyladenosine (m A) is a prevalent post-transcriptional RNA modification, and the distribution and dynamics of the modification play key epitranscriptomic roles in cell development. At present, the human AlkB Fe(II)/α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase family member ALKBH3 is the only known mRNA m A demethylase, but its catalytic mechanism remains unclear. Here, we present the structures of ALKBH3-oligo crosslinked complexes obtained with the assistance of a synthetic antibody crystallization chaperone.

RNA demethylation increases the yield and biomass of rice and potato plants in field trials.

RNA N-methyladenosine (mA) modifications are essential in plants. Here, we show that transgenic expression of the human RNA demethylase FTO in rice caused a more than threefold increase in grain yield under greenhouse conditions. In field trials, transgenic expression of FTO in rice and potato caused ~50% increases in yield and biomass.

R-loop resolution promotes co-transcriptional chromatin silencing.

RNA-mediated chromatin silencing is central to genome regulation in many organisms. However, how nascent non-coding transcripts regulate chromatin is poorly understood. Here, through analysis of Arabidopsis FLC, we show that resolution of a nascent-transcript-induced R-loop promotes chromatin silencing.

Dynamic and reversible RNA N -methyladenosine methylation.

N -methyladenosine (m A) is the most abundant internal chemical modification in eukaryotic messenger RNAs (mRNAs). The discovery in 2011 that m A is reversed by the fat mass and obesity-associated protein stimulated extensive worldwide research efforts on the regulatory biological functions of dynamic m A and other RNA modifications. The epitranscriptomic mark m A is written, read, and erased through the activities of a complicated network of enzymes and other proteins.

The mA Reader ECT2 Controls Trichome Morphology by Affecting mRNA Stability in Arabidopsis.

The epitranscriptomic mark -methyladenosine (mA) can be written, read, and erased via the action of a complex network of proteins. mA binding proteins read mA marks and transduce their downstream regulatory effects by altering RNA metabolic processes. The characterization of mA readers is an essential prerequisite for understanding the roles of mA in plants, but the identities of mA readers have been unclear.

ALKBH10B Is an RNA -Methyladenosine Demethylase Affecting Arabidopsis Floral Transition.

-methyladenosine (mA) is the most abundant, internal, posttranscriptional modification in mRNA among all higher eukaryotes. In mammals, this modification is reversible and plays broad roles in the regulation of mRNA metabolism and processing. Despite its importance, previous studies on the role and mechanism of mA methylation in have been limited.