Reproductive toxicity of bisphenol A and nitro-bisphenol A in male zebrafish at environmentally relevant concentrations.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a well-known endocrine-disrupting pollutant that poses significant environmental challenges globally. However, the toxicity of nitro-BPA (NBPA), the primary transformation product of BPA, remains poorly understood. This study employs a multi-omics approach, integrating in silico and bioinformatics analyses, to investigate and compare the male reproductive toxicity of BPA and NBPA in male zebrafish exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations.

Tunable third harmonic generation based on high-Q polarization-controlled hybrid phase-change metasurface.

Dielectric metasurfaces have made significant advancements in the past decade for enhancing light-matter interaction at the nanoscale. Particularly, bound states in the continuum (BICs) based on dielectric metasurfaces have been employed to enhance nonlinear harmonic generation. However, conventional nonlinear metasurfaces are typically fixed in their operating wavelength after fabrication.

Tight focusing of fractional-order topological charge vector beams by cascading metamaterials and metalens.

Vector beams have attracted widespread attention because of their unique optical properties; in particular, their combination with tight focusing can produce many interesting phenomena. The rise of 3D printing technology provides more possibilities for exploration. In this work, a cascading method involving a metamaterial and a metalens is used to generate a tightly focused field of vector beams in the terahertz band, which is prepared via 3D printing.

Multigenerational effects of disperse blue 79 at environmentally relevant concentrations on zebrafish (Danio rerio) fecundity: An integrated approach.

The brominated azo dye (BAD) Disperse Blue (DB79) is a widespread environmental pollutant. The long-term toxicological effects of DB79 and the mechanisms thereof must be understood to allow assessment of the risks of DB79 pollution. A dual-omics approach employing in silico analysis, bioinformatics, and in vitro bioassays was used to investigate the transgenerational (F-F) toxicity of DB79 in zebrafish at environmentally relevant concentrations and identify molecular initiating events and key events associated with DB79-induced fertility disorders.

Worm-Based Diagnosis Combining Microfluidics toward Early Cancer Screening.

Early cancer diagnosis increases therapy efficiency and saves huge medical costs. Traditional blood-based cancer markers and endoscopy procedures demonstrate limited capability in the diagnosis. Reliable, non-invasive, and cost-effective methods are in high demand across the world.

Plant-derived artificial miRNA effectively reduced the proliferation of aphid (Aphidoidea) through spray-induced gene silencing.

Background: Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) are notorious sap-sucking insects that rampantly threaten agricultural production worldwide. Current management against aphids in the field heavily relies on chemical pesticides, which makes economical and eco-friendly methods urgently needed. Spray-induced gene silencing (SIGS) offers a powerful and precise approach to pest management.

Research on Multiscale Modeling and Experiment of CFRP Milling.

High-quality milling of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites is of great importance for the high-performance manufacturing of structures made of this hard-to-machine material. In this paper, a multiscale finite element (FE) model, considering the thermal-mechanical coupling effect, was developed to simulate the milling process and reveal its material removal mechanism. The corresponding milling experiments were conducted to validate the simulated cutting forces and temperature, which were in good agreement with the experiment results.

High-Q Quasi-Bound States in the Continuum in Terahertz All-Silicon Metasurfaces.

Bound states in the continuum (BIC)-based all-silicon metasurfaces have attracted widespread attention in recent years because of their high quality (Q) factors in terahertz (THz) frequencies. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate an all-silicon BIC metasurface consisting of an air-hole array on a Si substrate. BICs originated from low-order TE and TM guided mode resonances (GMRs) induced by (1,0) and (1,1) Rayleigh diffraction of metagratings, which were numerically investigated.

Scattered beam control of encoded metasurface based on near-field coupling effects of elements.

The coupling effect between the element structures of the traditional Huygens metasurface is easy to cause the efficiency of the designed functional devices to be reduced. In order to eliminate or reduce the coupling effect between the element structures, a border-type Huygens metasurface element structure is proposed. In order to confirm that the bounding element structure can significantly reduce the coupling effect, the near-field distribution and far-field properties of two Huygens metasurfaces with and without bounding are compared.

Tight focusing field of cylindrical vector beams based on cascaded low-refractive index metamaterials.

Using low-refractive-index metamaterials, we design a transmission-type radial-angular cylindrical vector beam generator. A high numerical aperture lens is constructed using an asymmetric meta-grating structure. The metamaterial vector beam generator and the meta-grating lens are physically cascaded to obtain the tight focusing characteristics of the vector light field.

The mediating role of exhaled breath condensate metabolites in the effect of particulate matter on pulmonary function in schoolchildren: A crossover intervention study.

The role played by metabolites in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) in the effect of PM on schoolchildren's pulmonary function has received little attention. Accordingly, we examined whether metabolites in EBC mediated the effect of PM, PM, and PM on the pulmonary function of schoolchildren at a residential primary school who had received an air-cleaner cross-over intervention. Samples of EBC were collected from a total of 60 schoolchildren and subjected to metabolomics analysis.

Enhanced acupuncture therapy for radiotherapy-related neuropathic pain in patients with gynecologic cancer: a report of two cases and brief review.

As radiation therapy is increasingly utilized in the treatment of cancer, neuropathic pain (NP) is a common radiotherapy-related adverse effect and has a significant impact on clinical outcomes negatively. However, despite an improved understanding of neuropathic pain management, pain is often undertreated in patients with cancer. Herein, we reported two cases with radiotherapy-related neuropathic pain (RRNP) who presented a positive reaction to acupuncture.

On-chip non-uniform geometric metasurface for multi-channel wavefront manipulations.

Metasurfaces integrated with waveguides have been recently explored as a means to control the conversion between guided modes and radiation modes for versatile functionalities. However, most efforts have been limited to constructing a single free-space wavefront using guided waves, which hinders the functional diversity and requires a complex configuration. Here, a new, to the best of our knowledge, type of non-uniformly arranged geometric metasurface enabling independent multi-channel wavefront engineering of guided wave radiation is ingeniously proposed.

Switchable transmissive and reflective metadevices based on the phase transition of vanadium dioxide.

Metasurfaces have made great progress in the past decade in generating various planar optical devices. However, most metasurfaces exhibit their functions in either reflection mode or transmission mode, with the other mode unutilized. In this work, we demonstrate switchable transmissive and reflective metadevices by combining metasurfaces with vanadium dioxide.

Vibrational spectroscopic detection and analysis of isoniazid-nicotinamide-succinic acid ternary cocrystal.

In this paper, binary and ternary cocrystals in the ternary cocrystal system of isoniazid-nicotinamide-succinic acid were prepared by solvent evaporation and grinding methods. All of them were characterized by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS), confirming that the cocrystals could be obtained by the above two methods. In addition, to investigate the formation of hydrogen bonds and their influence in cocrystal, several possible forms of hydrogen bond in cocrystal were simulated by density functional theory (DFT).

Flexible graphene-based metamaterial sensor for highly sensitive detection of bovine serum albumin.

A graphene-based metamaterial sensor working in the terahertz spectrum is proposed, simulated, and experimentally verified by measuring bovine serum albumin (BSA). Flexible, low-cost polyimide (PI) is used as the substrate, and aluminum with periodic square rings is chosen as the metal layer. Furthermore, the introduction of the graphene monolayer interacts with the molecules through - stacking, resulting in the highly sensitive detection of BSA by calculating the amplitude changes at the resonance frequency.

Transmission terahertz power beam splitter based on a single-layer metal metasurface.

A periodic metasurface composed of a single layer of copper structure is proposed. The general transmission power beam splitter is composed of a multilayer structure, which is difficult to fabricate. The proposed single-layer terahertz wave power beam splitter contains only a single-layer circular hole cell structure, and it can control the transmission angle by controlling the arrangement mode of the coding cells.

Sensors for simultaneous measurement of temperature and humidity based on all-dielectric metamaterials.

In this study, a new type of sensors based on all-dielectric metamaterials that can measure temperature and relative humidity simultaneously was designed and theoretically analyzed in detail. The proposed metamaterial sensor consists of a quartz substrate in the bottom layer, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) in the middle layer, and a periodic silicon structure on the top layer. CST Studio Suite was used to determine the transmission spectrum of the metamaterials in the near-infrared band using finite integration, and two transmission dips were observed.

Pharmaceutical Cocrystals of Ethenzamide: Molecular Structure Analysis Based on Vibrational Spectra and DFT Calculations.

Pharmaceutical cocrystals can offer another advanced strategy for drug preparation and development and can facilitate improvements to the physicochemical properties of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) without altering their chemical structures and corresponding pharmacological activities. Therefore, cocrystals show a great deal of potential in the development and research of drugs. In this work, pharmaceutical cocrystals of ethenzamide (ETZ) with 2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid (26DHBA), 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (24DHBA) and gallic acid (GA) were synthesized by the solvent evaporation method.

Relationship between Preoperative Hemoglobin and Hospital Stays in Patients Receiving Prime Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Previous evidence has shown that preoperative hemoglobin is related to poor prognosis after primary total knee arthroplasty. Reviewing cohort research was conducted at the third-level academic medical center in Singapore and involved 2,676 patients. Population statistics, complications, preoperative hemoglobin (Hb) levels, length of hospital stay (LOS), and readmission information of thirty days were obtained.

Effects of Thyroid Dysfunction and the Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Levels on the Risk of Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis from Cohort Studies.

Objective: To explore the relationship between thyroid dysfunction, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, and risks of atrial fibrillation (AF) in studies and conduct a dose-response meta-analysis on the correlation between the TSH levels and risk of AF.

Methods: Thirteen studies from 5 databases with 649 293 subjects (mean age, 65.1 years) were included.