Evaluation of the integration of retrieval-augmented generation in large language model for breast cancer nursing care responses.

Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in women worldwide. Although large language models (LLMs) can provide breast cancer nursing care consultation, inherent hallucinations can lead to inaccurate responses. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) technology can improve LLM performance, offering a new approach for clinical applications.

Does two-level hybrid surgery promote early fusion compared with two-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion?

Background Context: Hybrid surgery (HS), which involves both anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) and cervical disc replacement (ACDR), is increasingly used to treat multilevel cervical disc degenerative disease, yielding satisfactory clinical outcomes. Early fusion is critical after anterior cervical fusion surgeries, but there are no studies comparing the rate of early fusion of HS with that of ACDF.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the rate of early fusion (3-6 months postoperatively) of two-level HS with that of two-level ACDF surgery.

Stress-eliminated liquid-phase fabrication of colloidal films above the critical crack thickness.

The thickness of film materials is a critical factor influencing properties such as energy density, optical performance, and mechanical strength. However, the long-standing challenge of the intrinsic thermodynamic limit on maximum thickness often leads to detrimental cracking, compromising these desirable properties. In this study, we present an approach called the stress-eliminated liquid-phase fabrication (SELF) method.

One-step high-speed thermal-electric aerosol printing of piezoelectric bio-organic films for wirelessly powering bioelectronics.

Piezoelectric biomaterials hold a pivotal role in the progression of bioelectronics and biomedicine, owing to their remarkable electromechanical properties, biocompatibility, and bioresorbability. However, their technological potential is restrained by certain challenges, including precise manipulation of nanobiomolecules, controlling their growth across nano-to-macro hierarchy, and tuning desirable mechanical properties. We report a high-speed thermal-electric driven aerosol (TEA) printing method capable of fabricating piezoelectric biofilms in a singular step.

The impact of COVID-19 vaccination rate on traffic recovery.

At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in the US, traffic sharply fell due to social distancing policies in many locations. Correspondingly, many regions observed an increase in traffic volume (traffic recovery) as the pandemic eased in 2022. We examine how vaccination rates influence traffic recovery in Los Angeles County (LAC), controlling for differences in case counts, demographics, and socioeconomic factors across areas with different vaccination rates.

Novel reduced heteropolyacid nanoparticles for effective treatment of drug-induced liver injury by manipulating reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and inflammatory signals.

With the rapid advancements in biomedicine, the use of clinical drugs has surged sharply. However, potential hepatotoxicity limits drug exploitation and widespread usage, posing serious threats to patient health. Hepatotoxic drugs disrupt liver enzyme levels and cause refractory pathological damage, creating a challenge in the application of diverse first-line drugs.

Gut microbiota-brain bile acid axis orchestrates aging-related neuroinflammation and behavior impairment in mice.

Emerging evidence shows that disrupted gut microbiota-bile acid (BA) axis is critically involved in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. However, the alterations in spatial distribution of BAs among different brain regions that command important functions during aging and their exact roles in aging-related neurodegenerative diseases are poorly understood. Here, we analyzed the BA profiles in cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and hypothalamus of young and natural aging mice of both sexes.

Comment on Dheyab AM. et al.'s "Long-Term Efficacy of Oral Valganciclovir in Presumed Cytomegalovirus Unilateral Hypertensive Anterior Uveitis".

The inclusion criteria of patients in this study were inconsistent especially in distinguishing Fuchs' uveitis and herpetic uveitis from Posner-Schlossman syndrome, indicating well-defined inclusion criteria were needed. CMV anterior uveitis and Posner-Schlossman syndrome may not be the same disease, CMV may only act as a triggering factor for Posner-Schlossman syndrome, and the clinical manifestations of mild anterior segment inflammation were mainly caused by inflammatory reactions mediated by autoimmune factors. Although the antiviral medication was important in the treatment of Posner-Schlossman syndrome, the role of other treatment methods especially topical steroids should not be ignored.

The severity of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and its association with pregnancy complications and neonatal asphyxia: A single-center case analysis and systematic review.

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) poses significant risks to maternal and neonatal health. Our study at Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital analyzed clinical and biochemical markers in singleton pregnancies diagnosed with ICP from October 2016 to December 2022. This research, supported by a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing studies, highlights the increasing incidence of ICP and its association with elevated levels of total bile acids, transaminases, and bilirubin.

Sagittal slope angle of lateral atlantoaxial articulation is associated with the severity of basilar invagination with atlantoaxial dislocation and predicts reduction degree after surgery.

Objective: To investigate (1) lateral atlantoaxial articulation (LAA) morphology in patients with basilar invagination (BI) with atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD) and healthy individuals and its relationship with the severity of dislocation and (2) the effect of the LAA morphology on reduction degree (RD) after surgery.

Methods: In this retrospective propensity score matching case-control study, imaging and baseline data of 62 patients with BI and AAD from 2011 to 2022 were collected. Six hundred thirteen  participants without occipitocervical junctional deformity served as controls.

Phase 1 dose escalation study of the MDM2 inhibitor milademetan as monotherapy and in combination with azacitidine in patients with myeloid malignancies.

Background: Mouse double minute-2 homolog (MDM2) plays a key role in downregulating p53 activity in hematologic malignancies, and its overexpression is associated with poor outcomes.

Methods: This phase 1 study assessed the safety and efficacy of different dosing regimens of the MDM2 inhibitor milademetan as monotherapy and in combination with azacitidine (AZA) in patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia or high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes.

Results: Seventy-four patients (monotherapy, n = 57; milademetan-AZA combination, n = 17) were treated.

TNIP3 protects against pathological cardiac hypertrophy by stabilizing STAT1.

Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is one of the major risk factors of heart failure and other cardiovascular diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying pathological cardiac hypertrophy remain largely unknown. Here, we identified the first evidence that TNFAIP3 interacting protein 3 (TNIP3) was a negative regulator of pathological cardiac hypertrophy.

Role of gut microbiota in regulating immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly malignant, invasive, and poorly prognosed brain tumor. Unfortunately, active comprehensive treatment does not significantly prolong patient survival. With the deepening of research, it has been found that gut microbiota plays a certain role in GBM, and can directly or indirectly affect the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in various ways.

Does Screw Number of Zero-profile Implants in Fusion Segment Influence Intervertebral Stability?

Objective: The unclear clinical outcomes of two different zero-profile implants with different number of screws in hybrid surgery restricts the choice of patient-specific implants. This study aims to compare two different implants on its postoperative subsidence, motion stabilization and clinical outcomes. It also provides references to the most reasonable implant choice in fusion surgery.

A bioinspired surface tension-driven route toward programmed cellular ceramics.

The intriguing biomineralization process in nature endows the mineralized biological materials with intricate microarchitected structures in a facile and orderly way, which provides an inspiration for processing ceramics. Here, we propose a simple and efficient manufacturing process to fabricate cellular ceramics in programmed cell-based 3D configurations, inspired by the biomineralization process of the diatom frustule. Our approach separates the ingredient synthesis from architecture building, enabling the programmable manufacturing of cellular ceramics with various cell sizes, geometries, densities, metastructures, and constituent elements.

Clinical and Radiological Outcomes of Cervical Disc Arthroplasty in Patients with Modic Change.

Objective: Modic change (MC) is defined as abnormalities observed in the intervertebral disc subchondral and adjacent vertebral endplate subchondral bone changes. Most studies on MC were reported in the lumbar spine and associated with lower back pain. However, MC has been rarely reported in the cervical spine, let alone in those who underwent cervical disc replacement (CDR).

Outcome of illuminated microcatheter-assisted circumferential trabeculotomy following failed angle surgery in PAX6 aniridic glaucoma: a case report and literature review.

Background: Aniridia is a rare eye disorder with a high incidence of glaucoma, and surgical intervention is often needed to control the intraocular pressure (IOP). Here, we reported a case of illuminated microcatheter-assisted circumferential trabeculotomy (MAT) performed on an aniridic glaucoma patient following a previous failed angle surgery. The surgical procedures for aniridic glaucoma were also reviewed.