Reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress in acute pancreatitis: Pathogenesis and new therapeutic interventions.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common acute gastrointestinal disorder affecting approximately 20% of patients with systemic inflammatory responses that may cause pancreatic and peripancreatic fat necrosis. This condition often progresses to multiple organ failure, significantly increasing morbidity and mortality. Oxidative stress, characterized by an imbalance between the body's reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants, activates the inflammatory signaling pathways.

Misdiagnosis of hemangioma of left triangular ligament of the liver as gastric submucosal stromal tumor: Two case reports.

Background: Extragastric lesions are typically not misdiagnosed as gastric submucosal tumor (SMT). However, we encountered two rare cases where extrinsic lesions were misdiagnosed as gastric SMTs.

Case Summary: We describe two cases of gastric SMT-like protrusions initially misdiagnosed as gastric SMTs by the abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS).

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided lauromacrogol injection for treatment of colorectal cavernous hemangioma: Two case reports.

Background: Colorectal cavernous hemangioma is a rare vascular malformation resulting in recurrent lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage, and can be misinterpreted as colitis. Surgical resection is currently the mainstay of treatment, with an emphasis on sphincter preservation.

Case Summary: We present details of two young patients with a history of persistent hematochezia diagnosed with colorectal cavernous hemangioma by endoscopic ultrasound (EUS).

Characteristics and Risk Factors of Functional Dyspepsia Fulfilling the Rome IV Criteria Overlapping With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, and Functional Constipation in South China.

Background/aims: Functional dyspepsia (FD) overlapping with other gastrointestinal disorders are quite common. The characteristics of FD overlap in Chinese population with latest Rome IV criteria were unclear. This large-scale outpatient-based study assessed the characteristics of FD overlap in South China.

Coil and n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate migration into the stomach after TIPS for gastroesophageal variceal bleeding: a case report and literature review.

Background: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is a well-established therapeutic option for the management of variceal hemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis. The simultaneous migration of the coil and n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA) is an extremely rare but significant complication after TIPS. Because of its rare presentation, there are currently no definitive recommendations for the management of this condition.

Biliary microbiota and mucin 4 impact the calcification of cholesterol gallstones.

Background: Cholesterol gallstones account for over 80% of gallstones, and the pathogenesis of gallstone formation involves genetic and environmental factors. However, data on the evolution of cholesterol gallstones with various densities are limited. This study aimed to determine the roles of microbiota and mucins on the formation of calcified cholesterol gallstones in patients with cholelithiasis.

Esophageal bronchogenic cyst excised by endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection: A case report.

Background: Esophageal bronchogenic cyst (EBC) is a rare congenital disease that is difficult to diagnose preoperatively, and treatment remains controversial.

Case Summary: We report a 53-year-old Chinese woman hospitalized in our hospital following the discovery of a submucosal protruding mass of the esophagus by upper endoscopy. A preliminary diagnosis of EBC was made by endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), and treatment was accomplished by endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection (ESTD).

Multiple gastric angiolipomas: A case report.

Background: Angiolipoma is a benign tumor and is generally found in subcutaneous tissues. Angiolipomas are rare in the gastrointestinal tract, including the stomach. Preoperative diagnosis of the tumor is difficult, although there are several radiological examinations such as computed tomography and endoscopic ultrasound.

Large heterotopic gastric mucosa and a concomitant diverticulum in the rectum: Clinical experience and endoscopic management.

Heterotopic gastric mucosa (HGM) in the rectum is an extremely rare clinical entity which may be missed or misdiagnosed due to a lack of knowledge. In the present study, a 14-year-old girl visited our hospital due to a 5-year history of repeated hematochezia. Colonoscopy showed a solitary superficial depressed lesion approximately 5 cm in size and a concomitant 1.

Endoscopic Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis and Treatment Strategy Choice of Esophageal Leiomyoma.

Objectives:: Esophageal leiomyoma is the most common benign tumor of the esophagus, and it originates from mesenchymal tissue. This study analyzed the clinicopathological characteristics of esophageal leiomyoma and aimed to evaluate the role of endoscopic ultrasonography in the diagnosis and treatment selection for these lesions.

Methods:: Two hundred and twenty-five patients who had suspected esophageal leiomyomas in endoscopic ultrasonography were enrolled at the Endoscopy Center of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University from January 1st, 2009 to May 31th, 2015.

Hepatitis C Virus Infection Is Positively Associated with Gallstones in Liver Cirrhosis.

Aim: To elucidate the prevalence and risk factors of gallstone disease (GD) among patients with liver disease and explore their association with the aetiology and severity of hepatic injury.

Methods: We analysed 4,832 subjects of hepatic injury induced by one of the following aetiologies: hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, excessive alcohol consumption. The risk factors significantly associated with GD were analysed using stepwise logistic regression analysis, the influence of aetiology and severity of liver disease on the prevalence of GD were assessed by multiple logistic regression analysis adjusting for confounding factors.

Is gallstone disease associated with inflammatory bowel diseases? A meta-analysis.

Objective: To investigate the association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and gallstone disease (GD) by performing a meta-analysis.

Methods: PubMed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library were searched for relevant articles published between January 1980 and February 2015. All statistical analyses were performed using STATA 12.

Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with gallstones: Epidemiological survey in China.

Aim: To elucidate the prevalence and risk factors for gallstones, primarily focusing on Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection.

Methods: A total of 10016 Chinese subjects, who had undergone physical examination, fasting (13)C urea breath test and abdominal ultrasonography, had sufficient blood test data, and had finished a questionnaire, were included in this cross-sectional study.

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided deep and large biopsy for diagnosis of gastric infiltrating tumors with negative malignant endoscopy biopsies.

Aim: To assess the diagnostic yield and safety of a deep and large biopsy technique under the guidance of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) for diagnosis of gastric infiltrating tumors with negative malignant endoscopy biopsies.

Methods: From January 2009 to March 2014, 36 patients in whom gastric infiltrating tumors had been diagnosed by EUS received negative results for malignancy after endoscopic biopsies. The deep and large biopsy technique combined bite-on-bite technique with or without endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) to obtain submucosal tissue from lesions.

Endoscopic banding ligation can effectively remove the submucosal tumor.

Endoscopic band ligation for variceal bleeding in cirrhosis has been proved its safety and efficacy. We tried to treat submucosal tumors the gastrointestinal (GI) tract by endoscopic band ligation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic band ligation in the treatment of submucosal tumors of the GI tract.

Diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic ultrasonography for rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms.

Aim: To investigate the diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) for rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) and the differential diagnosis of rectal NENs from other subepithelial lesions (SELs).

Methods: The study group consisted of 36 consecutive patients with rectal NENs histopathologically diagnosed using biopsy and/or resected specimens. The control group consisted of 31 patients with homochronous rectal non-NEN SELs confirmed by pathology.

Association of caveolin-3 and cholecystokinin A receptor with cholesterol gallstone disease in mice.

Aim: To investigate the role of caveolin-3 (CAV3) and cholecystokinin A receptor (CCKAR) in cholesterol gallstone disease (CGD).

Methods: To establish a mouse model of CGD, male C57BL/6 mice were fed with a lithogenic diet containing 1.0% cholic acid, 1.

Upregulation of caveolin-1 and SR-B1 in mice with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most frequent causes of liver diseases, with markedly increased prevalence. However, its mechanisms are not clear. The present study was undertaken to illustrate the role of caveolin-1 (cav1) and the scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR-B1) in NAFLD.

Clonal immunoglobulin heavy chain and T-cell receptor γ gene rearrangements in primary gastric lymphoma.

Aim: To study the diagnostic value of immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) and T-cell receptor γ (TCR-γ) gene monoclonal rearrangements in primary gastric lymphoma (PGL).

Methods: A total of 48 patients with suspected PGL at our hospital were prospectively enrolled in this study from January 2009 to December 2011. The patients were divided into three groups (a PGL group, a gastric linitis plastica group, and a benign gastric ulcer group) based on the pathological results (gastric mucosal specimens obtained by endoscopy or surgery) and follow-up.

Esophageal granular cell tumors: report of 9 cases and a literature review.

Esophageal granular cell tumors (GCTs) are rare tumors of the esophagus. We evaluated the clinical and pathologic features of 9 esophageal GCT patients (5 men and 4 women) from our institute and reviewed the related disease literature. Patient age ranged from 25 to 53 years (mean: 41 years).

[Double balloon endoscopy in diagnosis of patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding].

Objective: To assess the diagnostic value of double balloon endoscopy (DBE) for obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB) METHODS: The data of 103 OGIB patients who underwent DBE from January 2007 to September 2010 in the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: DBE was successfully performed in all 103 patients without complications. Of 103 patients, 66(64.

Endoscopic ultrasonography for the diagnosis and selecting treatment of esophageal leiomyoma.

Background And Aim: To investigate the clinical value of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) with miniature ultrasonic probes (MUP) for the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal leiomyoma.

Methods: A total of 229 patients with esophageal leiomyoma, diagnosed using EUS, with 12-MHz MUP and a double-cavity electronic endoscope, were enrolled. The clinical characteristics of the patients were analyzed, and those who had therapeutic indications received endoscopic resection or surgical excision.

Sonographic features of duodenal lipomas in eight clinicopathologically diagnosed patients.

Aim: To investigate the sonographic features and diagnostic value of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) for duodenal lipomas (DLs).

Methods: A total of eight consecutive patients with DL diagnosed pathologically were included in the study. One EUS expert reviewed the ultrasonic images for all lesions, including the original layer of the duodenal wall, the echo intensity and the echo homogeneity.

[The diagnosis and treatment of duodenal lipoma.].

Objective: To summarize the clinical features of the duodenal lipomas in order to explore effective diagnostic methods and appropriate treatment preoperatively.

Methods: The clinical features, laboratory results, endoscopic appearance, radiological and pathological data of 8 cases of duodenal lipoma were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: Four patients suffered with repeated melena, 3 cases with epigastric discomfort, sour regurgitation or hiccup, while 1 patient without any symptoms.