Risk factors for stent occlusion after catheter-directed thrombolysis and iliac vein stenting in the treatment of May-Thurner syndrome with iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: This study aimed to identify the risk factors for stent occlusion in patients with iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis (DVT) secondary to May-Thurner syndrome (MTS) who underwent catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) and iliac vein stenting.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 44 patients who underwent CDT and iliac vein stenting for MTS with iliofemoral DVT between October 2001 and March 2018. MTS was diagnosed based on extrinsic compression of the left common iliac vein (CIV) by the overlying right common iliac artery (CIA) on computed tomography (CT).

Guidewire-catheter induced hydrodissection to assist radiofrequency ablation for subcapsular hepatocellular carcinoma with iodized oil retention in patients with failed artificial ascites due to perihepatic adhesion.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the usefulness of guidewire-catheter induced hydrodissection (GIH) to assist radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for subcapsular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with iodized oil retention in patients with failed artificial ascites due to perihepatic adhesion.

Methods: This retrospective study included 17 patients with small subcapsular HCC ineligible for ultrasonography-guided RFA who received RFA under guidance of fluoroscopy and cone-beam computed tomography immediately after iodized oil transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) between April 2011 and January 2016. In the study patients, creation of artificial ascites to protect the perihepatic structures failed due to perihepatic adhesion and GIH was attempted to separate the perihepatic structures from the ablation zone.

Combined transarterial chemoembolization and radiofrequency ablation for subphrenic versus nonsubphrenic hepatocellular carcinoma: a propensity score matched study.

Purpose: To compare therapeutic outcomes of combined transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) treatment for small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in subphrenic versus nonsubphrenic locations by propensity score matching.

Methods: This retrospective study included 293 patients with single HCC (≤ 3 cm) ineligible for ultrasound-guided RFA who received iodized oil TACE and subsequent RFA between June 2010 and January 2017. The patients were divided into two groups according to the tumor location: subphrenic (n = 99) and nonsubphrenic (n = 194).

Radiologic and clinical results of transarterial ethanol embolization for renal angiomyolipoma.

Objective: We sought to determine the efficacy and safety of selective arterial embolization for renal angiomyolipoma (AML) using ethanol alone or ethanol with additional embolic materials and to analyze the factors influencing safety and efficacy.

Methods: One hundred nineteen AMLs treated with embolization were included retrospectively during a 15-year period. Technical, radiologic, and clinical success were recorded and risk factor analysis was performed.

Percutaneous radiologic gastrostomy with single gastropexy: outcomes in 636 patients.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the technical success and overall complication rate of percutaneous radiologic gastrostomy (PRG) with single gastropexy using a separate tract from that used for tube placement.

Methods: From January 2014 to December 2018, 636 patients (469 men, 167 women; mean age 66.8 years; age range, 22-98 years) underwent PRG using single gastropexy at a tertiary center.

Therapeutic outcomes of embolotherapy of extremity bone intraosseous arteriovenous malformation with ethanol, coils, and n-butyl cyanoacrylate.

Objective: We evaluated the therapeutic outcomes of embolotherapy for bone arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) affecting the extremities using ethanol, coils, and n-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA).

Methods: We reviewed the data from 36 patients (18 males, 18 females; mean age 25 years; age range, 1-64 years) with bone AVMs affecting their extremities who had undergone embolotherapy using ethanol, coils, and NBCA from December 1996 to July 2019. Of the 36 patients, 19 had had pure bone AVMs and 17 mixed bone and soft tissue (MBS) AVMs.

Combined therapy with bronchial artery embolization and tranexamic acid for hemoptysis.

Background: While most previous studies have viewed tranexamic acid as a bridging or temporary therapy, our preliminary study offers insights into the combined therapy of antifibrinolytic agent with endovascular treatment for hemoptysis.

Purpose: To investigate the feasibility and safety of combined therapy, to analyze factors affecting the outcomes of combined therapy, and to compare the effectiveness of combined therapy between groups with different etiologies.

Material And Methods: Between January 2011 and December 2014, 64 patients (33 men, mean age 64.

Factors associated with the development of post-thrombotic syndrome in patients with iliofemoral deep venous thrombosis who underwent catheter-directed thrombolysis.

Objective: To identify predictors of post-thrombotic syndrome in patients with iliofemoral deep venous thrombosis who underwent catheter-directed thrombolysis.

Methods: Fifty-two consecutive patients who underwent catheter-directed thrombolysis were included in this retrospective study. In addition to catheter-directed thrombolysis, aspiration thrombectomy or stent placement was performed if needed.

Selective Versus Non-selective Transarterial Chemoembolization via the Intercostal Artery for the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Purpose: To report the 1-month tumor response and safety of selective transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) via the intercostal artery (ICA) for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in comparison with those of non-selective TACE.

Methods: This retrospective study included 79 HCC patients who underwent TACE via the ICA selectively (selective TACE group; n = 26) or non-selectively (non-selective TACE group; n = 53) between January 2001 and December 2016. Selective TACE was defined when TACE was performed with selective catheterization of the tumor feeding branch of the ICA.

Subclassification and Treatment Results of Ethanol Embolotherapy of Type II Arteriovenous Malformations of the Extremity and Body.

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of ethanol and coil embolization of type II arteriovenous malformation (AVM) according to a new subtype classification.

Materials And Methods: Eighty-four type II AVMs in the body or extremity of 79 patients who underwent AVM treatment from 1996 to 2017 were retrospectively subclassified according to the angiographic morphology of the draining vein as type IIa (arterioles shunt to focal segment of single draining vein), type IIb (arterioles shunt to venous sac with multiple draining veins), and type IIc (arterioles shunt along long segment of draining vein). Coil and ethanol embolization of the focal or long segment of the draining vein or the venous sac was performed with direct puncture or transvenous approach according to subtype.

Long-term clinical outcomes after endovascular management of ruptured pseudoaneurysm in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Purpose: Recent studies have analyzed the short-term clinical outcomes of ndovascular management. However, the long-term outcomes are unknown. This study aimed to investigate clinical outcomes after endovascular management for ruptured pseudoaneurysm in patients after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD).

Endovascular treatment results and risk factors for complications of body and extremity arteriovenous malformations.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the factors associated with the complication rate and treatment outcomes of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) during a 20-year period.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of 306 patients (135 men, 171 women; mean age, 30.8 years) with body and extremity AVMs who were treated between 1996 and 2017.

Effect of Hyperbilirubinemia on Hepatic Hypertrophy after Portal Vein Embolization and Liver Failure after Hepatectomy in Primary Biliary Malignancy.

Purpose: To retrospectively investigate the impact of hyperbilirubinemia on future liver remnant (FLR) volume after percutaneous transhepatic portal vein embolization (PVE) and incidence of post-hepatectomy liver failure in primary biliary malignancy.

Materials And Methods: Eighty-seven patients (62 men, overall mean age 66.9 y) who underwent PVE, using Gelfoam and coils before major hepatectomy between January 2004 and June 2016, were included in this study and divided into a hyperbilirubinemia (serum total bilirubin level at PVE 5.

Combined transarterial chemoembolization of the right inferior phrenic artery and radiofrequency ablation for small hepatocellular carcinoma near the diaphragm: its efficacy and safety.

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to report the efficacy and safety of combined transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) of the right inferior phrenic artery (IPA) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) near the diaphragm supplied by the right IPA.

Methods: From July 2009 through April 2015, 11 patients with small (≤ 3 cm) HCC near the diaphragm, which was infeasible for ultrasound-guided RFA and supplied by the right IPA, received TACE of the right IPA and subsequent RFA in one session. The safety and therapeutic efficacy, including technique effectiveness and local tumor progression (LTP), were evaluated.

Combined transarterial chemoembolization and radiofrequency ablation for small treatment-naïve hepatocellular carcinoma infeasible for ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation: long-term outcomes.

Background Ultrasound (US)-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is often infeasible due to unfavorable location and poor conspicuity. Those small HCCs can be treated with combined transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and RFA. Purpose To evaluate long-term outcomes of combined TACE and RFA for small treatment-naïve HCC infeasible for US-guided RFA.

Portal Vein Stenting for Delayed Jejunal Varix Bleeding Associated with Portal Venous Occlusion after Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery.

Objective: The study aimed to describe portal stenting for postoperative portal occlusion with delayed (≥ 3 months) variceal bleeding in the afferent jejunal loop.

Materials And Methods: Eleven consecutive patients (age range, 2-79 years; eight men and three women) who underwent portal stenting between April 2009 and December 2015 were included in the study. Preoperative medical history and the postoperative clinical course were reviewed.

Transfemoral Snare-Assisted Advancement of Stent Graft Across Acutely Angulated Aortic Arch.

Delivery of stent grafts during thoracic endovascular aortic replacement can be challenging, especially in aortic arches with severe angulation. Several techniques have been recommended to achieve this. We introduce a simple technical method, transfemoral snare-assisted device advance, which was successful in a 72-year-old woman with an aneurysm in a severely angulated aortic arch and review various technical tips.

Usefulness of intraopertive ultrasonography during directional atherectomy using SilverHawk/TurboHawk system.

Purpose: Directional atherectomy (DA) was introduced for the management of infrainguinal arterial stenosis or occlusive lesions. The procedure success rate in the DEFINITIVE LE study was determined using radiologic imaging. The aim of our study was to determine the usefulness of intraoperative ultrasonography (USG) during DA for evaluating the early results of this procedure.

Efficacy of Statin Treatment in Early-Stage Chronic Kidney Disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a major medical challenge and frequently coexists with cardiovascular disease (CVD), which can be treated by statin trerapy. However, whether statin treatment affects renal progression and outcomes in CKD patients remains unclear. We retrospectively reviewed CKD patients at Gachon University Gil Medical Center from 2003-2013.

Embolization of Congenital Renal Arteriovenous Malformations Using Ethanol and Coil Depending on Angiographic Types.

Purpose: To evaluate effectiveness and safety of embolization of congenital renal arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) using ethanol and/or coil according to angiographic type.

Materials And Methods: Between August 2010 and October 2015, 11 patients (13 sessions; 10 women and 1 man; mean age, 50.8 y) with congenital renal AVMs were treated using ethanol and/or coils via 2 approaches (transarterial access or direct puncture).

A Novel Foam Contrast Agent Suitable for Fluoroscopic Interventional Procedure: Comparative Study of Physical Properties and Experimental Intervention in Animal Model.

In fluoroscopic contrast study for interventional procedure, liquid contrast agent may be diluted in body fluid, losing its contrast effect. We developed a novel contrast agent of "foam state" to maintain contrast effect for enough time and performed a comparative study of physical properties and its usefulness in experimental intervention in animal model. The mean size of microbubble of foam contrast was 13.

Clinical outcome and predictors of treatment response in foam sodium tetradecyl sulfate sclerotherapy of venous malformations.

Objectives: To evaluate clinical outcomes and their predictors in patients with venous malformation (VM) treated with foam sodium tetradecyl sulfate (STS) sclerotherapy.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated clinical outcomes of foam STS sclerotherapy in 86 patients with 91 VMs to assess reduction in pain and mass after treatment. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed to determine possible predictors of clinical outcome with foam STS sclerotherapy.

Early Stage Hepatocellular Carcinomas Not Feasible for Ultrasound-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation: Comparison of Transarterial Chemoembolization Alone and Combined Therapy with Transarterial Chemoembolization and Radiofrequency Ablation.

Purpose: To report the results of combined therapy with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for early stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) considered infeasible for ultrasound (US)-guided RFA in comparison with those of TACE monotherapy.

Methods: From January 2007 through December 2010, 91 patients with early or very early stage HCC infeasible for US-guided RFA received either TACE alone (TACE group; n = 54) or TACE immediately followed by RFA (TACE-RFA group; n = 37) as a first-line treatment. 1-month tumor response, time to progression (TTP), and overall survival (OS) rates were calculated.

Experience of direct percutaneous sac injection in type II endoleak using cone beam computed tomography.

Cone beam CT, usually used in dental area, could easily obtain 3-dimensional images using cone beam shaped ionized radiation. Cone beam CT is very useful for direct percutaneous sac injection (DPSI) which needs very precise measurement to avoid puncture of inferior vena cava or vessel around sac or stent graft. Here we describe two cases of DPSI using cone beam CT.