[Evaluation standards and application for photography of schistosomiasis control theme].

Objective: To set up and apply the evaluation standards for photography of schistosomiasis control theme, so as to offer the scientific advice for enriching the health information carrier of schistosomiasis control.

Methods: Through the literature review and expert consultation, the evaluation standard for photography of schistosomiasis control theme was formulated. The themes were divided into 4 projects, such as new construction, natural scenery, working scene, and control achievements.

[Remain true to our original aspiration for farewell to the God of Plague, compose the new chapter for the national schistosomiasis control programme scientifically-Commemoration of 60th anniversary of publishing Chairman Mao Zedong's two poems "Farewell to the God of Plague"].

This paper reviews the huge promotion of Chairman Mao Zedong's two poems entitled "Farewell to the God of Plague" which were published 60 years ago, and the great achievements of the national schistosomiasis control programme in China. The publication of the two poems promotes the establishment of the mechanism for the national schistosomiasis control programme in China, and in addition, the schistosomiasis control spirit of the people from Yujiang County is still the source of power for the promotion of transferring the schistosomiasis control to elimination stage in China. Now, that we commemorate the 60th anniversary of publishing Chairman Mao Zedong's two poems entitled "Farewell to the God of Plague" means we remain the true to our original aspiration to serve the people forever, which is also to promote the progress of schistosomiasis elimination in China according to the law, the scientific principle, and local conditions, so as to contribute our efforts for realizing the healthy China's dream.

[Research progress of control techniques on ].

is the only intermediate host of . The elimination of snails is the key technique step for schistosomiasis control. This paper summarizes the progress of the techniques of snail control, including the methods of ecology engineering, biology, molluscicides and the study on novel molluscicides, and reviews their features.

An integrated environmental improvement of marshlands: impact on control and elimination of schistosomiasis in marshland regions along the Yangtze River, China.

Background: Schistosomiasis is a global snail-transmitted infectious disease of poverty. Transmission control had been achieved in China in 2015 after the control efforts for over 60 years. Currently, the remaining core regions endemic for Schistosoma japonicum are mainly located in the marshland and lake regions along the Yangtze River basin.

Approaches being used in the national schistosomiasis elimination programme in China: a review.

Schistosomiasis japonica, caused by the human blood fluke Schistosoma japonicum, remains a major public health problem in China, although great success has been achieved. The control efforts during the past half-decade, notably the wide implementation of the new integrated strategy with emphasis on control of the source of S. japonicum infection across the country since 2004, has greatly reduced S.

A multidisciplinary, integrated approach for the elimination of schistosomiasis: a longitudinal study in a historically hyper-endemic region in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China from 2005 to 2014.

Background: Although great success has been achieved, schistosomiasis remains a major public health concern in China, and the remaining core endemic regions are concentrated along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. In this longitudinal study, we evaluated the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary, integrated approach for schistosomiasis elimination in a historically hyper-endemic region in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China over the 10-year period from 2005 through 2014.

Methods: A three-step roadmap for schistosomiasis elimination was designed in the study site, and multidisciplinary, integrated interventions were implemented by the health, agriculture, water resources development, land and resources, and forestry sectors from 2005 to 2014, including chemotherapy for infected individuals, health education, management of the source of Schistosoma japonicum infection, and intermediate host snail control.

[Integration and demonstration of key techniques in surveillance and forecast of schistosomiasis in Jiangsu Province III Development of a machine simultaneously integrating mechanized environmental cleaning and automatic mollusciciding].

Objective: To develop a machine simultaneously integrating mechanized environmental cleaning and automatic mollusciciding and to evaluate its effectiveness of field application, so as to provide a novel Oncomelania hupensis snail control technique in the large-scale marshlands.

Methods: The machine simultaneously integrating mechanized environmental cleaning and automatic mollusciciding, which was suitable for use in complex marshland areas, was developed according to the mechanization and automation principles, and was used for O. hupensis snail control in the marshland.

[Appropriate technology: a driver to eliminate schistosomiasis in China. In- sights gained from the First Forum on Schistosomiasis Control in China].

This paper described the First Forum on Schistosomiasis Control in China. With "Appropriate technology is essential to schistosomiasis prevention and control" as the topic, the forum shared the main interventions and experiences for schistosomiasis control and elimination, exhibited the recent achievements gained from the development of appropriate technology for schistosomiasis control, showed the technical support of appropriate technology for schistosomiasis elimination, and proposed the priority for the future research and development of appropriate technology for schistosomiasis control and elimination in China. It is considered that the forum builds a bridge for communicating information between the administrative sectors and specialized prevention and control institutions, between research institutions and manufactures, and between experts/professors and grassroots professional staff, and provides a platform to communicate the national schistosomiasis control knowledge of China.

[Integration and demonstration of key techniques in surveillance and forecast of schistosomiasis in Jiangsu Province I Layout and effect of the demonstration sites for schistosomiasis surveillance and forecast].

Objective: To explore and integrate the key techniques used in the surveillance and forecast of schistosomiasis in the water regions along the Yangtze River, so as to provide technical support for identifying rapidly the risk of schistosomiasis transmission and implementing control measures targeting the risk.

Methods: According to the distribution of water systems and water regions along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province, the demonstration sites for surveillance and forecast of schistosomiasis were set across the province, where the integration and demonstration of the techniques regarding monitoring of Schistosoma japonicum infection in sentinel mice, human and animal activities, release of forecast information, and emergency treatment of water regions at risk of infection were performed. The pattern of human and animal activities was compared with the S.

[Bibliometric analysis of literature regarding integrated schistosomiasis control strategy with emphasis on infectious source control].

Objective: To evaluate the outcomes of implementation of integrated schistosomiasis control strategy with emphasis on infectious source control using a bibliometric method.

Methods: The literature pertaining to integrated schistosomiasis control strategy with emphasis on infectious source control was retrieved from CNKI, Wanfangdata, VIP, PubMed, Web of Science, BIOSIS and Google Scholar, and a bibliometric analysis of literature captured was performed.

Results: During the period from January 1, 2004 through September 30, 2014, a total of 94 publications regarding integrated schistosomiasis control strategy with emphasis on infectious source control were captured, including 78 Chinese articles (82.

[Surveillance and risk assessment system of schistosomiasis in Jiangsu Province. I. Distribution of surveillance site and effectiveness of the system].

Objective: To establish the surveillance and risk assessment system of schistosomiasis in Jiangsu Province, so as to provide technical support for timely understanding of the risk of schistosomiasis transmission and implementation of targeted control measures.

Methods: The surveillance sites of schistosomiasis were assigned according to the epidemic status and endemic type of schistosomiasis as well as the characteristics of the water system, and the prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum in humans and domestic animals, and snail status were investigated. In addition, the quality control of serum detection of S.

[Discovery and biology of Schistosoma haematobium].

Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease that severely threatens human health and affects the socioeconomic development. The causative agent that parasitizes in humans mainly involves Schistosoma japonicum, S. mansoni, S.

[Comparison of molluscicidal effects of two snail control methods with plastic film covering in hilly regions].

Objective: To evaluate and compare the molluscicidal effects of colorless and black plastic film covering methods against Oncomelania hupensis snails in hilly regions.

Methods: A hilly setting with high snail density was selected as the study area, and three groups including the colorless plastic film covering method, black plastic film covering method and control were designed. The snail surveys were conducted 1, 3, 7, 15 days and 30 days in each group following plastic film covering, and the mortality of snails and reduction of snail density were investigated.

[Field evaluation of a novel plant molluscicide "Luo-wei" against the snail Oncomelania hupensis III molluscicidal effect by spraying method in hilly regions].

Objective: To evaluate the molluscicidal effect of a novel plant molluscicide "Luo-wei" (Tea-seed distilled saponins, TDS) against Oncomelania httpensis in billy regions.

Methods: The molluscicidal effect of TDS at a dose of 5 g/m2 by the spraying method against Oncomelania snails was assessed in a setting with a high snail density in Husban Village, Jiangning District of Nanjing City, and the effect was compared with that of 50% wettable powder of niclosamide ethanolamine salt (WPN) at a dose of 2 gIm2 at different time after spraying.

Results: Afterl, 3, 7 and 15 day (days) of the spraying experiment, the snail death rates of the TDS group were 56.

[Establishment and application of quality control system for detection of schistosomiasis in Jiangsu Province I ability of serological detection among county-level personnel].

Objective: To evaluate the ability for serological screening of schistosomiasis among county-level personnel, so as to provide the evidence for establishing the quality control system of field detection of schistosomiasis.

Methods: The standard serum panel was prepared for the quality assessment of schistosomiasis diagnostic capability, and detected by county-level personnel in the endemic field simultaneously using single-blind method. The rates of coincidence, misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis were calculated compared with the standard results.

[Risk assessment and control measures for import of African schistosomiasis into China].

The habitats of Biomphalaria straminea, the intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni, have been found in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Shenzhen City of People's Republic of China. Currently, there is a sharp increase in the number of Africa-aid projects and workers moving to Africa, and more and more cases infected with S. mansoni or S.

African schistosomiasis in mainland China: risk of transmission and countermeasures to tackle the risk.

Schistosomiasis is a major disease of public health importance in humans occurring in 76 countries of the tropics and sub-tropics. In China, schistosomiasis japonica is one of the highest priorities in communicable disease control defined by the central government. Since 1970s, the habitats of Biomphalaria straminea, an intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni in South America, have been identified in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Shenzhen city, Guangdong province of China.

[Field evaluation of a novel plant molluscicide "Luo-Wei" against Oncomelania hupensis I molluscicidal effect by the spraying method in lake and marshland regions].

Objective: To evaluate the field effect of a novel plant molluscicide "Luo-wei" (Tea-seed distilled saponins, TDS) against Oncomelania hupensis in the lake and marshland regions.

Methods: A spraying experiment was carried out in the grassland of two schistosomiasis endemic counties, including Xingzi in Jiangxi Province and the Huarong in Hunan Province, to assess the molluscicidal effect of 4% TDS comparing with 50% wettable powder of niclosamide ethanolamine salt (WPN). The chi2 test was used to examine the differences between regions, molluscicides, or days after spraying.

[Surveillance of schistosomiasis in Jiangsu Province, China, 2005-2010].

Objective: To understand the endemic situation of national surveillance sites in Jiangsu Province from 2005 to 2010, so as to provide the evidence for the prevention and control of schistosomiasis.

Methods: According to the national surveillance protocol, a longitudinal surveillance on endemic situation of schistosomiasis was carried out in 8 national surveillance sites from 2005 to 2010.

Results: In general, the positive rates of blood tests and infection rates of Schistosoma japonicum decreased from 9.

[Engineering management mode of mollusciciding and assessment of its field application].

Objective: To establish the engineering management mode of mollusciciding, and assess its snail control effect in field application, so as to provide the effective management interventions for improving the quality of mollusciciding in the field.

Methods: Engineering management of mollusciciding was performed. The snail distribution was surveyed before and after snail control with molluscicides and environmental modification, and the database was established.

Optimizing molluscicide treatment strategies in different control stages of schistosomiasis in the People's Republic of China.

Background: The application of chemical molluscicides is still one of the most effective measures for schistosomiasis control in P. R. China.

[Novel strategies and technologies to achieve the transmission control of schistosomiasis in Jiangsu Province].

According to the requirements of the Mid- and Long-term Plan for Prevention and Control of Schistosomiasis in China and based on the actual situation of schistosomiasis control in Jiangsu Province, this paper demonstrates the new technologies achieved by the scientific innovation and the novel control strategies including integrated control in key regions and control of key populations and surveillance and forecast of key water regions since 2004, with the emphasis on the control and elimination of infected Oncomelania snails. Such strategies and technologies implemented the result in continuous decrease in the endemic situation of schistosomiasis in the province, and the whole province achieved the goal of schistosomiasis transmission control in late 2010.

[Effect evaluation of transmission control of schistosomiasis in 14 counties (cities, districts) of Jiangsu Province].

Objective: To assess the control effect of transmission control of schistosomiasis in 14 counties (cities, districts) of Jiangsu Province.

Methods: According to the requirement of the national assessment scheme of schistosomiasis, the effect of schistosomiasis control was evaluated. The schistosomiasis morbidity and changes in Oncomelania snail status in recent 2 years were assessed.

[Burden of disease in Schistosomiasis japonica. IV. Community socioeconomic determinants of chronic schistosomiasis].

Objective: To explore the socioeconomic determinants of chronic schistosomiasis japonica at a community (village) level.

Methods: The socioeconomic and epidemiological data (Years lived with disability, YLDs) came from the thematic research carried out in two schistosome-endemic counties, Dangtu and Hanshou, in lake areas between 2004 and 2005. A concentration index was calculated and used to assess the health inequalities between socioeconomic statuses.