Salidroside inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation and apoptosis in microglia induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Background: The NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is an important mediator of neuroinflammatory responses that regulates inflammatory injury following cerebral ischemia and may be a potential target. Salidroside (Sal) has good anti-inflammatory effects; however, it remains unclear whether Sal can regulate NLRP3 inflammasome activation through the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway after cerebral ischemia to alleviate inflammatory injury.

Methods: We established an oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R) model of BV2 cells and a middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) rat model.

Research Progress on PARP14 as a Drug Target.

Poly-adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase (PARP) implements posttranslational mono- or poly-ADP-ribosylation modification of target proteins. Among the known 18 members in the enormous family of PARP enzymes, several investigations about PARP1, PARP2, and PARP5a/5b have been launched in the past few decades; more specifically, PARP14 is gradually emerging as a promising drug target. An intact PARP14 (also named ARTD8 or BAL2) is constructed by macro1, macro2, macro3, WWE, and the catalytic domain.

Interaction between Galectin-9/TIM-3 pathway and follicular helper CD4 T cells contributes to viral persistence in chronic hepatitis C.

Both Galectin 9 (Gal-9)/T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3) pathway and follicular helper CD4 T (Tfh) cells play important roles in persistent hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Thus, we aimed to investigate the regulatory role of interaction between Gal-9/TIM-3 pathway and Tfh cells in chronic hepatitis C. A total of 44 chronic hepatitis C patients and 19 normal controls (NCs) were enrolled in this study.

miR-29a promotes hepatitis B virus replication and expression by targeting SMARCE1 in hepatoma carcinoma.

Aim: To investigate the functional role and underlying molecular mechanism of miR-29a in hepatitis B virus (HBV) expression and replication.

Methods: The levels of miR-29a and SMARCE1 in HBV-infected HepG2.2.

Notch Signaling Modulates the Balance of Regulatory T Cells and T Helper 17 Cells in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C.

The imbalance of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and T helper 17 (Th17) cells contributes to the persistent hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, modulatory factors associated with Tregs-Th17 balance were not fully elucidated. A recent study demonstrated an immunoregulatory strategy by inactivation of Notch signaling to reverse the disequilibrium of Tregs-Th17 cells in immune thrombocytopenia.

The prevalence and determinants of drug-resistance-associated mutations in the HIV-1-infected MSM population of Henan Province in China.

To estimate the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) drug resistance (DR) in a population of men who have sex with men (MSM) from Henan Province of China and to identify the DR-associated HIV-1 mutations in these MSM. The HIV-positive status of the MSM subjects in this study was confirmed using ELISA and Western blotting. The MSM subjects were classified into non-treatment group (n = 106) and treatment group (n = 313).

[A modulation method to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of internal virtual hyperspectrum of body surface].

Virtual internal hyperspectrum of body surface which can express and properly mix the information of skin's composition and structure was expected to apply in the human disease quick-diagnosis, but the weak detected signal was easily impacted by ambient light and dark current from the instrument, so square wave modulated by chopper disk was proposed to resolve this issue. First, we built the experiment platform, and selected both laser and bromine tungsten lamp as the light source, then compared the virtual hyperspectrum of non-modulated and modulated light on human arm in the environment with artificial interference, and demodulated the modulated signal by FFT method. The experiment result showed that modulation method could effectively eliminate the impact brought by environmental light and dark current and improve the signal to noise ratio (SNR), suggesting a new approach to detect human's weak optical signals.

[Study on detection of changes in tissue structure and composition by using virtual internal hyper-spectrum of body surface].

Purposed to achieve the detection of changes in tissue structure and composition simultaneously by virtual internal hyper-spectrum of body surface (VIHBS), we designed the VIHBS system containing modulated light, translation stage device for data acquisition and spectrometer. In the present study, pork meat as the experimental subject was equally divided into three pieces. One piece was used for a control study, and the others were separately embedded with red filter and injected into highly scattering intralipid to imitate the changes in tissue structure and composition.

[Validation of feasibility of virtual hyperspectral technology].

To verify the virtual hyperspectral technology for acquiring the internal composition and structure information, the virtual hyperspectral system, which took apples as the test materials, was built. First, we detected the virtual hyperspectral system of the normal apples and ill apples. Then, the virtual hyperspectral of apple slices and apple slices with a piece of red optical filter embedded was detected.

[Hyperspectral of the body surface tissues: a new synchronous detection technology of the compositional information and structural information].

The present paper innovatively proposed the technology using hyperspectral to detect the body surface tissues that can achieve the systemic analysis of composition and structure by obtaining the multiple spectrum and image information simultaneously. Besides, by the method of data mining, the relationships between diseases and the data including the spectrum, image or synentropy were established. This technology provided more information for the disease detection clinically which can reflect accurately the physiological, biochemical and pathological status and the variation of the body surface tissues, by which both the cost of the equipment and the operation steps can be reduced.

[Application of hyperspectral imaging technology to objective diagnosis of TCM syndrome].

Hyperspectral imaging technology is expected as a breakthrough to resolve the lack of objective indicators on the diagnosis of TCM syndrome because of its high sensitivity and including abundant information of the images and spectra. In view of fuzzy and complicated mappings between tongue and syndrome, aiming at the defects of the acquisition methods of tongue information and its processing mode which extracts the features by fragmenting the integrative information, a new idea is proposed that the specific spectral indices pool be extracted after acquiring the hyperspectral data cube of tongue by hyperspectral imaging technology and associating it as a whole because of the overlapping mixing of these characteristic information with syndrome in black-box mode by means of intergration of various linear and nonlinear data mining algorithms. The mechanisms of etiological factor and pathogenesis are analyzed from all angles by synthesis of specific spectral indices pool, clinical physiological and biochemical indicators and TCM indicators.

[The quality evaluation of dynamic spectrum data].

To eliminate the influence of all factors on non-invasive measurement precision of blood components by dynamic spectrum method during data acquisition process, a quality evaluation criterion of dynamic spectrum data needs to be established to improve the stability of the model and precision of the prediction. The number of stable wavelength as a quality evaluation index for the dynamic spectrum data was presented in this article after further analysis of 110 samples, which were all obtained by in vivo measurements, and 60 samples were picked up as the satisfactory samples. BP artificial neural network was used to establish the calibration model of subjects' total cholesterol, glucose and hemoglobin values against dynamic spectrum data.

[The research status and development of noninvasive glucose optical measurements].

Diabetes threatens the health of human beings. Because of the disadvantages of invasive glucose detection, Noninvasive glucose measurement which diabetics press for becomes the hotspot in both domestic and overseas academic circles. But up to now none of the available devices offers enough precision to clinical application.

[Research on the blood components detecting by multi-optical path length spectroscopy technique].

To discuss the feasibility of using the serum's multi-optical path length spectroscopy information for measuring the concentration of the human blood components, the automatic micro-displacement measuring device was designed, which can obtain the near-infrared multi-optical path length from 0 to 4.0 mm (interval is 0.2 mm) spectra of 200 serum samples with multioptical path length spectrum of serum participated in building the quantitative analysis model of four components of the human blood: glucose (GLU), total cholesterol (TC), total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB), by mean of the significant non-linear spectral characteristic of blood.

[Redox reactions of Sep15 and its relationship with tumor development].

Background & Objective: Sep15 is a selenium-containing protein identified in 1998. This protein may be involved in cancer etiology and it may have redox function. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between the redox function of Sep15 and tumor development.