Wideband chaos generation based on an integrated mutual coupling laser.

To further enhance the bandwidth of an integrated chaotic semiconductor laser, a structure of an integrated mutual coupling laser is proposed. The laser integrates two distributed feedback lasers and two semiconductor optical amplifiers in the middle of the lasers. The dynamic state of the integrated laser undergoes complex changes with the variation of the bias currents of the distributed feedback (DFB) lasers and semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs).

Cascade-enhanced based-polyoxometalates nanozyme for glutathione detection and tumor cell disruption.

Nanozymes with biological enzyme activity show great promise in biochemical analysis and medicine, yet single-activity nanozymes were limited by low catalytic efficiency and strict catalytic environment requirements. Consequently, the development of nanozymes with multiple enzyme activities presents a significant challenge. In the work, a vanadium-capped polyoxometalates (POMs)-encapsulating metal-organic framework (MOF), [Cu(Trz)Cl][PMoO(VO)], was synthesized via hydrothermal synthesis, which shows multiple enzyme activities concluding oxidase (OXD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activities.

A Relationship Model between Optimized Exoskeleton Assistance and Gait Conditions Improves Multi-gait Human-in-the-Loop Optimization Performance.

Exoskeletons have been shown be able to reduce metabolic cost of human walking. Determining the suitable assistance is challenging due to individual variability in response and the need for tailored assistance across different gait conditions. Human-in-the-loop (HIL) optimization has been proposed to address this issue, but current implementations often suffer from prolonged optimization cycles.

NETs-CD44-IL-17A Feedback Loop Drives Th17-Mediated Inflammation in Behçet's Uveitis.

Behçet's uveitis (BU) is a severe ocular manifestation of Behçet's disease, typically accompanied by abnormal neutrophil infiltration and hyperactivation. However, the underlying causes of excessive neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) production and mechanisms by which NETs contribute to the pathogenesis of BU remain incompletely understood. Neutrophils from BU patients exhibit a higher propensity for NETs release compared to healthy controls.

Effect of Vest Load Carriage on Cardiometabolic Responses with Load Position, Load Mass, and Walking Conditions for Young Adults.

Carrying external loads, such as vest-borne systems, is common in occupations like firefighting and military service, yet the physiological impacts of load placement, mass, and walking conditions remain not fully understood. This study examined the effects of vest load carriage on metabolic rate and heart rate. Participants underwent three trials with varying load placements, masses (0-30 kg), and walking conditions (different speeds and inclines).

Intelligent handheld ultrasound improving the ability of non-expert general practitioners in carotid examinations for community populations: a prospective and parallel controlled trial.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of an intelligent handheld ultrasound (US) device for assisting non-expert general practitioners (GPs) in detecting carotid plaques (CPs) in community populations.

Methods: This prospective parallel controlled trial recruited 111 consecutive community residents. All of them underwent examinations by non-expert GPs and specialist doctors using handheld US devices (setting A, setting B, and setting C).

The value of clinical indicators combined with imaging tumor burden score in predicting microvascular invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective: To explore the value of a new clinical prediction model combined serological indicators and tumor burden score (TBS) in predicting microvascular invasion (MVI) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.

Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed a total of 605 patients who underwent liver tumor resection at our hospital from January 2021 to December 2023. The required clinical data before surgery were collected from the electronic medical record system.

Identification and expression analysis of P-type ATPase IIIA subfamily in Puccinia Striiformis f. sp. tritici.

Background: Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) causes wheat stripe (yellow) rust disease, which is one of the most destructive diseases affecting wheat worldwide.

Selective activation of FZD2 and FZD7 reveals non-redundant function during mesoderm differentiation.

During gastrulation, Wnt-β-catenin signaling dictates lineage bifurcation generating different mesoderm cell types. However, the specific role of Wnt receptors in mesoderm specification remains elusive. Using selective Frizzled (FZD) and LRP5/6 antibody-based agonists, we examined FZD receptors' function during directed mesoderm differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs).

Liver stiffness: a novel imaging biomarker by ultrasound elastography for prediction of early allograft failure following liver transplantation.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of Liver Stiffness Measurement (LSM) and serum transaminase levels for predicting early allograft failure (EAF) after liver transplantation (LT).

Methods: A total of 189 patients who underwent LT were prospectively recruited in the study. Of these patients, 13 cases died or received re-transplantation within 90 days after surgery were classified as EAF group, while rest 176 patients were included in the non-EAF group.

ABCF1-K430-Lactylation promotes HCC malignant progression via transcriptional activation of HIF1 signaling pathway.

Lysine lactylation plays critical roles in various diseases, including cancer. Our previous study showed that lactylation of non-histone ABCF1 may be involved in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. In this study, we evaluated the prognostic value of ABCF1-K430la in HCC using immunohistochemical staining and performed amino acid point mutations, multi-omics crossover, and biochemical experiments to investigate its biological role and underlying mechanism.

Different doses of dexmedetomidine combined with propofol for older adults undergoing cardiac surgery: the impact on postoperative delirium.

Objective: This study retrospectively investigated the effects of different doses of dexmedetomidine combined with propofol on postoperative delirium in older adults undergoing cardiac surgery.

Methods: The medical records of 82 older adults undergoing cardiac surgery admitted to two hospitals between August 2019 and August 2022 were analyzed. The participants were divided into two groups based on the dexmedetomidine dose: group A (0.

Imaging-guided bioresorbable acoustic hydrogel microrobots.

Micro- and nanorobots excel in navigating the intricate and often inaccessible areas of the human body, offering immense potential for applications such as disease diagnosis, precision drug delivery, detoxification, and minimally invasive surgery. Despite their promise, practical deployment faces hurdles, including achieving stable propulsion in complex in vivo biological environments, real-time imaging and localization through deep tissue, and precise remote control for targeted therapy and ensuring high therapeutic efficacy. To overcome these obstacles, we introduce a hydrogel-based, imaging-guided, bioresorbable acoustic microrobot (BAM) designed to navigate the human body with high stability.

Functional profiling of murine glioma models highlights targetable immune evasion phenotypes.

Cancer-intrinsic immune evasion mechanisms and pleiotropy are a barrier to cancer immunotherapy. This is apparent in certain highly fatal cancers, including high-grade gliomas and glioblastomas (GBM). In this study, we evaluated two murine syngeneic glioma models (GL261 and CT2A) as preclinical models for human GBM using functional genetic screens, single-cell transcriptomics and machine learning approaches.

Distinct characteristics of MetALD (metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease with greater alcohol consumption) in the general population.

Aim: The term MetALD has been introduced to describe individuals who have metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) with greater alcohol consumption, according to the new nomenclature for steatotic liver disease (SLD). This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of MetALD in the general population.

Methods: This study is a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis that utilizes the population-based data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) undertaken between 2019 and 2021.

High-risk screening for late-onset Pompe disease in China: An expanded multicenter study.

Late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD) is caused by a genetic deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA), leading to progressive limb-girdle weakness and respiratory impairment. The insidious onset of non-specific early symptoms often prohibits timely diagnosis. This study aimed to validate the high-risk screening criteria for LOPD in the Chinese population.

A smart mask for exhaled breath condensate harvesting and analysis.

Recent respiratory outbreaks have garnered substantial attention, yet most respiratory monitoring remains confined to physical signals. Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) harbors rich molecular information that could unveil diverse insights into an individual's health. Unfortunately, challenges related to sample collection and the lack of on-site analytical tools impede the widespread adoption of EBC analysis.

Ischemia-reperfusion responses in human lung transplants at the single-cell resolution.

Ischemia-reperfusion is an unavoidable step of organ transplantation. Development of therapeutics for lung injury during transplantation has proved challenging; understanding lung injury from human data at the single-cell resolution is required to accelerate the development of therapeutics. Donor lung biopsies from 6 human lung transplant cases were collected at the end of cold preservation and 2-hour reperfusion and underwent single-cell RNA sequencing.

Anatomical Feasibility of Percutaneous Arteriovenous Fistula Formation in Korea.

Introduction: Currently, there are two types of percutaneous arteriovenous fistula (pAVF) formation systems approved by the FDA: Ellipsys and WavelinQ. Although these systems are already in use in Europe or the United States, they have not been approved for use in Korea yet. For this reason, this study aimed to check anatomical feasibility of these systems for Korean population prior to their actual use.