The Effect of Modular Degeneracy on Neuroimaging Data.

The concept of community structure, based on modularity, is widely used to address many systems-level queries. However, its algorithm, based on the maximization of the modularity index Q, suffers from degeneracy problem, which yields a set of different possible solutions. In this work, we explored the degeneracy effect of modularity principle on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) data, when it is used to parcellate the cingulate cortex using data from the Human Connectome Project.

Signal Processing for Novel Noise Radar Based on de-chirp and Delay Matching.

Modern radar technology requires high-quality signals and detection performance. However, traditional frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar often has poor anti-jamming capabilities, and the high sampling rates associated with large time-bandwidth product signals can lead to increased system hardware costs and reduced data processing efficiency. This paper constructed a composite radar waveform based on noise frequency modulation (NFM) and linear frequency modulation (LFM) signals, enhancing the signal's complexity and anti-jamming capability.

Diminishing spectral bias in physics-informed neural networks using spatially-adaptive Fourier feature encoding.

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have recently emerged as a promising framework for solving partial differential equation (PDE) systems in computer mechanics. However, PINNs still struggle in simulating systems whose solution functions exhibit high-frequency patterns, especially in cases with wide frequency spectrums. Current methods apply Fourier feature mappings to the input to improve the learning ability of model on high-frequency components.

Tea Polyphenols Reduced Obesity by Modulating Gut Microbiota-SCFAs-Barrier and Inflammation in High-Fat Diet-Induced Mice.

Scope: Obesity by high-fat diets (HFDs) is a chronic metabolic disorder that poses a significant threat to human health. Tea polyphenols (TPs) can prevent obesity caused by HFD by modulating gut microbiota.

Methods And Results: To explore the function of TP in mitigating the effects of obesity and inflammation, mice are fed HFDs either with or without TP.

Peripheral CD4 T cell phenotype and brain microglial activation associated with cognitive heterogeneity in aged rats.

Cognitive decline is a critical hallmark of brain aging. Although aging is a natural process, there is significant heterogeneity in cognition levels among individuals; however, the underlying mechanisms remain uncertain. In our study, we classified aged male Sprague‒Dawley rats into aged cognition-unimpaired (AU) group and aged cognition-impaired (AI) group by using an attentional set-shifting task.

The causal relationship between immune cells and diabetic retinopathy: a Mendelian randomization study.

Purpose: This article explored the causal relationship between immune cells and diabetic retinopathy (DR) using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as an instrumental variable and Mendelian randomization (MR).

Methods: Statistical data were collected from a publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS), and SNPs that were significantly associated with immune cells were used as instrumental variables (IVs). Inverse variance weighted (IVW) and MR-Egger regression were used for MR analysis.

Identification of required capabilities of digital health ecosystems when preventing and managing non-communicable diseases.

Objective: Non-communicable diseases cause annual mortality for 41 million people worldwide. These diseases include coronary heart disease, cancer, stroke, diabetes, and musculoskeletal as well as mental disorders. Innovation ecosystems in healthcare are multifactor networks in which different stakeholders interact together to create socio-economic (patient and cost) value via research, co-creation, and traditional market activities.

Machine Learning for Predicting Ultralow Thermal Conductivity and High in Complex Thermoelectric Materials.

Efficient and precise calculations of thermal transport properties and figures of merit, alongside a deep comprehension of thermal transport mechanisms, are essential for the practical utilization of advanced thermoelectric materials. In this study, we explore the microscopic processes governing thermal transport in the distinguished crystalline material TlSbTe by integrating a unified thermal transport theory with machine learning-assisted self-consistent phonon calculations. Leveraging machine learning potentials, we expedite the analysis of phonon energy shifts, higher-order scattering mechanisms, and thermal conductivity arising from various contributing factors, such as population and coherence channels.

Single nucleotide and copy number variants of cancer driver genes inform drug response in multiple cancers.

Due to the heterogeneity of cancer, precision medicine has been a major challenge for cancer treatment. Determining medication regimens based on patient genotypes has become a research hotspot in cancer genomics. In this study, we aim to identify key biomarkers for targeted therapies based on single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and copy number variants (CNVs) of genes.

Kissing-catheter technique in percutaneous transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus: a snare-free approach.

Objectives: For percutaneous closure of the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) with a mushroom-shaped occluder, the establishment of a guidewire rail with the antegrade venous approach may be difficult in some cases. The retrograde technique can be used instead; however, the use of a snare system may bring extra costs and risks. The aim of the study was to report on a new method that fulfills the retrograde technique without the use of a snare system in transcatheter closure of PDA.

Pathophysiological role of ion channels and transporters in hepatocellular carcinoma.

The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has continued to increase annually worldwide, and HCC has become a common cause of cancer-related death. Despite great progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying HCC development, the treatment of HCC remains a considerable challenge. Thus, the survival and prognosis of HCC patients remain extremely poor.

Real-world effectiveness and safety of macitentan in patients with pulmonary artery hypertension: a multicenter, retrospective, observational study in China.

Background: Macitentan, either as monotherapy or part of combination therapy, improved clinical outcomes in patients with pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) in clinical trials. Evidence on the effectiveness and safety of macitentan administered in real-world clinical practice in China is limited.

Methods: This real-world, retrospective, multicenter chart review study was conducted at seven hospitals in China.

Global Bibliometric and Visualized Analysis of Research on Lactoferrin from 1978 to 2024.

Scope: Lactoferrin (LF) is an iron-bound protein with a molecular weight of about 80 kDa. LF has many biological functions such as antibacterial, antiviral, immunomodulatory, and anticancer. The purpose of this study is to explore the research trend of LF through bibliometric analysis.

Effect of Acupuncture for Methadone Reduction : A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) is effective for managing opioid use disorder, but adverse effects mean that optimal therapy occurs with the lowest dose that controls opioid craving.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of acupuncture versus sham acupuncture on methadone dose reduction.

Design: Multicenter, 2-group, randomized, sham-controlled trial.

Connectome-based Brain Marker Moderates the Relationship between Childhood Adversity and Transdiagnostic Psychopathology during Early Adolescence.

Importance: Identifying brain-based markers of resiliency that reliably predict who is and is not at elevated risk for developing psychopathology among children who experience adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) is important for improving our mechanistic understanding of these etiological links between child adversity and psychopathology and guiding precision medicine and prevention efforts for reducing psychiatric impact of ACEs.

Objective: To examine associations between ACEs and transdiagnostic psychopathology during the transition from preadolescence to early adolescence and test whether these associations are moderated by a hypothesized resilience factor, a previously identified connectome variate (CV) that is associated with higher cognitive function and lower psychopathology.

Design Setting And Participants: This study was conducted in a longitudinal design based on multicenter data from a community cohort of U.

A structural variation in the promoter of the leucoanthocyanidin reductase gene AaLAR1 enhances freezing tolerance by modulating proanthocyanidin accumulation in kiwifruit (Actinidia arguta).

Proanthocyanidins (PAs) are important metabolites that enhance freezing tolerance of plants. Actinidia arguta, especially freezing-tolerant germplasms, accumulate abundant PAs in dormant shoots and thereby enhance freezing tolerance, but the underlying mechanism is unknown. In this study, we used two A.

Li-Hong Tang alleviates dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis by regulating NRF2/HO-1 signaling pathway and gut microbiota.

Introduction: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is marked by recurring inflammation. Existing treatments are ineffective and may have toxic side effects. Thus, new therapeutic agents are urgently needed.

A Sparse Recovery Algorithm for Suppressing Multiple Linear Frequency Modulation Interference in the Synthetic Aperture Radar Image Domain.

In synthetic aperture radar (SAR) signal processing, compared with the raw data of level-0, level-1 SAR images are more readily accessible and available in larger quantities. However, an amount of level-1 images are affected by radio frequency interference (RFI), which typically originates from Linear Frequency Modulation (LFM) signals emitted by ground-based radars. Existing research on interference suppression in level-1 data has primarily focused on two methods: transforming SAR images into simulated echo data for interference suppression, or focusing interference in the frequency domain and applying notching filters to reduce interference energy.

B-type natriuretic peptide levels predict long-term mortality in a large cohort of adults with congenital heart disease.

Background And Aims: Many adult patients with congenital heart disease (ACHD) are still afflicted by premature death. Previous reports suggested natriuretic peptides may identify ACHD patients with adverse outcome. The study investigated prognostic power of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) across the spectrum of ACHD in a large contemporary cohort.

A Robust Interacting Multi-Model Multi-Bernoulli Mixture Filter for Maneuvering Multitarget Tracking under Glint Noise.

In practical radar systems, changes in the target aspect toward the radar will result in glint noise disturbances in the measurement data. The glint noise has heavy-tailed characteristics and cannot be perfectly modeled by the Gaussian distribution widely used in conventional tracking algorithms. In this article, we investigate the challenging problem of tracking a time-varying number of maneuvering targets in the context of glint noise with unknown statistics.

Mechanical Stretch-Induced ATP Release from Osteocytes Promotes Osteogenesis of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Background: Mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) is a highly effective method for bone regeneration, commonly employed in treating craniofacial defects and deformities. Osteocytes sense mechanical forces in the pericellular space, relay external stimuli to biochemical changes, and send signals to other effector cells, including bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), to regulate bone resorption and formation. Piezo1 potentially affects the secretion signal molecules of bone cells under mechanical stretch.

Chinese clients' experiences throughout family therapy for school-refusing adolescents: A multiperspectival interpretative phenomenological analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to explore Chinese clients' experiences with family dynamic change throughout family therapy for school refusal and the interventions adolescents and their parents identified as useful during family therapy.

Methods: A multiperspective interpretative phenomenology analysis (IPA) was adopted. Thirty-two participants from 11 Chinese families with school-refusing adolescents were recruited after completing family therapy at the hospitals.