Cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) is a central biofilm regulator in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, where increased intracellular levels promote biofilm formation and antibiotic tolerance. Targeting the c-di-GMP network may be a promising anti-biofilm approach, but most strategies studied so far aimed at eliminating surface-attached biofilms, while in vivo P. aeruginosa biofilms often occur as suspended aggregates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is driven by a complex network of resistance mechanisms against standard-of-care therapies, resulting in poor long-term outcomes. This review offers a uniquely comprehensive and integrative perspective on these resistance pathways, systematically examining both androgen receptor (AR)-dependent factors (including AR overexpression, point mutations, glucocorticoid receptor signaling, splice variants, post-translational modifications, altered coregulators, and intratumoral hormone biosynthesis) and AR-independent pathways (such as neuroendocrine differentiation, lineage plasticity, and alternative growth factor signaling). We also highlight resistance mechanisms influencing immunotherapy, chemotherapy, radiopharmaceutical therapy and targeted therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To compare the efficacy of percutaneous pedicle screw combined with unilateral nail placement combined with bone cement strengthening and bilateral nail placement in the treatment of osteoporotic thoracic and lumbar fractures.
Methods: A retrospective case-control study was used to analyze the clinical data of 78 patients with osteoporotic thoracic and lumbar fractures admitted from October 2017 to May 2019. According to the surgical method, it was divided into percutaneous pedicle screw combined with unilateral nail placement combined with unilateral bone cement strengthening group(bone cement group) and percutaneous pedicle screw combined with bilateral nail placement(screw group).
Canopy FGF signaling regulator 2 (CNPY2) has emerged as a crucial player in cancer development by promoting cell proliferation, tissue repair, and angiogenesis. This review synthesizes the current understanding of CNPY2's role in solid tumors, particularly renal cell carcinoma, prostate cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and non-small-cell lung cancer. CNPY2 modulates key pathways such as p53, MYLIP, NF-κB, and AKT/GSK3β, thereby driving tumor growth and progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBoth osteoporosis and metal exposure are well-recognized public health concerns globally, particularly in the aging population. However, studies investigating the relationship between metal exposure and bone health conditions such as osteopenia and osteoporosis have either produced inconsistent results or are scarce, especially among the ethnic minorities in China. Herein, we correlated single-metal and metal mixture exposure with osteopenia and osteoporosis using a log-binomial regression model and quantile g-computation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe lack of scalable production methods limits the commercial production viability of walnut peptides. To overcome this obstacle, enzyme membrane reactors (EMRs) were used to continuously produce bioactive peptides (called CEMR) directly from walnut cake. The optimum operating conditions were pH 10.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrococcus luteus (V017) is a Gram-positive bacterium that was isolated from a sterilization area exposed to Co radiation. In this study, we performed an adaptive laboratory evolution experiment with M. luteus, exposing it to 24 continuous cycles of gamma irradiation at four different doses (1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this research, we have crafted a high-throughput, cost-effective colorimetric immunoassay for aflatoxin B detection, utilizing custom-made polystyrene arrays and click chemistry-induced enzyme-free catalysis. We synthesized signal probes incorporating polydopamine, metal-organic framework (UiO-66-NH), and aflatoxin B antigen. This probe, in conjunction with the immunoreaction occurring on the polystyrene array, modulates the Cu concentration in solution, initiating click chemical reactions among short DNA sequences to form a G-quadruplex DNAzyme that catalyzes a chromogenic substrate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: There is lack of the clinical evidence of optimized perioperative analgesic protocol for uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (uVATS).
Methods: We performed a RCT enrolling participants scheduled for uVATS (Trial registration: NCT06016777; registration date: Aug 28, 2023). Participants were randomized for thoracic paravertebral block combined with patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PVB + PCIA), erector spinae block combined with PCIA (ESPB + PCIA), or PCIA group.
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a crucial role in the tumor microenvironment, yet the roles and mechanisms of TAMs in inflammation-associated oncogenesis remain enigmatic. We report that protein canopy homolog 2 (CNPY2) functions as a novel TLR4 regulator, promoting cytokine production in macrophages. CNPY2 binds directly to TLR4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Microbiol Immunol Hung
February 2025
The study was conducted in the microbiology laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China, from January 2019 to December 2023. A total of 316 consecutive non-duplicate isolates were collected and identified, that belonged to the Bacteroides fragilis group. Identification of the isolated strains was performed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFew studies have examined the associations between long-term exposure to ultrafine particles (UFP) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). This study aimed to investigate the impact of long-term UFP exposure on diabetes prevalence and stages, as well as glycemic markers, using data from a large multi-center cohort collected from 2017 to 2021. The health outcomes assessed included diabetes prevalence and stages (normoglycemia, prediabetes, and diabetes), as well as glycemic markers, i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe shape of the skull plays a crucial role in the evolution and adaptation of species to their environments. In the case of aquaculture fish, the size of the head is also an important economic trait, as it is linked to fillet yield and ornamental value. This study applies our GRAMMAR-Lambda method to perform a genome-wide association study analysis on loci related to head size in catfish.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
SOX9 is a crucial transcriptional regulator of cartilage development and homeostasis. Dysregulation of is associated with a wide spectrum of skeletal disorders, including campomelic dysplasia, acampomelic campomelic dysplasia, and scoliosis. Yet how variants contribute to the spectrum of axial skeletal disorders is not well understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExisting computer vision-based surface defect detection techniques for metal materials typically encounter issues with defect overlap, significant differences within classes, and similarity between defect samples. These issues compromise feature extraction accuracy and result in missed and false detections. This study proposed a feature optimization-guided high-precision and real-time metal surface defect detection network (FOHR Net) to improve defect feature expressiveness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Available therapies for peripheral nerve injury (PNI) include surgical and non-surgical treatments. Surgical treatment includes neurorrhaphy, grafting (allografts and autografts) and tissue-engineered grafting (artificial nerve guide conduits), while non-surgical treatment methods include electrical stimulation, magnetic stimulation, laser phototherapy and administration of nerve growth factors. However, the treatments currently available to best manage the different PNI manifestations remain undetermined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Wild birds are significant vectors in global pathogen transmission, but the diversity and spatial distribution of the pathogens detected in them remain unclear. Understanding the transmission dynamics and hotspots of wild-bird-associated pathogens (WBAPs) is crucial for early disease prevention.
Methods: We compiled an up-to-date dataset encompassing all WBAPs by conducting an extensive search of publications from 1959 to 2022, mapped their diversity and global distribution, and utilized three machine learning algorithms to predict geospatial hotspots where zoonotic and emerging WBAPs were prevalent.
Background: While gender differences in ball skills are widely recognized, the differences in locomotor skills remain unclear. This study aims to explore these gender differences among preschool children in Jinhua City, China, and to examine the influence of evolutionary factors and local cultural activities on these skills.
Methods: A cluster random sampling method was employed to select 777 preschool children aged 5.
Objective: To assess the efficacy of XEN gel stent implantation combined with mitomycin C (MMC) injection in controlling intraocular pressure (IOP) and the dosage of postoperative medication for open-angle glaucoma (OAG) patients.
Methods: The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Science Direct databases were searched from inception to August 2022 without any language restriction. All studies that compared IOP and the dose of medication before and after XEN gel stent implantation and MMC injection for OAG patients were included.
Background: Metabolic abnormalities in the body increase the risk of gallbladder stones and their complications, which brings a great economic and social burden. The relationship between different types and amounts of metabolic abnormalities and gallstone risk in different sexes is poorly documented and controversial.
Methods: Based on the baseline survey data of the Chinese Multi-Ethnic Cohort (CMEC) study, 4,075 Chinese adults aged 30-79 years with complete abdominal ultrasound results and metabolic index data.
Objective: This cross-sectional study examined the influence of sedentary behavior (SB) time substitution with physical activity (PA) on depressive symptoms among adults with overweight/obesity. SB time was replaced with equal amount of walking/bicycling or leisure-time moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA).
Methods: Data of the 18344 adults, who were overweight and obesity was obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2006-2018.