A proposed role for CDO1 in CNS development: Three children with rare missense variants and a neurological phenotype.

Cysteine dioxygenase type 1 (CDO1) encodes a non-heme iron dioxygenase, which is involved in cysteine metabolism. While CDO1 has been proposed to be involved in multiple physiological processes, an association with congenital disease has yet to be well defined. This study presents detailed clinical and molecular information on three individuals with overlapping neurological features.

CircMFN2/miR-361-3p/ELK1 feedback loop promotes glutaminolysis and the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Current evidence indicates that circRNAs are involved in the development of multiple malignancies including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the specific functions of circRNAs in HCC metabolism and progression and their underlying regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. We have identified a novel circRNA circMFN2, by bioinformatics analysis of circRNA microarray data from the GEO database.

Helping authors produce FAIR taxonomic data: evaluation of an author-driven phenotype data production prototype.

It is well-known that the use of vocabulary in phenotype treatments is often inconsistent. An earlier survey of biologists who create or use phenotypic characters revealed that this lack of standardization leads to ambiguities, frustrating both the consumers and producers of phenotypic data. Such ambiguities are challenging for biologists, and more so for Artificial Intelligence, to resolve.

Human Hair Follicle Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Attenuate UVB-Induced Photoaging via the miR-125b-5p/TGF-β1/Smad Axis.

Cutaneous photoaging, induced by chronic exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, typically manifests as alterations in both the physical appearance and functional properties of the skin and may predispose individuals to cancer development. Recent studies have demonstrated the reparative potential of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells in addressing skin damage, while specific reports highlight their efficacy in ameliorating skin photoaging. However, the precise role of exosomes derived from human hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells (HFMSC-Exos) in the context of cutaneous photoaging remains largely unexplored.

Colloid-Forming Prodrug-Hydrogel Composite Prolongs Lower Intraocular Pressure in Rodent Eyes after Subconjunctival Injection.

Colloidal drug aggregates (CDAs) are challenging in drug discovery due to their unpredictable formation and interference with screening assays. These limitations are turned into a strategic advantage by leveraging CDAs as a drug delivery platform. This study explores the deliberate formation and stabilization of CDAs for local ocular drug delivery, using a modified smallmolecule glaucoma drug.

Models for predicting vaginal birth after cesarean section: scoping review.

Background: Women who are pregnant again after a prior cesarean section are faced with the choice between a vaginal trial and another cesarean section. Vaginal delivery is safer for mothers and babies, but face the risk of trial labor failure. Predictive models can evaluate the success rate of vaginal trial labor after cesarean section, which will help obstetricians and pregnant women choose the appropriate delivery method.

Extracellular Vesicle-Like Nanovesicle for Skin Photoaging Therapy.

Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation leads to the degradation of the extracellular matrix and collagen, thereby accelerating skin aging and imposing substantial psychological burden on patients. Current anti-aging strategies are limited and often associated with high costs or strong side effects. Plant-derived extracellular vesicle-like nanovesicles, with advantages such as natural availability and cost-effectiveness, show potential in anti-aging interventions.

Hypoxia-Activated Biodegradable Porphyrin-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks for Photodynamic and Photothermal Therapy of Wound Infection.

Wound infections have gradually become a major threat to human health. Recently, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have shown great potential in antibacterial and wound healing; however, difficult biodegradability and long-time retention limit their further application. Herein, biodegradable COFs containing porphyrin backbones and hypoxia-sensitive azobenzene group, namely, HRCOFs, are fabricated for photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) of wound infection.

Impact of vaginal seeding on the gut microbiome of infants born via cesarean section: A systematic review.

Objective: This systematic review summarizes eight studies involving 558 cesarean section (CS)-born infants (274 exposed to vaginal seeding (VS), 284 not exposed) and 261 infants born vaginally to investigate the effect of VS on gut microbiome colonization and development in CS-born infants.

Methods: This study adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Relevant articles published before March 6, 2024, were identified through systematic searches of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science.

FOXP2 overexpression upregulates LAMA4 expression and thereby alleviates preeclampsia by regulating trophoblast behavior.

Preeclampsia (PE) is a common pregnancy disorder characterized by hypertension and proteinuria. Trophoblast behavior severely affect PE progression. Transcription factor Forkhead box protein P2 (FOXP2) was involved in cell migration and invasion, but its role in PE progression remains unknown.

RLIM-specific activity reporters define variant pathogenicity in Tonne-Kalscheuer syndrome.

Tonne-Kalscheuer syndrome (TOKAS; MIM: 300978) is an X-linked recessive disorder with devastating consequences for patients, such as intellectual disability, developmental delay, and multiple congenital abnormalities. TOKAS is associated with hemizygous variants in the RLIM gene, which encodes a RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase. The current sustained increase in reported RLIM variants of uncertain significance creates an urgent need to develop assays that can screen these variants and experimentally determine their pathogenicity and disease association.

Adsorption of rare bases on transition metal doped γ-graphyne nanosheets: a DFT study.

Detection of rare bases (RBs) is key to understanding biological complexity, rapidly diagnosing genetic diseases and advancing personalized medicine. Electrochemical sensors are one of the most promising methods for RB detection, but their low responsiveness limits their effectiveness. Therefore, enhancing selectivity and sensitivity is necessary.

Redesigned chondroitinase ABC degrades inhibitory chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans in vitro and in vivo in the stroke-injured rat brain.

Injuries to the central nervous system, such as stroke and traumatic spinal cord injury, result in an aggregate scar that both limits tissue degeneration and inhibits tissue regeneration. The aggregate scar includes chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs), which impede cell migration and axonal outgrowth. Chondroitinase ABC (ChASE) is a potent yet fragile enzyme that degrades CSPGs, and thus may enable tissue regeneration.

Impact of Large Language Models on Medical Education and Teaching Adaptations.

This viewpoint article explores the transformative role of large language models (LLMs) in the field of medical education, highlighting their potential to enhance teaching quality, promote personalized learning paths, strengthen clinical skills training, optimize teaching assessment processes, boost the efficiency of medical research, and support continuing medical education. However, the use of LLMs entails certain challenges, such as questions regarding the accuracy of information, the risk of overreliance on technology, a lack of emotional recognition capabilities, and concerns related to ethics, privacy, and data security. This article emphasizes that to maximize the potential of LLMs and overcome these challenges, educators must exhibit leadership in medical education, adjust their teaching strategies flexibly, cultivate students' critical thinking, and emphasize the importance of practical experience, thus ensuring that students can use LLMs correctly and effectively.

Transcriptomic Hallmarks of Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury: Insights from an Model.

Background: Hypoxic-ischemic injury of neurons is a pathological process observed in several neurological conditions, including ischemic stroke and neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HIBI). An optimal treatment strategy for these conditions remains elusive. The present study delved deeper into the molecular alterations occurring during the injury process in order to identify potential therapeutic targets.

The vaginal microbial signatures of preterm birth woman.

To explore the differences of vaginal microbes in women with preterm birth (PTB), and to construct prediction model. We searched for articles related to vaginal microbiology in preterm women and obtained four 16S rRNA-sequence datasets. We analyzed that for species diversity and differences, and constructed a random forest model with 20 differential genera.

Fabrication of a β-CD-functionalized magnetic microporous organic network for effective enrichment and detection of fluoroquinolone antibiotics in water samples.

Fluoroquinolone (FQ) antibiotics, one of the leading environmental pollutants, have ecotoxic effects that can accumulate through ecosystems and harm human health. The determination of FQs is still difficult due to the complex matrix, many interfering factors, and low concentration. Hence, a magnetic microporous organic network (MON) composite denoted as FeO@MON-NH@CM-β-CD with excellent FQ adsorption performance was prepared by β-CD covalent modification of a MON.

Anti-influenza activity of CPAVM1 protease secreted by Bacillus subtilis LjM2.

Bacillus spp. has been considered a promising source for identifying new antimicrobial substances, including anti-viral candidates. Here, we successfully isolated a number of bacteria strains from aged dry citrus peel (Chenpi).

Specific Knockdown of the NDUFS4 Gene Reveals Important Roles of Ferroptosis in UVB-induced Photoaging.

Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation significantly contributes to photoaging. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death mode recently identified, plays a key role in UVB-induced skin photoaging. This study examines the functions and regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis in this regard.

NtHD9 modulates plant salt tolerance by regulating the formation of glandular trichome heads in Nicotiana tabacum.

Salt stress is one of the main abiotic factor affecting plant growth. We have previously identified a key gene (NtHD9) in Nicotiana tabacum L. that positively regulates the formation of long glandular trichomes (LGTs).