The long-term effect of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor on cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescent patients with cystic fibrosis: a pilot observational study.

Background: Physical activity is a crucial demand on cystic fibrosis treatment management. The highest value of oxygen uptake (VO) is an appropriate tool to evaluate the physical activity in these patients. However, there are several other valuable CPET parameters describing exercise tolerance (W, VO, VO VO/HR, etc.

Improved Nutritional Outcomes and Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Adult Cystic Fibrosis Patients Treated with Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor.

Introduction: Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator modulator therapy improves nutritional status and quality of life. Clinical trials have shown pancreatic insufficiency conversion, mostly in pediatric patients treated with ivacaftor. Studies with elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) in older patients have not suggested restoration of exocrine pancreas function, but quality data in adults are lacking.

Increasing incidence rate of breast cancer in cystic fibrosis - relationship between pathogenesis, oncogenesis and prediction of the treatment effect in the context of worse clinical outcome and prognosis of cystic fibrosis due to estrogens.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common genetic disease in the Caucasion population. Thanks to the CFTR modulators therapy, life expectancy will significantly improve. New therapeutic challenges can be expected, including diseases associated with ageing and higher incidence of cancer, as evidenced by recent epidemiological studies.

COVID-19-Associated Paediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome (PIMS-TS) in Intensive Care: A Retrospective Cohort Trial (PIMS-TS INT).

Paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with COVID-19 (PIMS-TS) is a new disease in children and adolescents that occurs after often asymptomatic or mild COVID-19. It can be manifested by different clinical symptomatology and varying severity of disease based on multisystemic inflammation. The aim of this retrospective cohort trial was to describe the initial clinical presentation, diagnostics, therapy and clinical outcome of paediatric patients with a diagnosis of PIMS-TS admitted to one of the 3 PICUs.

Acute kidney injury requiring renal replacement therapy due to Clostridioides difficile infection in a 15-year-old boy.

Acute gastroenteritis is commonly seen in pediatric clinical practice. It is a largely self-limited disease with a benign course. We present a case of teenager with gastroenteritis resulting in severe acute kidney injury.

Causes of Intensive Care Unit Admissions in Children with SARS-CoV-2: A Single-Centre Observational Study.

Background: The proportion of intensive care unit (ICU) admissions in children that have and have not been directly caused by SARS-CoV-2 remains unclear. The aim of the study is to analyse a cohort of children admitted to the ICU with SARS-CoV-2 and determine whether the infection was the primary cause of their hospitalisation, a significant contributor, a suspected accomplice, or an incidental finding. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study of all the children admitted to the ICU with SARS-CoV-2 from March 2020 to February 2022 from the South Moravia region.

Cerebrovascular Complications of COVID-19 Disease in Children: A Single-Center Case Series.

This work presents a case series of four children diagnosed with severe cerebrovascular disease in association with recent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, yet no patient from the group met typical diagnostic criteria for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Our aim was to highlight the possible vascular involvement and coagulopathies associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the pediatric population. Further data are needed to better understand the pathophysiological basis of this condition in children and to ensure its optimal management.

COVID-19 associated Paediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome (PIMS) in children.

The clinical course of the SARS-CoV-2 virus infection (COVID-19 disease) in paediatric patients is predominantly mild. However, in a small percentage of paediatric patients, the COVID-19 could lead to the development of with the Paediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome (PIMS) presenting as high fever, gastrointestinal symptoms, neurological symptomatology and even as multiorgan dysfunction. These three cases represent the first published report of critically ill paediatric patients with PIMS in the Czech Republic.

Unvaccinated child tetanus from nasal toy battery.

We present the case report of an unvaccinated Czech child with tetanus. The child had not received any vaccines due to its parent's refusal. The disease originated from the wound in the nose caused by a small flat battery.

Tick-Borne Encephalitis in an 8.5-Month-Old Boy Suspected of Febrile Seizures.

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a serious viral neuroinfection affecting humans in large areas of Europe and Asia. TBE can occur at any age, but only a few reports of TBE in infants younger than 1 year have been published. Here, we report a case of severe TBE in an 8.

Skin wipe test: A simple, inexpensive, and fast approach in the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis.

Objective: To assess the performance of a newly developed skin wipe test (SWT) for the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (CF).

Study Design: Spontaneously formed sweat from the forearm was wiped by a cotton swab moistened with 100 µL of deionized (DI) water and extracted into 400 µL of DI water (SWT). The conventional Macroduct sweat test (ST) was performed simultaneously.

Clostridium difficile infection and colonisation in children under 3 years of age: prospective comparative study.

Aims: Despite an increasing trend in Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) and high C. difficile colonization rate especially among younger children, infants remain quite resistant to the disease. The goals of this study were to distinguish whether there exists a difference in CDI between children with or without diarrhoea, ascertain the prevalence of CDI, and assess CDI severity in children under 3 years with diarrhoea in our institution.

Clinical and microbiological characteristics of Clostridium difficile infection in children hospitalized at the Departement of Paediatric Infectious Diseases in Brno between 2013 and 2017.

Aims: Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) plays a minor but important role in paediatrics. The aims of this study were to objectivise data, to show their significance in clinical practice, and to present our experience with the treatment of paediatric patients.

Clinical and laboratory characteristics of enteroviral meningitis in children, including qRT-PCR and sequencing analysis.

Aims: Enteroviruses (EVs) are the most common agents of aseptic meningitis. Some serotypes can cause serious neuroinfection leading to death. The aim of this study was to determine the representation of EVs in the etiology of aseptic meningitis in children and to analyze the demographic, clinical, laboratory, and epidemiological characteristics of patients with EV meningitis.

New approach for cystic fibrosis diagnosis based on chloride/potassium ratio analyzed in non-invasively obtained skin-wipe sweat samples by capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductometric detection.

A new approach for sweat analysis used in cystic fibrosis (CF) diagnosis is proposed. It consists of a noninvasive skin-wipe sampling followed by analysis of target ions using capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductometric detection (C4D). The skin-wipe sampling consists of wiping a defined skin area with precleaned cotton swab moistened with 100 μL deionized water.

[Salmonellosis - a real threat for infants].

Salmonella spp. are a common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis. In infants, Salmonella infection is uncommon, posing a higher risk for a severe course.

Assessment of antibodies against surface and outer membrane proteins of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Lyme borreliosis and tick-borne encephalitis paediatric patients.

To examine evidence of positive antibodies against immunogenic proteins of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in patients with other tick-borne infections and to diagnose possible co-infections, 412 serum specimens were tested by immunoblotting using three specific Anaplasma antigens: surface proteins p44 and Asp62 and outer membrane protein A (OmpA). In total, 284 serum samples from children with Lyme borreliosis and 12 serum samples from children with tick-borne encephalitis were tested. Sera from patients with viral aseptic meningitis (n = 47) and from blood donors (n = 69) were used as controls.

Cost-of-illness analysis and regression modeling in cystic fibrosis: a retrospective prevalence-based study.

Background: Economic data pertaining to cystic fibrosis (CF), is limited in Europe generally, and completely lacking in Central and Eastern Europe. We performed an analysis of all direct costs associated with CF relative to key disease features and laboratory examinations.

Methods: A retrospective prevalence-based cost-of-illness (COI) study was performed in a representative cohort of 242 CF patients in the Czech Republic, which represents about 65 % of all Czech CF patients.

[Pertussis in a 4-month-old infant with unrecognized cystic fibrosis].

We present a case report of a small boy with cystic fibrosis complicated by pertussis and pneumothorax. The child had not been vaccinated against Bordetella pertussis due to the failure to thrive and was infected with the bacterium at the age of 4 months. The course of the disease was severe, with respiratory distress and spontaneous pneumothorax.

Long term results of HDR brachytherapy in men older than 75 with localized carcinoma of the prostate.

Background: Prostate cancer is an illness with a high incidence, especially among older men. The choice of a treatment option among men above 75 years is, however, not clear. Radical prostatectomy in this age group is connected with a relatively high morbidity.

[The role of permanent brachytherapy in the treatment of localized prostate carcinoma].

The popularity of permanent brachytherapy is now growing dramatically. The development of several new technologies has led to an improvement in dose distribution and results and can also return the patients to normal daily activities. The role of permanent brachytherapy in the treatment of localized prostate carcinoma is described in the present article.

[The role of interstitial brachytherapy in multimodality management of solid tumors].

Although being used for several decades, interstitial brachytherapy remains a modern radiotherapeutic method. Over the time, it has been highly improved, including the latest technologies. Its broad use has been facilitaed by the use of high dose rate (HDR) afterloadings.

Three-dimensional conformal external beam radiotherapy versus the combination of external radiotherapy with high-dose rate brachytherapy in localized carcinoma of the prostate: comparison of acute toxicity.

Aims And Background: Radiotherapy represents one of the basic therapeutic methods in treatment of localized carcinoma of the prostate. Optimal irradiation dose is the cornerstone of a successful treatment. Along with local control of the disease and overall survival of the patient, possible acute and long-term side effects need to be monitored very closely.

Acute toxicity of conformal high dose interstitial brachytherapy boost in prostate cancer.

Over the past few years, brachytherapy has become more and more common in the treatment of prostate cancer, largely thanks to the reduced amount of acute and chronic side effects. At the same time, brachytherapy also allows dose escalation, resulting in significant improvements in the treatment results. From August 2004 to June 2005, we irradiated 40 patients suffering from T1c-T3a prostate cancer.

[Acute adverse effects of high dose brachytherapy in combination with external radiotherapy in localized prostate cancer].

Background: Over the past few years, brachytherapy has become more and more common in the treatment of prostate cancer. Part of the reason behind this growth in the use of brachytherapy for the treatment of organ-confined prostate cancer is the reduced amount of acute and chronic side effects. On the other hand, brachytherapy allows for dose escalation, resulting in significant improvements in the treatment results.