Pathways, development needs, and clinical connections for midwifery faculty in low- and middle-income settings of the Asia Pacific region: A qualitative study.

Introduction: The development and strengthening of midwifery education requires a focus on midwifery faculty as an important strategy to improve quality of care provision. Despite the need for high-quality midwifery educators in all-countries, preparation and development of faculty is challenging, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.

Aim: The aim was to explore the experiences of midwifery faculty in low- and middle-income countries in the Asia Pacific region regarding their pathway to being a faculty member, programs of development and/or factors that supported their transition to faculty.

Protektem pikinini blong yu trial: protocol for a single arm field trial to assess the effectiveness of treating-all pregnant women with hepatitis B infection with tenofovir prophylaxis to prevent mother-to-child transmission in Vanuatu, 2024-2025.

Background: Hepatitis B infection is a major public health concern in Vanuatu, with approximately 9% of the general population estimated to be living with chronic hepatitis B. Most new infections are due to mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). Hepatitis B vaccination is available in Vanuatu, but coverage rates for first dose within 24 h of birth and third dose are suboptimal.

Optimizing spherulation cues in the fungal pathogen .

spp. are part of a group of thermally dimorphic fungal pathogens, which grow as filamentous cells (hyphae) in the soil and transform to a different morphology upon inhalation into the host. The host form, the spherule, is unique and highly undercharacterized due to both technical and biocontainment challenges.

Midwife-led birthing centre in the humanitarian setup: An experience from the Rohingya camp, Bangladesh.

In Bangladesh, Midwife Led Birthing Centres (MLBCs) have been established to provide midwifery care and sexual and reproductive health services for the displaced Rohingya population in Cox's Bazar. The aim of this study was to explore MLBCs in this humanitarian context from the perspectives of women, midwives, and other key stakeholders. A mixed-method case study was conducted at one of the MLBCs within the Rohingya refugee camps in Cox's Bazar.

The effects of COVID-19 on maternal, newborn and child health services in Papua New Guinea.

Papua New Guinea's health system faces ongoing challenges in the provision of maternal and child health and has some of the poorest health indicators in the world. In this paper, we describe the impact of COVID-19 on maternal and child health, as examples of primary health care services. We conducted 131 semi-structured interviews with different population groups in seven provinces (Jul-Nov 2021).

Phenotypic landscape of a fungal meningitis pathogen reveals its unique biology.

is the most common cause of fungal meningitis and the top-ranked W.H.O.

Transcriptomic atlas of the morphologic development of the fungal pathogen reveals key phase-enriched transcripts.

. are highly understudied but significant dimorphic fungal pathogens that can infect both immunocompetent and immunocompromised people. In the environment, they grow as multicellular filaments (hyphae) that produce vegetative spores called arthroconidia.

The Portrayal of Cesarean Section on Instagram: Mixed Methods Social Media Analysis.

Background: Cesarean section (CS) rates in Indonesia are rapidly increasing for both sociocultural and medical reasons. However, there is limited understanding of the role that social media plays in influencing preferences regarding mode of birth (vaginal or CS). Social media provides a platform for users to seek and exchange information, including information on the mode of birth, which may help unpack social influences on health behavior.

Barriers and system improvements for physical activity promotion after gestational diabetes: A qualitative exploration of the views of healthcare professionals.

Aim: Physical activity is an important behaviour for managing the ten times increased risk of type 2 diabetes after gestational diabetes. Previous studies exploring physical activity promotion in healthcare focus on general practitioners but have not explored the gestational diabetes pathway. Therefore, this paper explores the barriers to and suggestions for, activity promotion along the gestational diabetes healthcare pathway.

Inferring the composition of a mixed culture of natural microbial isolates by deep sequencing.

Next generation sequencing has unlocked a wealth of genotype information for microbial populations, but phenotyping remains a bottleneck for exploiting this information, particularly for pathogens that are difficult to manipulate. Here, we establish a method for high-throughput phenotyping of mixed cultures, in which the pattern of naturally occurring single-nucleotide polymorphisms in each isolate is used as intrinsic barcodes which can be read out by sequencing. We demonstrate that our method can correctly deconvolute strain proportions in simulated mixed-strain pools.

Increasing the number of midwives is necessary but not sufficient: using global data to support the case for investment in both midwife availability and the enabling work environment in low- and middle-income countries.

Background: Most countries are off-track to achieve global maternal and newborn health goals. Global stakeholders agree that investment in midwifery is an important element of the solution. During a global shortage of health workers, strategic decisions must be made about how to configure services to achieve the best possible outcomes with the available resources.

Rising caesarean section rates and factors affecting women's decision-making about mode of birth in Indonesia: a longitudinal qualitative study.

Introduction: Caesarean section (CS) rates in Indonesia are increasing rapidly. Understanding women's preferences about mode of birth is important to help contextualise these rising rates and can help develop interventions to optimise CS. This study aimed to explore Indonesian women's preferences and decision-making about mode of birth, and how their preferences may change throughout pregnancy and birth.

Optimizing in vitro spherulation cues in the fungal pathogen .

. are part of a group of thermally dimorphic fungal pathogens, which grow as filamentous cells (hyphae) in the soil and transform to a different morphology upon inhalation into the host. The host form, the spherule, is unique and highly under characterized due to both technical and biocontainment challenges.

Evidence-based decision-making in a climate of political expediency: insights from local government.

Aims: Local authorities in England are responsible for public health and health promotion. This article sought to explore how research and decision-making co-exist in a local authority in England.

Methods: An Embedded Researcher was based within the local authority and used qualitative methodology to address the research aim.

Developing the embedded researcher role: Learning from the first year of the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), Health Determinants Research Collaboration (HDRC), Doncaster, UK.

Background: Strategies to embed research knowledge into decision making contexts include the Embedded Research (ER) model, which involves the collocation of academic researchers in non-academic organisations such as hospitals and local authorities. A local authority in Doncaster, United Kingdom (UK) has adopted an embedded researcher model within the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), Health Determinants Research Collaboration (HDRC). This five-year collaboration enables universities and local authorities to work together to reduce health inequalities and target the social determinants of health.

Preventing Type 2 Diabetes after Gestational Diabetes: A Systematic Review Mapping Physical Activity Components using the Socio-Ecological Model.

Objectives: Gestational diabetes commonly occurs during pregnancy and increases lifetime risk of type 2 diabetes following pregnancy. Engaging in physical activity postnatally can reduce this subsequent risk. Interventions aiming to increase physical activity after gestational diabetes may not address the wide range of post-pregnancy barriers.

Transferability of the NHS low-calorie diet programme: A qualitative exploration of factors influencing the programme's transfer ahead of wide-scale adoption.

Introduction: Although behavioural interventions have been found to help control type 2 diabetes (T2D), it is important to understand how the delivery context can influence implementation and outcomes. The NHS committed to testing a low-calorie diet (LCD) programme designed to support people living with excess weight and T2D to lose weight and improve diabetes outcomes. Understanding what influenced implementation during the programme pilot is important in optimising rollout.

The NHS Low-Calorie Diet Digital Programme: Fidelity of behaviour change technique delivery.

Aims: NHS England commissioned independent service providers to deliver the NHS Low-Calorie Diet Programme pilot. Previous research has illustrated a drift in the fidelity of behaviour change techniques (BCTs) during the delivery of the programme provided through face-to-face group or one-to-one behavioural support. The aim of this study was to assess the delivery fidelity of the BCT content in the digital delivery of the programme.

"If I am alive, I am happy": Defining quality of care from the perspectives of key maternal and newborn health stakeholders in Papua New Guinea.

Quality maternal and newborn healthcare is essential to improve experiences and health outcomes for mothers and babies. In many low to middle income countries, such as Papua New Guinea, there are initiatives to increase antenatal care attendance and facility births. To develop and implement initiatives that are appropriate, relevant, and contextualised to a community, it is important to understand how quality of care is perceived and defined by different maternal and newborn healthcare stakeholders.